Njengoba wazi, sesiqalile uchungechunge lwezingxoxo kwabanye abantu abafanele futhi nasezinkampanini ezikulo mkhakha. Kepha lokhu bekukhethekile, ngoba, njengoba ngisho isihloko, UPaul Brown Ungiphakamise ukuthi ngiguqule indlela yokwenza futhi ngiyenze njengenkulumo. Ekugcineni nginqume ukukwenza ngeTelegram, okunikeza impendulo engingazange ngibe nethuba lokuba nayo nazo zonke izingxoxo. Ngiyethemba nawe uyawuthanda umphumela ...
Ngokuqondene ne-protagonist, angicabangi ukuthi kunezethulo eziningi kakhulu ezidingekayo, kepha uma kusekhona okungazi lutho laphaya, yisho lokho UPaul Brown ungomunye wabahleli be www.linux.com, ungumsunguli we I-Linux Spain, abuye abhale esizeni sakhe I-Quickfix. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ulandela eduze yonke iphrojekthi ye-KDE mega, ngokuqinisekile uzokwazi nokuthi iphethe ezokuxhumana nezenyuso. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe? Hlala ufunda ...
LinuxAdictos: Ungangitshela ukuthi yini ekuthathe ekubeni nguthisha wesiNgisi uye kwiLinux? Futhi kwaba yini ukuxhumana kwakho kokuqala nesoftware yamahhala?
UPaul Brown: Impela. Wayelokhu ethanda ikhompyutha njalo. Ngahlela iPDP-8 ngo-1979 futhi ngaba ne-Commodore 64 ngo-1982. Okunye ukuthi, ngangiyinati lomagazini be-Linux. Lapho omagazini beLinux beqala ukubuya emuva kweminyaka engama-90s, ngangihlaba umxhwele kakhulu futhi ngabathenga bonke. Kwakufana negciwane: ubuchwepheshe bokuqala bangithelele, kwase kuba ifilosofi. Kwakungukuvezwa kwazo zonke izinto ezimbi ezenzeka kumakhompyutha.
Lapho ngolunye usuku ngizithola ngichazela abafundi bami (ngesiNgisi) engikutholile esikhundleni sokusetshenziswa kwePresent Perfect, ngabona ukuthi kufanele ngishintshe imisebenzi.
I-LxA: Ngabe umshini we-DEC ubusuka enkampanini ethile oyisebenzele?
PB: Kwakuvela enkampanini yendwangu, kodwa ngangingasebenzi lapho. Ngangineminyaka engu-13 kuphela ubudala! Ngangifunda esikoleni esiphakeme. Umngani wabazali bami nguyena owayefaka futhi waqamba uhlelo kuwo wonke umhlangano. Kwakukhona i-PDP-8 ne-PDP-11. I-junk enkulu, ene (yangaphandle) idonsa kanzima ngosayizi womshini wokuwasha. I-PDP-8 yahlelwa nge-teletypewriter futhi "ungagcina" izinhlelo kumateyipu ephepha. Njengoba yonke into yayishisa kakhulu, babenomoya opholile ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi wawungena kuphela ngejazi elimhlophe ukuze izintambo nothuli lwezingubo kungathinti imishini. Yonke inganekwane yesayensi ngaleso sikhathi ...
I-LxA: Kuyathakazelisa kakhulu, bengingazi ngezingubo ...
PB: Umngani wabazali bami wathi banehaba kancane. Kepha, kucatshangelwa ukuthi lonke uhlelo lwalubiza izigidi zama-pesetas ngaleso sikhathi ...
I-LxA: Manje njengoba ukhuluma ngaleyo mishini emidala ... angazi noma uyibonile yini i-Code Linux, ngiyakhumbula ukuthi ubaba kaLinus Torvalds wathi umshini lapho indodana yakhe yahlangana khona okokuqala namakhompiyutha yamsiza wafunda ngoba ngobulula bayo. Manje mhlawumbe ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi kusebenza kanjani. Ingabe uyavuma?
