Njengoko usazi, siqalisile uthotho lodliwanondlebe kubantu abathile abachaphazelekayo nakwiinkampani ezikweli candelo. Kodwa oku kuye kwaba yinto ekhethekileyo, kuba, njengoko ndisitsho kwisihloko, UPaul Brown Uye wandicebisa ukuba nditshintshe indlela yokwenza kwaye ndiyenze njengentetho. Ekugqibeleni ndigqibe kwelokuba ndiyenze ngeTelegram, ethi ngokuqinisekileyo inike ingxelo yokuba andikhange ndibenalo ithuba lokufumana lonke udliwanondlebe. Ndiyathemba ukuba nawe uyasithanda isiphumo ...
Ngokubhekisele kumlinganiswa ophambili, andicingi ukuba kufuneka iintetho ezininzi, kodwa ukuba kusekho ukungazi nto phaya, yitsho UPaul Brown ngomnye wabahleli be www.linux.com, ngumseki we I-Linux iSpain, kwaye ubhala nakwindawo yakhe Izinto ezenzeka ngokukhawuleza. Ukongeza, ukuba ulandela ngokusondeleyo yonke iprojekthi ye-KDE mega, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kwazi ukuba liphethe unxibelelwano kunye nokwenyusa. Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi okungakumbi? Ewe, qhubeka ufunda ...
LinuxAdictos: Ungandixelela ukuba uthathe ntoni ekubeni ungutitshala wesiNgesi uye kwiLinux? Kwaye yayiyintoni unxibelelwano lwakho lokuqala nesoftware yasimahla?
UPaul Brown: Ngokuqinisekileyo. Wayesoloko ethanda ikhompyuter. Ndacwangcisa i-PDP-8 ngo-1979 kwaye ndaba ne-Commodore 64 ngo-1982. Xa iimagazini zeLinux zaqala ukubuya emva kwexesha kwi-90s, ndandinomdla kakhulu kwaye ndazithenga zonke. Kwakufana nentsholongwane: ubuchwepheshe bokuqala bandosulela, emva koko intanda-bulumko. Yayisisityhilelo sazo zonke izinto ezimbi ezenzekayo kwiikhompyuter.
Ngenye imini xa ndandizifumana ndicacisela abafundi bam (ngesiNgesi) ngezinto endizifumeneyo endaweni yokusebenzisa iPresent Perfect, ndiye ndaqonda ukuba kufuneka nditshintshe ubugcisa.
LxW: Ngaba umatshini we-DEC uvela kwinkampani ethile osebenzele kuyo?
PB: Yayivela kwinkampani eyolukiweyo, kodwa ndandingasebenzi apho. Ndandineminyaka eli-13 kuphela ubudala! Ndifunda kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Umhlobo wabazali bam wayengumfakeli kunye nenkqubo yendibano iphela. Kwakukho iPDP-8 kunye nePDP-11. I-junk enkulu, ene (yangaphandle) iqhuba kanzima ubungakanani bomatshini wokuhlamba. I-PDP-8 yacwangciswa nge-teletypewriter kwaye unako "ukugcina" iinkqubo kwiiteyiphu zamaphepha. Njengoko yonke into yayishushu kakhulu, babenomoya opholileyo ngalo lonke ixesha kwaye unokungena kuphela ngengubo emhlophe ukuze umsonto nothuli lweempahla lungachaphazeli oomatshini. Yonke inzululwazi yesayensi yexesha ...
LxW: Inomdla kakhulu, andazi malunga neempahla ...
PB: Umhlobo wabazali bam wathi bayazibaxa noko. Kodwa, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba yonke le nkqubo yayixabisa izigidi zepesetas ngelo xesha ...
LxW: Ngoku ukuba uthetha ngoomatshini abadala ... andazi ukuba ubonile uxwebhu lweKhowudi yeLinux, ndiyakhumbula ukuba utata kaLinus Torvalds wathi umatshini apho unyana wakhe wayenonxibelelwano lwakhe lokuqala neekhompyuter wenza ukuba afunde kuba yokulula kwayo. Ngoku zinzima kakhulu ukuqonda ukuba isebenza njani. Ingaba uyavumelana?
