Iqela labaphandi abavela kwiDyunivesithi yasimahla yaseAmsterdam liphuhlise ingxelo entsha yohlaselo lweRowHammer, evumela umxholo wento nganye ukuba itshintshwe kwimemori esekwe kwiitshipsi zeDRAM, ukukhusela ukuthembeka kweekhowudi zokulungisa iimpazamo (ECC) ezisetyenzisiweyo.
Olu hlaselo lunokwenziwa kude kunye nongenalo ilungelo lokufikelela kwinkquboNjengokuba ubungozi beRowHammer bunokuwuphazamisa umxholo weebhit kwimemori ngokufunda ngokujikeleza idatha kwiiseli zememori ezingabamelwane.
Yintoni ubungozi beRowHammer?
Lichaza ntoni iqela labaphandi malunga nokuba sesichengeni kweRowHammer, kukuba le se isekwe kubume bememori yeDRAM, kuba ngokusisiseko le yimatrix enezinto ezimbini ezineseli nganye kwezi iiseli ine-capacitor kunye ne-transistor.
Yiyo loo nto ukufundwa okuqhubekayo kwendawo yememori efanayo kukhokelela kukuguquguquka kwamandla kunye nokungafaniyo okubangela ilahleko encinci yentlawulo kwiiseli ezingabamelwane.
Ukuba ubungakanani bokufunda bukhulu ngokwaneleyo, iseli inokuphulukana nesixa esikhulu ngokwaneleyo kwaye umjikelo wokuphinda uzalwe ngokutsha awuyi kuba nexesha lokubuyisela imeko yentsusa, okukhokelela kutshintsho kwixabiso ledatha egciniweyo kwiseli.
Umahluko omtsha weRowHammer
Kuze kube ngoku, ukusebenzisa i-ECC kwathathelwa ingqalelo njengeyona ndlela inokuthenjwa yokukhusela kwiingxaki ezichazwe apha ngasentla.
Kodwa Abaphandi baphumelele ekuphuhliseni indlela yokutshintsha iinkumbulo ezichaziweyo engakhange isebenze indlela yokulungisa impazamo.
Indlela Ingasetyenziselwa kwiiseva ezinememori ye-ECC ukulungisa idatha, Buyisela ikhowudi enobungozi kwaye utshintshe amalungelo okufikelela.
Umzekelo, kuhlaselo lweRowHammer luboniswe ngentla, xa umhlaseli efikelela kumatshini obonakalayo, uhlaziyo lwenkqubo ekhohlakeleyo lwalukhutshelwa ngotshintsho kwigama lenginginya inkqubo yokukhuphela kunye nokuguqula umgaqo wokuqinisekisa wegama lomninimzi.
Usebenza njani lo mahluko mtsha?
Oko bacacisa abaphandi malunga Olu hlaselo lutsha kukuba ukuhamba kwe-ECC kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zokulungiswa kwempazamo-Ukuba itshintshiwe enye, i-ECC iya kuyilungisa impazamo, ukuba kuphakanyiswe amasuntswana amabini, kuya kulahlwa ngaphandle kwaye inkqubo inyanzeliswe, kodwa ukuba zitshintshiwe ngaxeshanye, i-ECC ayinakuqaphela ukuguqulwa.
Ukuchonga iimeko ezingasebenzi phantsi kwazo ukuqinisekiswa kwe-ECC, Indlela yokuqinisekisa efanayo naleyo yomdyarho iphuhlisiwe evumela ukuba ukubakho kohlaselo kuvavanywe kwidilesi ethile kwimemori.
Le ndlela isekwe kwinto yokuba, xa kulungiswa impazamo, ixesha lokufunda liyonyuka kwaye ukulibaziseka okubangelwa yinto enokulinganiswa kwaye iyaqapheleka.
Uhlaselo luyacuthwa kwimizamo elandelanayo yokutshintsha into nganye nganye, ukumisela impumelelo yotshintsho ngokubonakala kokulibaziseka okubangelwe kukuseta kwe-ECC.
Ke ngoko, ukukhangela amagama ngomatshini kwenziwa ngeendlela ezintathu eziguquguqukayo. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba ezi zinto zintathu zinokutshintshwa kwiindawo ezimbini zahlukile, kwaye ke uzame ukutshintsha ixabiso lazo kwelinye ipasi.
Malunga nedemo
Los Abaphandi babonisa ngempumelelo ukubakho kokuhlaselwa kweeseva ezine ezahlukeneyo ezinememori ye-DDR3 .
En Umboniso ubonakalisa ukuba ukufumana indibaniselwano efunekayo yamabhithi kwilebhu kwiseva engasebenziyo kuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-32.
Ukwenza uhlaselo kwiseva ebalekayo kunzima ngakumbi ngenxa yokubakho kongenelelo oluvela kwimisebenzi yesicelo.
Kwiinkqubo zemveliso, kunokuthatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiveki ukufumana indibaniselwano efunekayo yezinto ezingaguquguqukiyo.