PB: Yebo, kepha kukhona okunye. Ngigcina ibhukwana leCommodore 64 kanti ngemuva kukhona amapulani ayo yonke i-elekthronikhi ngaphakathi. Izincwajana zaziphelele kakhulu kuyo yonke into: bachaza lonke uhlelo lokusebenza, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nehadiwe. Lokho kulahlekile. Iningi lemishini ethengwa ngabantu ngamabhokisi amnyama, angenazo izincwadi. Ngenkathi kuma-80s abasebenzisi babemenyiwe ukuthi bazodlala (banikezwa izindlela zokwenza kanjalo), manje kunezinkampani ezenza sengathi ukholwa ukuthi akukho emthethweni.
I-LxA: Ngiyavuma ngokuphelele. Kungakho amaphrojekthi afana ne-Raspberry Pi ne-Arduino engene kahle emhlabeni wezemfundo, akunjalo? Zilula kakhulu, zibuyele kulezo zikhathi ngandlela thile futhi uthola imibhalo eminingi ...
PB: Yebo, empeleni i-Raspberry Pi yayakhiwe onjiniyela ababesebenza kumakhompyutha abo (ama "microphone" njengoba ayebizwa kanjalo ngaleso sikhathi) ngama-80s. Babona ukuthi ukuvalwa kwe-hardware kuguqula amakhompyutha abe yimishini ecishe isetshenziswe ekhaya.
Ibisizenzele ikhwalithi yabafundi ababebhaliswe emisebenzini ehlobene nekhompyutha. Ngamanye amagama, abafundi besayensi yamakhompiyutha bama-80s kanye nama-90s okuqala babazi okungaphezulu kakhulu kwalabo abangena manje. Futhi akungenxa yokuthi "zonke izikhathi ezedlule bezingcono", kepha ngoba imboni ithathe isinqumo sokuthi uma umsebenzisi esazi kancane, kuzokuba ngcono. Kuyi-idiocy yekhompyutha yomuntu siqu eholele enkingeni yamathalente.
Angisho ukuthi intando yeningi nokwenza lula kubi, iso. Kepha inomunye umphumela ongeke wazitshwa. Okubi ukufihla okwenzeka ngaphakathi kulabo abanelukuluku lokwazi.
I-LxA: Idiotization nokungathembani, ngaphezu kwalokhu okushoyo, futhi nasekungathembeni mayelana nokuphepha nobumfihlo. Awazi ngempela ukuthi isoftware yenzani, kepha ne-Hardware ...
PB: Futhi lokho kusiletha ezintweni ezinjengeSpecter neMeltdown: izimbungulu kanye nokuba sengozini obekusezinhlelweni kusukela ngama-90s nokuthi abantu abanjengo-Intel babazi kepha akufanele badalule.
I-LxA: Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi iRaspi nayo ibizobe ingenayo i-CPU evulekile? Esikhundleni se-IP yesisekelo se-ARM ...
PB: Yebo kulungile. Kuyangicasula impela ukuthi asikwazi ukuba ne-hardware lapho zonke izingxenye zivulekile kuleli banga leminyaka. Kuyindaba esalindelwe okumele umphakathi uyixazulule.
I-LxA: Ngichithe iminyaka eyi-15 ngicwaninga ama-microprocessors futhi kunamaphrojekthi athakazelisayo afana ne-OpenSPARC, OpenPOWER, RISC, ...
PB: Kunamaphrojekthi ambalwa lapho… I-RISC V ibonakala ithembisa, kepha okwamanje ingumsebenzi ongaphezu kwanoma yini enye. Ngiyazi kancane nge-OpenPOWER. Agh… Angazi ukuthi lokho kuvuleke kanjani. Ngicabanga ukuthi kuyisinyathelo leso, kepha uze ubone yonke imidwebo esatshalaliswe ngaphansi kwelayisense evunyelwe yi-FSF noma i-OSI ...
I-LxA: Ukushintsha okuncane kwesithathu ... Kuthiwani ngokubona ukuqhuma emidlalweni yevidiyo ngokuxhaswa kweLinux?