PB: Ewe ikhona enye into. Ndigcina incwadana ye-Commodore 64 kwaye ngasemva zizicwangciso zazo zonke i-elektroniki ngaphakathi. Iincwadana zaziphelele kuyo yonke into: bachaza yonke inkqubo yokusebenza, usetyenziso kunye nezixhobo. Oko kulahlekile. Uninzi loomatshini abathenga abantu ziibhokisi ezimnyama, ngaphandle kwamaxwebhu. Ngelixa abasebenzisi be-80s babemenyelwe ukungcolisa ujikelezo (banikwe iindlela zokwenza njalo), ngoku kukho iinkampani ezenza ngathi ukholelwa ukuba akukho semthethweni.
LxW: Ndivuma ngokupheleleyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto iiprojekthi ezinjengeRaspberry Pi kunye neArduino zingene kwilizwe lezemfundo kakuhle, akunjalo? Zilula kakhulu, zibuyele kula maxesha ngandlela thile kwaye ufumana uninzi lwamaxwebhu ...
PB: Ewe, enyanisweni i-Raspberry Pi yenzelwe iinjineli ezazisebenza kwiikhompyuter zobuqu ("ii-microphone" njengoko zazibizwa njalo ngoko) ze-80s. Baye baqonda ukuba ukuvalwa kwehardware kuguqula iikhompyuter zibe zizixhobo phantse zekhaya.
Yayenze isifotho kumgangatho wabafundi ababhalise kwimisebenzi yesayensi yekhompyuter. Oko kukuthi, abafundi bezesayensi zekhompyuter be-80 kunye nee-90s zokuqala babesazi ngaphezulu kakhulu kunabo bangena ngoku. Kwaye ayisiyiyo ngoba "onke amaxesha adlulileyo ayengcono", kodwa ngenxa yokuba imboni igqibe ekubeni kokukhona umsebenzisi esazi, ngcono. Yi-idiocy yekhompyuter yakho ekhokelele kwingxaki yeetalente.
Anditsho ukuba ulawulo lwentando yesininzi kunye nokwenza lula kubi, iliso. Kodwa inenye into engenakuhoywa. Okubi kukufihla okwenzekayo ngaphakathi kwabo banomdla.
LxW: Idiotization kunye nokungathembani, ngaphaya kwento oyithethileyo, nangokungathembani ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko kunye nemfihlo. Awazi ngokwenene ukuba isoftware yenzani, kodwa kwaneentsimbi ...
PB: Kwaye oko kusizisa kwizinto ezinje ngeSpecter kunye neMeltdown: iibugs kunye nokuba semngciphekweni okube kwiinkqubo ukusukela nge-90s kwaye abantu abanjengo-Intel bayazi kodwa akufuneki baxele.
LxW: Ngaba ucinga ukuba iRaspi ngekhe ibenayo i-CPU evulekileyo nayo? Endaweni ye-ARM engundoqo ye-IP ...
PB: Yhe Kulungile. Iyandicaphukisa into yokuba singabinazo izixhobo zekhompyutha apho onke amacandelo avulekileyo kweli nqanaba. Ngumba olindelekileyo ukuba uluntu lusombulule.
LxW: Ndichithe iminyaka eli-15 ndiphanda microprocessors kwaye kukho iiprojekthi ezinomdla ezinje nge-OpenSPARC, OpenPOWER, RISC, ...
PB: Kukho iiprojekthi ezininzi apho ... i-RISC V ibonakala ithembisa, kodwa okwangoku yeyiprojekthi ngaphezulu kwayo nayiphi na enye into. Ndiyazi kancinci nge-OpenPOWER. Agh… andiyazi ukuba ivuleke kangakanani. Ndicinga ukuba linyathelo, kodwa ke ude ubone yonke imizobo esasazwe phantsi kwelayisensi evunyiweyo yi-FSF okanye i-OSI ...
