Ukushicilelwa kwe- Uhlelo lwama-59 lwezinga lamakhompyutha angama-500 asebenza kahle kakhulu umhlaba. Kuhlelo olusha, abayishumi abaphezulu bahlanganisa amaqoqo amasha amathathu, athole indawo yawo yokuqala, yesithathu neyeshumi.
Indawo yokuqala iye kuFrontier entsha, etholakala e-United States Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory. iqoqo inama-processor cores acishe abe izigidi ezingu-9 (AMD EPYC 64C 2GHz CPU, AMD Instinct MI250X Accelerator) futhi iletha ukusebenza kwama-petaflops angu-1102, cishe okuphindwe kathathu kunomholi wangaphambili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kaFrontier kuphansi ngo-30% kunomholi wangaphambili.
Iqoqo leFugaku laseJapan elakhiwe ngamaphrosesa e-ARM (158976 nodes esekelwe Fujitsu A64FX SoC, ifakwe 8.2-core 2,2GHz Armv48-A SVE CPU) waya endaweni yesibili. Iqoqo le-Fugaku lisingathwe e-RIKEN Institute for Physical and Chemical Research futhi lihlinzeka ngokusebenza kwama-petaflops angama-442. Uhlelo lokusebenza yiRed Hat Enterprise Linux.
Indawo yesithathu ithathwe yiqoqo elisha le-LUMI, ibanjwe e-European Supercomputing Centre (EuroHPC) e-Finland futhi inikeza ukusebenza kwama-petaflops angu-151. Iqoqo lisekelwe endaweni efanayo ye-HPE Cray EX235a njengomholi omusha ezingeni, kodwa ihlanganisa ama-processor cores ayisigidi esingu-1,1 (AMD EPYC 64C 2GHz, AMD Instinct MI250X accelerator, Slingshot-11 network). Le nkundla iphinde isetshenziswe ku-French cluster Adastra, ekleliswe endaweni ye-10 futhi inama-processor cores angama-319.000 (inani lokusebenza lama-petaflops angama-46).
Iqoqo Summit, isetshenziswe ngabakwa-IBM e-Oak Ridge National Laboratory (USA), iwele endaweni yesine. Iqoqo lisebenzisa i-Red Hat Enterprise Linux, ihlanganisa ama-processor cores ayizigidi ezingu-2,4 (esebenzisa ama-9-core IBM Power22 3,07C 22 GHz CPUs nama-accelerator e-NVIDIA Tesla V100), ehlinzeka ngama-petaflops angu-148 okusebenza.
Ngokuqondene nama-supercomputers asekhaya, amaqembu I-Chervonenkis, i-Galushkin ne-Lyapunov eyakhiwe yi-Yandex yawa kusukela endaweni ye-19, 36 kanye ne-40 ezindaweni 22, 40 kanye 43. Lawa maqoqo aklanyelwe ukuxazulula izinkinga zokufunda komshini futhi anikeze ukusebenza kwe-21,5, 16, kanye ne-12,8 petaflops, ngokulandelanayo. Amaqoqo asebenzisa i-Ubuntu 16.04 futhi afakwe ama-AMD EPYC 7xxx processors kanye nama-NVIDIA A100 GPUs: Iqoqo le-Chervonenkis linamanodi angu-199 (193K AMD EPYC 7702 64C 2GH cores kanye ne-1592 NVIDIA A100 80GHkin 136 GPUs 134G7702 nodes 64 kanye nama-2 NVIDIA A1088 100G GPUs), Lyapunov – 80 nodes (137 izinkulungwane AMD EPYC 130 7662C 64GHz cores kanye 2 NVIDIA A1096 100G GPUs).
Iqoqo lika-Christofari Neo elisetshenziswe yi-Sberbank liwile lisuka endaweni yesi-43 laya endaweni yesi-46. U-Christofari Neo usebenzisa i-NVIDIA DGX OS 5 (Ubuntu Edition) futhi unikeza ama-petaflops angu-11,9 okusebenza. Iqoqo linama-cores angaphezu kuka-98k asekelwe ku-AMD EPYC 7742 64C 2.25GHz CPU futhi liza ne-NVIDIA A100 80GB GPU. Iqembu lesibili le-Sberbank (Christofari) likhuphuke lisuka ku-72 laya endaweni ye-80 endaweni yezinga phakathi nonyaka.
Izitayela ezithakazelisa kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo. Ukusatshalaliswa ngenombolo yamakhompyutha amakhulu emazweni ahlukene:
- I-China: 173 (173 - isigamu sonyaka odlule). Sekukonke, amaqoqo aseShayina akhiqiza u-12% wawo wonke umkhiqizo (ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule, 17,5%)
- E-USA: 127 (149). Ukusebenza okuphelele kulinganiselwa ku-47,3% wesamba sokusebenza kokulinganisa (ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule - 32,5%)
- Japan: 34 (32). Ukukhiqiza okuphelele - 14,3%
- EJalimane: 31 (26). Ukukhiqiza Sekukonke - 11,5%
- EFrance: 22 (19)
- I-Canada 14 (11)
- I-UK: 12 (11)
- I-Russia 7 (7)
- ENetherlands: 6 (11)
- I-Italy: 6 (6)
- I-Brazil 6 (5)
- I-South Korea 6 (7)
- I-Saudi Arabia 6 (6)
- I-Poland 5 (4)
- I-Australia 5 (3)
- I-Sweden 5 (4)
- I-Switzerland 4 (3)
- E-Finland: 4 (3).
Esilinganisweni sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisetshenziswa kuma-supercomputers, i-Linux kuphela ebambe eyayo iminyaka emihlanu:
- Ama-47,8% (51,6%) awanikezi imininingwane yokusabalalisa
- I-18.2% (18%) isebenzisa i-CentOS
I-8,8% (7,6%) - RHEL - 8% (7%) CrayLinux
- 5,2% (5,4%) - Ubuntu
- 3,8% (4%) – SUSE
- 0.8% (0%) - Alma Linux
- 0,6% (0%) - I-RockyLinux
- 0,2% (0,2%) - Isayensi yeLinux
Ubuncane bomkhawulo wokusebenza ukuze ungene ku-Top500 awukashintshi izinyanga eziyisi-6 futhi yi-1,65 petaflops (ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ezedlule, amaqoqo angu-56 abonise ukusebenza kwe-1,65 petaflops, manje - 20). Eminyakeni emithathu edlule amaqoqo angama-272 kuphela abonisa ukusebenza kuma-petaflops, eminyakeni emine edlule 138, eminyakeni emihlanu edlule 94). Ku-Top100, umkhawulo wokungena ukhuphuke ukusuka ku-4,78 kuya ku-5,39 petaflops;
isivuno jikelele yazo zonke izinhlelo ezisesilinganisweni linyuke lisuka ku-3,04 laya ku-4,40 ama-exaflops ezinyangeni ezingu-6 (eminyakeni emibili edlule bekuyi-1,650 exaflops futhi eminyakeni emihlanu edlule bekungama-petaflops angama-566). Uhlelo oluvala izinga lamanje lubekwe endaweni yama-464 kumagazini wokugcina.
Inguqulo entsha yesinye isilinganiso se-Graph 500 yamasistimu eqoqo kulindeleke ukuthi ikhishwe maduze nje. Izilinganiso ze-Green500, HPCG (High-Performance Conjugate Gradient) kanye ne-HPL-AI zihlanganiswa ne-Top500 futhi ziboniswa kuzinga eliphezulu le-Top500.
Ekugcineni, uma unentshisekelo yokwazi kabanzi ngakho, ungaxhumana nemininingwane Kulesi sixhumanisi esilandelayo.