PB: Hehe… Lesi yisihloko futhi esinohlangothi olumnyama. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kulungile. Ngakho-ke bonke labo abathi "Angiyingeni imidlalo" ngeke besaba nezaba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umqondo wesoftware yamahhala akukhona ukudala izindawo ezenza kube lula ukusatshalaliswa kwesoftware ephathelene. Kufana ne-Android, yebo i-kernel imahhala, kepha akekho noyedwa ozophutha uhlelo ngohlelo lwamahhala.
Umuntu uyazibuza ukuthi ngalokho, kwenza mehluko muni uma i-kernel imahhala noma cha? Kuyafana nokuthi ubani ophikisana nokuthi sizoba nini ne-Microsoft Office noma i-Photoshop ye-Linux. Impendulo yami kulokhu ithi, 'Ngiyacela ungakwenzi.' Lokho kungabulala amaphrojekthi afana neLibreOffice, noma i-GIMP, noma iKirta, ...
Kepha ngiyavuma ukuthi into yemidlalo iyinkimbinkimbi. Ngiyaqonda ukuthi ngingalikhiqiza kanjani ibhizinisi ngehhovisi lamahhala noma ngesoftware yokwakha, ungakha imibhalo, unikeze amakilasi, ukusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe, kepha esimweni semidlalo yamahhala yevidiyo ... Yimaphi amanye amabhizinisi akhona ngaphandle kokuthengisa umdlalo?
I-LxA: Lokhu kungikhumbuza ingxoxo esiyenze noRichard Stallman, lapho athi: "Uma umuntu esebenzisa i-Visual Studio ku-GNU / Linux, kungcono kakhulu kunokusebenzisa i-Visual Studio ku-Windows, ngoba iWindows ayisazithumeli." Futhi ucabanga into efanayo ngamavidiyo wevidiyo ...
PB: Yebo, kepha kuyisinyathelo esinyuka kancane ngokwengeziwe kunendlela abantu abacabanga ngayo. Kepha kuseyisinyathelo. Ukudlala imidlalo yamahhala kuzingxenyekazi zamahhala… lokho kungaba yinqubekela phambili ecacile.
I-LxA: Futhi njengoba sesikhombe iMicrosoft, ucabangani ngezinyathelo zakamuva? Njengokuthengwa kweGitHub, ukuvulwa kwamaphrojekthi athile, i-Linux-based distro, umnikelo ngemali nekhodi yeLinux Foundation, ukunyakaza kwamuva kumalungelo obunikazi… Kuzwakala kukuhle, kepha uma ubona iLinux Sucks 2018, uBryan Lunduke usho okuthile okunikezayo Ukugodola, mayelana necebo leMicrosoft lokucekela phansi ngaphakathi: "Yamukela, Nweba, Cisha."
PB: Kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane kunalokho. IMicrosoft iyinkampani enkulu. Ngenxa yalokho ayikwazi ukwenza izinto ezinhle noma ezimbi. Lokho yi-anthropomorphizing. Njenganoma iyiphi inkampani enkulu, njenge-IBM, iRed Hat, noma enye, abanikazi bamasheya bayo kuphela abaphendula kuqala. Manje izintshisekelo zeMicrosoft ziqondanisa (ngandlela thile) neLinux. Akukho okunye.
Eqinisweni, qaphela ukuthi ayikho kulezi zinkampani ezake zisebenzise igama elithi "isoftware yamahhala", zihlala zisebenzisa i- "open-source", engenazimpawu zokuziphatha. Kunjalo: izinkampani azikwazi ukwaziswa ngokuziphatha. Ngakho-ke kulandela ukuthi iMicrosoft iyayithanda iLinux ukumaketha okumsulwa.
Ake sibone, angingabazi ukuthi kukhona onjiniyela be-MS abathanda imithombo evulekile, futhi abayizakhamizi ezinhle emphakathini, kodwa abawela emgunyeni wokuthi inkampani, ngobukhulu obukhulu beMicrosoft, ingaba nemizwa noma isimilo, kuyinkohliso. Qaphela, ngicabanga okufanayo ngeRed Hat, IBM, Samsung, nanoma yini ...
