Zonke iimfihlelo zoxinzelelo kwi-GNU / Linux

Sibuyela kwingxaki yesiqhelo ethi ibe lulutho kwabaninzi Abasebenzisi be-GNU / Linux abaphambili kwaye linani elikhulu lezinye iindlela okanye amathuba akhoyo. Oku kwabangenamava kunokuba yingxaki xa ungazi kakuhle ukuba yeyiphi oyikhethayo, kodwa njengoko ndisitsho, ukuba namathuba amaninzi okanye ubhetyebhetye akusoze kube yinto embi, ngokuchaseneyo. Kule meko siza kuthetha ngefayile ye- ucinezelo kunye nokudodobala ubuchule kunye neenkqubo ezikhoyo kwiqonga lethu esizithandayo ukuze uzibone ngokwahlukileyo hayi njengobundlongondlongo obukhulu ngokungazi ukuba loluphi olona khetho lufanelekileyo kwimeko yakho ...

Inyani yile yokuba akukho zixhobo zisetyenzisiweyo njengetar apho sinokuthi senze khona iipakeji ezinokongezwa olunye uhlobo loxinzelelo njengoko siqhele ukubona ii-tarballs ezidumileyo esele sithethile ngayo I-LxA kwizihlandlo ezininzi. Siza kuphinda sifumane ukwahluka kwezixhobo ezingenamsebenzi neziqhelekileyo ezinje nge-grep yokukhangela ngaphakathi kweefayile ezixineneyo ezinje nge-bzfgrep, okanye ezinye ezinje ngokuncinci nangaphezulu ezinezinto zazo ezahlukeneyo zeefayile ezixineneyo ezifana ne-bzless kunye ne-bzmore. Ukubabona bonke kufuneka sijonge kwimveliso yalo myalelo ulandelayo:

apropos compress

Iialgorithms kunye novavanyo:

Phakathi kwazo zonke izilungelelwaniso Ukulahleka okungafunekiyo okukhoyo kwiLinux ukunyanzela kunye nokudibanisa idatha sinokhetho oluninzi. Ukufumana ubungqina bexesha elithathayo ukunyanzelisa enye okanye enye i-algorithm yoxinzelelo okanye kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuyicinezela, ndicebisa ukuba wenze iimvavanyo ngokwakho. Ungawusebenzisa ixesha lokuyalela loo nto, eya kukunika ixesha elithathiweyo lokucinezelwa kunye nenkqubo yoxinzelelo. Umzekelo, ukuba uza kusebenzisa isixhobo se-zip ukucofa ifayile ebizwa ngokuba luvavanyo:

time zip prueba.zip prueba

Ingalahla ixesha elisetyenzisiweyo, kodwa ukuba ufuna ukubona ubungakanani befayile evelisiweyoUngazama ukunyanzela ifayile enye ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokulungisa kunye nezixhobo zoxinzelelo kwaye xa unazo zonke iifayile ezixineneyo kulawulo olunomyalelo olula kuluhlu, jonga ubungakanani benye nganye:

ls -l

Ukuba ukhetha, ungasebenzisa ezinye izixhobo ukuthelekisa iifayile ezixineneyo, umzekelo kunye nezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo zesixhobo sed:

xzdiff [opciones] fichero1 fichero2

lzdiff [opciones] fichero 1 fichero2

Ukuba ufuna ukubona iigrafu kubungakanani nakwisantya se-algorithms, ungandwendwela eli elinye ikhonkco.

Izixhobo zokucinezela:

Ewe izixhobo ezikhoyo Zininzi zazo, ezinye zinomfanekiso obonakalayo wee-newbies kwaye kuya kufuneka sijongane ne-GUI elula kwaye enomdla ukwenza uxinzelelo kunye nokudibanisa okunje ngePeaZip, okanye i-7zip, njl. Ngokukodwa, eyokuqala iyakwazi ukusebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi ngaphezulu kwe-180 yazo. Kodwa ukuba ungomnye wabo basathanda ukusebenza nesiphelo, uya kuba nenani elikhulu lezixhobo owaziyo ngokuqinisekileyo:

• zip kwaye unzip: lukhetho olufanelekileyo ukuba into oyifunayo ziifayile eziphathwayo kwezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza, kuba uya kufumana izixhobo zokusebenza kwezi fayile kwiinkqubo zikaMicrosoft yeWindows nakwimacOS nakwabanye. Umzekelo, ukunyanzela ifayile okanye isikhombisi esinegama kuvavanyo kwaye emva koko usinciphise:

zip prueba.zip prueba

unzip prueba.zip

• gzip: Yeyona ilungileyo ukuba into oyifunayo kukuphatheka ngokulula phakathi kweenkqubo zokusebenza ze-Unix / Linux. Mhlawumbi izinga lokucinezelwa liphantse lafana ne-zip, mhlawumbi ngcono kancinci, kodwa awuyi kufumana umohluko omkhulu kubungakanani befayile phantsi kwe-zip okanye i-gzip. Ukucinezela kunye nokudodobalisa ngesi sixhobo singasebenzisa iindlela ezimbini kwimeko yoxinzelelo kwaye bakhetha -ukukhetha, ngokuthe ngqo besebenzisa i-alias gunzip:

gzip prueba

gzip -d prueba.gz

gunzip prueba.gz

• bzip2: Njengangaphambili, le algorithm ikhoyo kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokusebenza ze-Unix / Linux, nangona izakuthatha ixesha elincinci kwinkqubo yoxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo kunakwimeko ye-gzip. Kule meko, ukulibaziseka ngekhe kuguqulele kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokucinezelwa njengakwimeko ye-xz, kuba iifayile ezixinzelelweyo phantsi kwe-bzip2 ziya kuhlala ngaphezulu kwe-gzip. Kungenxa yoko le nto kucetyiswa ukuthintela i-bzip2 kwaye ukhethe i-xz okanye i-gzip endaweni yoko. Nangona yonke into izakuxhomekeka kancinane kuhlobo lwefayile ozama ukuyicinezela ... Umzekelo:

bzip2 prueba

bzip2 -d prueba.bz2

• xz: Yifomathi ekhethiweyo yeesayizi ezinkulu zefayile, njengoko inika awona manqanaba aphezulu oxinzelelo, kodwa kuyinyani ukuba kuya kuthatha ixesha elide ukugqiba uxinzelelo okanye uxinzelelo. Intsha kakhulu kunangaphambili, ngenxa yoko unokuzifumana uneedistros zakudala okanye iinkqubo ezindala zeUnix ezingenaso isixhobo sale. Imizekelo:

xz prueba

xz -d prueba.xz

• unrar kunye rarSingasebenza kunye neefomathi zeRAR kwiLinux ngenxa yezi zixhobo, nangona ingathandwa kwimeko yeenkqubo ze-nix njengangaphambili ... Kule meko sinokukhetha:

rar a prueba.rar prueba

unrar e prueba.rar

• compress kwaye uncompress: Kwaye nangona ukusetyenziswa kwecompress kuyalahleka kwaye kungathandwa njengangaphambili, andifuni ukusijonga esi sixhobo nokuba. Isetyenziselwa ukunyanzela iifayile ngolwandiso lweZ. Umzekelo:

compress -v prueba

uncompress prueba.Z

Ukuba ufuna ukusebenza ngokuthe ngqo nge Isixhobo setelaUnokupakisha kwaye ucinezele iifayile ngaxeshanye, kunye nokuzikhupha kunye nokuzidibanisa. Kule meko sinokudlulisa ukhetho lohlobo lwealgorithm oza kulusebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-tar. Kodwa kuqala kwinto yonke kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba ngokhetho c senza ipakeji kwaye ngokhetho x siyikhuphe. Umzekelo:

tar czvf prueba.tar.gz prueba

tar xzvf prueba.tar.gz

Njengoko ubona sisebenzise ukhetho zvf eziza kubonisa uhlobo loxinzelelo lwe-algorithm z (kule gzip), v kwimo yesenzi enika ulwazi malunga nento eyenzayo, kunye f ukubonisa ifayile ezakusebenza nayo ... Ewe, ukuba siyayitshintsha loo nto z ngolunye unobumba oluhambelana nolunye uhlobo lwealgorithm esinokuthi silutshintshe uhlobo loxinzelelo olusetyenziswe kwibhola yetarball:

* Ewe yonke imiyalelo yangaphambili inokhetho olunomdla endikumema ukuba ufumanise usebenzisa umntu, ezinye ziyimfuneko njengokuphindaphinda, njl.

Ungalibali shiya izimvo zakho...