Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-Frontier, ikhompuyutha eshesha kakhulu emhlabeni

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, umlingani wami u-Darkcrizt tfuthi wabala ohlwini lwamakhompyutha asheshayo emhlabeni. Kulesi sihloko ngizokutshela mayelana nezici zekhompiyutha yokuqala ohlwini, lapho i-United States iphinda ithola ubuholi embonini yekhompyutha.

Ngibhekise kuFrontier, eyakhiwa ngokusemthethweni i-Oak Ridge National Laboratories yoMnyango Wezamandla wase-US. Ngithi ngokusemthethweni kuphela ngoba kungaba yivelakancane ukuthi bachithe amandla aleyo mishini ukuze bayisebenzisele impi, kodwa ningangilaleli. Namuhla ngifake isigqoko se-aluminium

Funda kabanzi mayelana no Frontier

Ukuze siqonde okulandelayo esihlokweni, ake siqale ngokuchaza amagama athile:

I-FLOPS: Isifinyezo sesiNgisi se-Floating Point Operations ngomzuzwana.

Igama Lokufinyeza Inani
I-kiloFLOPS kFLOPS 10³
I-MegaFLOPS MFLOPS 10⁶
I-GigaFLOPS GFLOPS 10⁹
I-TeraFLOPS TFLOPS 10¹²
I-PetaFLOPS FLOPS 10¹⁵
ExaFLOPS EFLOPS 10¹⁸
I-ZettaFLOPS ZFLOPS 10²¹
I-YottaFLOPS YFLOPS 10²⁴

Njengoba sibona, i-exaflop ilingana nokusebenza kwe-trillion ngomzuzwana.

Okuholele ekutheni uMnyango Wezamandla i-Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Frontier supercomputer ikleliswe phezulu njengekhompyutha eshesha kakhulu emhlabeni ohlelweni lwama-500 ohlwini lwe-TOPXNUMX. kwaba ukusebenza kwayo kwe-1,1 exaflops. Uhlelo lweFrontier lwehla emlandweni njenge eyokuqala ukufinyelela ezingeni elingafinyeleleki kuze kube manje lokusebenza kwekhompuyutha elaziwa ngokuthi i-exascale, sikhuluma ngomkhawulo wezibalo ze-quintillion ngomzuzwana.

Nokho, abathuthukisi bayo baya phambili. I-Frontier ifaka i-throughput ephezulu yethiyori yama-exaflops angu-2, noma izibalo zama-quintillion amabili ngomzuzwana, okusho ukuthi amandla ekhompuyutha aphindwe kashumi kunawohlelo lweNgqungquthela nawo athuthukiswe yi-Oak Ridge National Laboratories. Lolu hlelo luzokwenza ososayensi bakwazi ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obusebenza ezindabeni zezwe zamandla, ezomnotho kanye nezokuphepha kuzwelonke, lusize abacwaningi ukuthi babhekane nezinkinga obekungasoze kwakwazi ukuzixazulula eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.

Ekhuluma nabezindaba, uThomas Zacharia, umqondisi we-ORNL, ubengathobile neze:

I-Frontier ingenisa inkathi entsha ye-exascale computing ukuze kuxazululwe izinselele ezinkulu zomhlaba zesayensi.

Lesi senzakalo esiyingqopha-mlando sinikeza ukubuka kuqala kwekhono elingenakuqhathaniswa le-Frontier njengethuluzi lokutholwa kwesayensi. Kungumphumela wokubambisana okungaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi phakathi kwamalabhorethri kazwelonke, izifundiswa, nezimboni ezizimele, okuhlanganisa i-DOE (United States Department of Energy) Exascale Computing Project, esebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza, ubuchwepheshe besofthiwe , ihadiwe, kanye nokuhlanganiswa okudingekayo ukuze qinisekisa umthelela nge-exascale.

Kepha okufeziwe nguFrontier akugcini ekusebenzeni.  Iphinde yabekwa endaweni yokuqala ohlwini lweGreen500, olukala ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo ze-supercomputing ezithengiswayo, ngokusebenza okungu-62,68 gigaflops ngewathi ngayinye. U-Frontier ufinyeze izilinganiso zaminyaka yonke ngendawo ephezulu esigabeni esisha, ikhompyutha enembayo, ekala ukusebenza ngamafomethi avame ukusetshenziselwa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, ngokusebenza kwama-exaflops angu-6,88.

Qalisa

Umsebenzi wokulethwa kwe-Frontier, ukufakwa kanye nokuhlola waqala phakathi nobhadane lwe-COVID-19. Bekudinga abantu abangaphezu kwe-100 abavela embonini kahulumeni nezimele okwakudingeka basebenze amahora angu-24 ngosuku emisebenzini esukela ekutholeni izigidi zezingxenye kuya ekuqinisekiseni ukulethwa kwezingxenye zesistimu ngesikhathi, okuhlanganisa ukufakwa ngokucophelela nokuhlola.74 HPE Cray EX supercomputer cabinets, kufaka phakathi ama-node anamandla e-AMD angaphezu kuka-9400 namamayela angu-90 wezintambo zenethiwekhi.

Izingxenye ze-Frontier

• I-Frontier inamakhabethe amakhulu angama-74 I-HPE Cray EX, eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukusekela ukusebenza nesikali se-supercomputing yesizukulwane esilandelayo.
• I-node ngayinye iqukethe i-EPYC™ processor kanye nama-accelerator amane e-AMD Instinct™, ngengqikithi yama-CPU angu-9400 nama-GPU angaphezu kuka-37 ohlelweni lonkana.
• I-HPE Slingshot, okuwukuphela kwendwangu ye-Ethernet esebenza kahle kakhulu emhlabeni eyenzelwe izixazululo ze-AI ne-HPC ubuchwepheshe, okuhlanganisa imisebenzi emikhulu nedinga idatha, ukubhekana nezidingo zesivinini esiphezulu nokulawula ukuminyana ukuze kugcinwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zisebenza kahle futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza.
• Isistimu engaphansi ye-HPE I/O. I-subsystem ye-I/O ifaka isendlalelo se-in-system yesitoreji kanye ne-Orion, isistimu yefayela eliwumgogodla ethuthukisiwe ye-Luster ephinde ibe isistimu yefayela efanayo enkulu kunazo zonke futhi eshesha kakhulu emhlabeni.