Iqela le abaphandi abavela kwiZiko laseWorcester Polytechnic (I-USA) kunye neYunivesithi yaseLübeck (Jemani) ityhile iinkcukacha zolu hlaselo lutsha "SPOILER" Kwindlela yokusebenza yokuqikelela kwiiprosesa.
Uhlaselo icacile kwiiprosesa ze-Intel kwaye ayizibonakalisi kwii-CPU ze-AMD kunye nee-ARM. Inkqubo yokuhlaselwa ecetywayo ivumela ukumisela ukubonakaliswa kweedilesi ezibonakalayo kwimemori ebonakalayo, evumela ukuba inyuse ngokubonakalayo ukusebenza kokuhlaselwa okwaziwayo kwinqanaba eliphantsi ezisebenzisa ubeko lwamaphepha kwimemori ebonakalayo.
Yintoni u-SPOILER?
Como Isikhuseli sokubhala sinokuchaphazela idatha efakwe kwisikhuseli sokufunda (umzekelo, xa umsebenzi ongagqitywanga wokubhala unokuchaphazela idatha eqikelelweyo yokufunda), ngaphambi kokwenza Umsebenzi ofundwayo, ukuxhomekeka kwimisebenzi yokubhala yangaphambili kuyahlaziywa.
Kwimeko yeentlangano, umsebenzi wokufunda ocingelwayo ilahliwe kwaye imixholo yeselfowuni iyahlaziywa ngedatha efanelekileyo.
Ingxaki kukuba kunokwenzeka ukuvavanya ngokupheleleyo ukuxhomekeka kokusebenza kokubhala kuphela emva kokufumana ulwazi malunga nedilesi yendawo epheleleyo, ke kungqinisiso oluyinxalenye kuphela olusekwe kulwazi olungaphelelanga lwedilesi olwenziwa ngexesha lokufunda kwangaphambili.
Ukuxhaphaza okunjalo kubangela ukulibaziseka kwimeko yokujongana nedilesi ebonakalayo, ukubonakala kwayo kunokulandelwa.
Usebenzisa i-rdtscp kunye nemiyalelo ye-mfence, unokuqinisekisa ukuba i-buffer yokubhala igcwele iidilesi ezinento efanayo, kodwa kumaphepha eememori ahlukeneyo.
Kwakhona, xa uhlalutya ukulibaziseka ekufikeleleni kwimemori yeendawo ezinamaphepha afanayo kodwa kumaphepha eememori ahlukeneyo, Umhlaseli unokubona ukuxhomekeka kokungaziphathi kwindawo yokugcina imemori eyalelweyo kwaye amisele ubeko lwamaphepha ememori ebonakalayo.
I-SPOILER ikwancedakala nolunye uhlaselo
Ngokwabaphandi, Inkqubo ye-SPOILER ivumela i-Prime + Probe attack ukuba ikhawulezise uhlaselo lokumisela umxholo wenkumbulo ngokuhlalutya imeko yecache processor kumatyeli angama-4096.
Le ndlela iyasebenza ukumisela amaphepha ememori abelwe elinye emva kwelinye, elithi ivumela ukwandisa ukusebenza ukusuka kuhlaselo lweRowHammer, isetyenziselwe ukukhetha ukutshintsha umxholo wememori kwezinye iinkqubo, ukuya kwi-100%.
Oku kubandakanya amandla okuphumeza okunjalo uhlaselo oluvela koomatshini ababonakalayo, umzekelo, usebenzisa ikhowudi yeJavaScript eqhuba kwisikhangeli, ngaphandle kwamanyathelo athathwe ngaphambili kwizikhangeli ukunciphisa umda wokuchana kwexesha.
Amanyathelo okhuseleko enzelwe iSpecter awaluthinteli uhlaselo lwe-SPOILER. Uhlaselo lweklasi yesigcini sisebenzisa ukwenziwa kokuyalelwa komntu ngamnye, iziphumo zazo zilahliwe yiprosesa emva kokumisela ukubikezela okungaphumelelanga, kodwa umkhondo wokuphunyezwa ubekwe kwindawo yokugcina izinto ezifanayo.
Inkqubo I-SPOILER ibandakanya indlela yokulayisha kwakhona imixholo yememori kwiirejista zeprosesa.
Ukunxibelelana nenkumbulo kwiprosesa, i-buffer yi-Memory Order Buffer (MOB), efaka izixhobo ezimbini zokujikeleza, enye ukubhala idatha kwiirejista ukuya kwimemori kwaye enye ukuba ifundwe kwimemori ukuya kwimemori.
Isikhuseli sokubhala sihlala sihlanjululwa ngokulandelelana kwemiyalelo, kwaye i-buffer efundwayo ivumela ukulayishwa okusebenzayo kwedatha kwi-cache, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuvumelanisa nebhali yokubhala kwaye ujonge kuphela ukuxhomekeka.
Ingxaki ibonakele ukusukela kwisizukulwana sokuqala seeprosesa ze-Intel Core.
Iiprosesa ze-AMD kunye ne-ARM zisebenzisa i-logic eyahlukeneyo yokwenza inkqubo yokufikelela kwinkumbulo ngokulandelelana, ke ayichaphazeleka yingxaki.
I-Intel yaziswa ngobungozi kwiinyanga ezi-3 ezidlulileyo, kodwa akukho zilungiso zicetywayo okwangoku.
Umthombo: ariviv.org
Kuya kufuneka ujonge ukukhula kweendaba kwezi ntsuku ... ngaxa lithile ndiye ndakhankanya kwiforum, umnqweno ongalawulekiyo kumzi mveliso wokuvelisa izixhobo (kubandakanya iipheripherali kunye nezixhobo zasendlini, umzekelo, ii-5K zeTV sele zenziwe xa Uninzi lomzi mveliso wokuvelisa umxholo awufikeleli kwi-HD kwaye i-4K incinci kakhulu) ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingekhoyo nje ukugcwalisa iipokotho zakho, ivelisa iimpazamo ezininzi zoyilo. Bathengisa iimveliso ezininzi njengokuphambana. Ityala leSpecter kunye neMeltdown kuphela kwincam yentaba, kufanele ukuba kubekho iingxaki ezininzi kulwakhiwo esingazaziyo, kwaye sipholile ngeminwe abanye abantu phaya abangakhange bayifumane okwangoku. Kwaye ezi zezona zinganyanzelekanga, kuyakufuneka ukuba sizibone iinyani ngenjongo, i-Intel kufuneka nayo igutyungelwe kakuhle ukuze ingene ebomini bethu
Amen kwezimvo zingasentla.
Kum kungenxa yenjongo, inqanaba loyilo kunye nenqanaba lobukrelekrele eliyimfuneko ekuphuhliseni uyilo lwee-microprocessors, ibonisa kum ukuba azinakuba ziinjineli eziphuculweyo ... ngokuchaseneyo ... kubahlekazi bam, ayizompazamo zoyilo , endaweni yoyilo lweempawu.
Ayinakucaciswa kuba yi-Intel kuphela echaphazelekayo kuninzi lwayo kwaye ezinye iinkampani azikho ... ngaphandle kokuba, ewe, ukuba ezinye iinkampani zikrelekrele ngakumbi kwaye zinendlela zokuhlola ezingacacanga.
Umntu unjalo, le nto isibonisa indlela uninzi lwabantu oluyiyo ngenene.