Futhi, uma ucabanga kanjalo, awusoze wadumala lapho benza okuthile ongavumelani nakho. Ukucabanga ngezizathu zabo kuhlala kulula: 'Ngalokho bakwazile ukukhulisa inani lezenzo zabo'. Yilokho kuphela. Yikho konke ukuzithethelela okudingayo. Kungakho-ke zidinga ukulawulwa kuze kube sekufeni. Eqinisweni, angicabangi ukuthi noma iyiphi inkampani kufanele izivumele ukuthi ikhule futhi iqoqe amandla amaningi njengeMicrosoft, Google, Apple, Amazon ...
I-LxA: Yebo, ngeshwa abaphathi bamasheya bayabusa, ngibonile izinkampani eziningi zishintsha inkambo ngisho kungabiza imali yokwedlula abasebenzi bazo noma onjiniyela ngoba nje imali idlulela komunye umkhakha. Isibonelo, ngikhumbula nge-AMD, lapho abaninimasheya bebona imakethe engaba khona yamandla aphansi namadivayisi eselula futhi befuna ukudela ukusebenza ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, futhi kwaba nokuxokozela konjiniyela besikole esidala. Futhi lokho kudale ukuthi inkampani iguqe phambi kwe-Intel kuze kufike iZen, lapho sebethole idlanzana labakhi bezakhiwo abakahle. Kepha ngiyazibuza ukuthi yikuphi okuza kuqala, inkukhu noma iqanda? Ngiqonde ukuthi, ukuze laba bamasheya bahambise ithebhu kumele kube khona isanqante phambi kwabo ebakhuthaza ukuthi benze njalo ... USteve Jobs wayengumlingo kulokhu, odala isidingo abese esisebenzisa kabi ...
PB: Muntu, ukudala isidingo kuyinto ephikisana kancane ngokwemigomo, akunjalo? Angifuni ukuthola ifilosofi, kepha ukuba ne-iPad akusona isidingo.
I-LxA: Yebo, kepha bakwenza ukholwe ukuthi uma ungenayo, awuyena "opholile." Eqinisweni, kunezikole eziningi ezifuna ukuthi abafundi bazo basebenze nama-iPads hhayi nganoma iyiphi i-tablet, okuphoqa abazali ukuthi benze imali enkulu ngazo zonke ezinye izinto ezibandakanya ... Uma uphatha ithebhulethi ye-Android, kuzoba isimanga sekilasi noma ungeke ukwazi ukusebenza, lokhu ubugebengu nje. Ngaphandle kwalokho uma ukujwayela lokho, khona-ke uzokufuna lokho ... Kukhona nezifundo ezithi i-iPhone isibe ngesinye sezinkomba zezinga lezomnotho lamanje. Futhi abantu bazibulala ngokuba nabo ...
PB: … Isoftware yamahhala ingasebenzisa okuncane kwalokhu… er… ubukhazikhazi. Futhi abantu babecabanga ukuthi ukufaka i-Arch noma i-Debian kuzoba yinkosi. Ukuthi…
Ezinye izingxoxo ochungechungeni:
- Isigqoko Esibomvu noJulia Bernal
- Slimbook
- UVictor Mayoral ovela ku-Erle Robotics
- URichard Stallman
- ESET
- UFrancisco Sanz ovela kuThe Security Sentinel
- UFrancisco Nadador, uchwepheshe ekuhlaziyweni kwe-forensic
- UManuel Ujaldon ovela ku-UMA naku-NVIDIA CUDA Fellow Award
- UChema Alonso
- ULuis Ivan Cuende
- UMikel waseMKElectronica
- Okuningi okuzayo ... hlala ubukele i-LxA !!
Ngiyabonga kakhulu ngakho konke Paul, okujabulisa… Ngiyethemba abafundi bathole ukuthi le ngxoxo ithakazelisa. Ungakhohlwa ukushiya ifayela lakho le- imibono.
Inohlonze impela. Ngiyabonga