LxW: Ukutshintsha isuntswana lesithathu ... Kuthekani malunga nokubona isantya kwimidlalo yevidiyo ngenkxaso yeLinux?
PB: Hehe… Esi sisihloko esinezinto ezimnyama. Kwelinye icala, kulungile. Ke bonke abo bathi "andidluli kwimidlalo" abasayi kuba nasizathu. Kwelinye icala, umbono wesoftware yasimahla ayikokudala iimeko ezihambisa ukuhanjiswa kwesoftware yobunini. Ifana ne-Android, ewe i-kernel isimahla, kodwa akukho mntu uya kuyenza impazamo inkqubo yasimahla.
Umntu uyazibuza ukuba ngenxa yoko, wenza wuphi umahluko ukuba i-kernel isimahla okanye akunjalo? Kuyafana nokuthi uthi ngubani xa siza kuba neMicrosoft Office okanye iFotohop yeLinux. INDLELA endiphendula ngayo ithi, 'Nceda ungavumi.' Ingabulala iiprojekthi ezinje ngeLibreOffice, okanye iGIMP, okanye iKirta, ...
Kodwa ndiyavuma ukuba into yemidlalo inzima. Ndiyayiqonda indlela yokuvelisa ishishini ngeofisi yasimahla okanye ngesoftware yoyilo, unokwenza amaxwebhu, unike iiklasi, inkxaso yezobuchwephesha, kodwa kwimeko yemidlalo yasimahla yevidiyo ... Ngawaphi amanye amashishini akhoyo ngaphandle kokuthengisa umdlalo?
LxW: Oku kundikhumbuza udliwanondlebe esasilwenza noRichard Stallman, apho wathi: "Ukuba umntu usebenzisa iVisual Studio kwiGNU / Linux, kungcono kakhulu kunokusebenzisa iVisual Studio kwiWindows, kuba iiWindows azisazingenisi." Ucinga into efanayo malunga neevidiyo zemidlalo ...
PB: Ewe, kodwa linyathelo elincinci elonyukayo kunokuba abantu becinga. Kodwa ke linyathelo. Ukudlala imidlalo yasimahla kumaqonga asimahla… iya kuba yinkqubela ebonakalayo.
LxW: Kwaye ngoku sikhankanyile iMicrosoft, ucinga ntoni ngokuhamba kwangoku? Njengokuthengwa kweGitHub, ukuvulwa kweeprojekthi ezithile, indawo esekwe kwiLinux, igalelo ngemali kunye nekhowudi yeLinux Foundation, intshukumo yamvanje yamalungelo awodwa omenzi wechiza… Kuvakala kulungile, kodwa xa ubona iLinux Sucks 2018, uBryan Lunduke uthetha into enika Ukugodola, malunga nesicwangciso sikaMicrosoft sokutshabalalisa ngaphakathi: "Yamkela, Yandisa, Cima."
PB: Inzima kancinci kunaleyo. IMicrosoft liqumrhu elikhulu. Ngenxa yoko ayinakwenza izinto ezilungileyo okanye ezimbi. Oko kuyimbumba. Njengayo nayiphi na inkampani enkulu, enje nge-IBM, iRed Hat, okanye nayiphi na enye into, kuphela ngabanini zabelo abaphendula kuqala. Ngoku iimfuno zikaMicrosoft zilungelelanisa (ngandlel 'ithile) neeLinux. Akukho Okuninzi.
Ngapha koko, qaphela ukuba akukho nanye kwezi nkampani eyakha yasebenzisa igama elithi "isoftware yasimahla", ihlala isebenzisa "umthombo ovulekileyo", ongenazimpawu zokuziphatha. Kulungile: iinkampani azinakho ukubalwa ngokuziphatha. Ke kulandela ukuba iMicrosoft iyayithanda iLinux yintengiso emsulwa.
Masibone, andithandabuzi ukuba zikhona iinjineli ze-MS ezithanda imithombo evulekileyo, kwaye ngabemi abalungileyo eluntwini, kodwa bewela kwinkohliso yokuba inkampani, ubukhulu becala kubukhulu beMicrosoft, inokuba neemvakalelo okanye isimilo, yinkohliso. Lumka, ndicinga okufanayo ngeRed Hat, IBM, Samsung, kunye nantoni na ...
Kwakhona, ukuba ucinga njalo, awusoze uphoxeke xa besenza into ongavumelani nayo. Ukuqiqa emva kwenkuthazo yabo kuhlala kulula: 'Ngale nto bakwazile ukonyusa ixabiso lezenzo zabo'. Kuko konke. Konke ukugwetyelwa okudingayo. Kungenxa yoko le nto kufuneka zilawulwe de kube sekufeni. Ngapha koko, andicingi ukuba nayiphi na inkampani kufuneka izivumele ukuba ikhule kwaye iqokelele amandla amaninzi njengeMicrosoft, Google, Apple, Amazon ...
LxW: Ewe ngelishwa abalawuli bezabelo balawula, ndibone iinkampani ezininzi zitshintsha ikhosi nokuba indleko yokudlula kubasebenzi okanye iinjineli zabo kuba imali iye kwelinye icandelo. Umzekelo, ndikhumbula malunga ne-AMD, xa abanini zabelo bebona intengiso enokubakho yamandla asezantsi kunye nezixhobo eziphathwayo kwaye bafuna ukubingelela ukusebenza ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kwaye kwabakho ukungxama kweenjineli zesikolo esidala. Kwaye oko kubangele ukuba inkampani iguqe phambi kwe-Intel kude kufike ukufika kweZen, xa befumene igcuntswana elilungileyo labayili bezakhiwo. Kodwa ndiyazibuza ukuba yeyiphi eza kuqala, inkukhu okanye iqanda? Ndiyathetha, ukuze aba baxhamli bahambe, kufuneka kubekho i-carrot phambi kwabo ebakhuthaza ukuba benze njalo ... USteve Jobs wayengumlingo kule nto, eyenza imfuno kwaye uyixhaphaze ...
PB: Mntu, ukuvelisa isidingo yinto ephikisanayo ngokwemiqathango, akunjalo? Andifuni ukufumana ifilosofi, kodwa ukuba ne-iPad ayisiyomfuneko.
LxW: Ewe, kodwa bakwenza ukholelwe ukuba ukuba awunayo, awuyonto "epholileyo." Ngapha koko, zininzi izikolo ezifuna ukuba abafundi bazo basebenze nee-iPads hayi ngayo nayiphi na ithebhulethi, banyanzela abazali ukuba benze imali eninzi ngazo zonke ezinye izinto ezibandakanya ... Ukuba uphethe ithebhulethi ye-Android, uya kuthi yiba ngumnqa weklasi okanye ngekhe ukwazi ukusebenza, oku kululwaphulo-mthetho nje. Ngaphandle koko ukuba uyakuqhela oko, uyakufuna loo nto ... Kukwakhona izifundo ezithi i-iPhone iye yaba yenye yezalathi zenqanaba loqoqosho lwangoku. Kwaye abantu bazibulala ngenxa yabo ...
PB: … Isoftware yasimahla inokusebenzisa kancinci kwinto… er… ubuhle. Kwaye abantu bacinga ukuba ukufaka iArch okanye iDebian kukuba yinkosi. Ngu…
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- ESET
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- UChema Alonso
- ULuis Ivan Cuende
- UMikel waseMKElectronica
- Okungakumbi okuzayo ... hlala ubukele i-LxA !!
Enkosi kakhulu ngayo yonke into uPaul, uyolo… Ndiyathemba ukuba abafundi bayifumene le ndlebe inomdla. Ungalibali ukushiya ifayile yakho ye- izimvo.
Inika umdla kakhulu. Enkosi