Tinozvibvunza isu nevaverengi kuti chii chinonzi Ubuntu chitsva?
Kwenguva refu, Ubuntu ndiyo yaive kugovera iyo vazhinji vedu taikurudzira pakuraira avo vanoda kutanga pachikuva. Chokwadi, pakanga paine vamwe vavengi vakaita saDracula kune gariki. Asi, kazhinji, kubvumirana kwaivapo.
Kubva pakatangwa Unity pano, sarudzo dzakasiyana siyana neCanonical dzakatamisa Ubuntu kure nezvinodiwa nemushandisi uye, kunyangwe ichiramba ichichengetedza mukurumbira wayo, haiwanzo kuoneka kazhinji mumazita eanokurudzirwa distros kune vanotanga.
Ndosaka zvakauya kwandiri kuti ndizvibvunze ini nevaverengi. Chii chinonzi Ubuntu chitsva? Ndiko kuti, ndeipi kugovera kwaunofunga kuti ndiyo inonyanya kukurudzirwa kune vashandisi vatsva. Fomu remhinduro riri kwauri.
Ndeipi kugovera iyo Ubuntu hutsva?
Pasina kutaura chero kurongeka kwekuda, iyi ndiyo rondedzero yangu:
Ubuntu
La 22.04 version kubva Ubuntu zvinobudirira yakanyatsobatanidzwa neiyo GNOME desktop, iyo pachayo yakasvika padanho rekukura neshanduro 40 yebazi re3. Chokwadi, vashandisi vane ruzivo vanogona kuramba pazvisarudzo senge kugadzira Snap iyo default fomati ye pre-yakaiswa zvirongwa seFirefox, asi vashandisi venovice havaone mutsauko.
Iyo yekuisa ndiyo ichiri nyore kwazvo munyika yeLinux, kugadzira gadziriro yehuviri bhutsu neWindows pasina matambudziko makuru uye, chokwadi chakakosha, mazhinji ezvidzidzo zviripo zvinobva paUbuntu.
Manjaro Linux
Dai ndisina kuita zvehupenyu kugadzira zvemukati, izvi zvingadaro kugoverwa kwangu musoro. Iyo ine iri nyore kwazvo kunzwisisa yekuisa uye ine yakafara software base kwete chete nekuti yakavakirwa paArch Linux asiwo nekuti ine yekufambisa tsigiro yeiyo Snap uye Flatpak package mafomati.
Manjaro inotipa sarudzo yekuisa madhiraivha emidziyo yedu uye macodecs anodiwa kutamba multimedia zvemukati. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinotitendera kukanganwa nezvekudzoreredza mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega sezvo ichishanda neRolling Release modhi yekuenderera mberi nekuvandudza.
KDE Neon
Pakati pekugovera kune mukana wekuve iyo itsva Ubuntu, pasina kupokana kune ayo akavakirwa paUbuntu asiri pasi pekutonga kweCanonical.
KDE Neon ndizvo zvichibva pane yakagadzikana vhezheni yeUbuntu, asi inosanganisira yazvino software inoburitswa kubva kuKD chirongwaE. Pamwe haifanire kunge iri pane iyi runyorwa, sezvo ichingofarira KDE software, asi kune rumwe rutivi izvi zvinoita kuti zvinhu zvive nyore kune vashandisi vatsva vasingafanire kukanganisa nekusiyana kwesarudzo.
Pop! _OS
Pakutanga yakagadzirwa nemugadziri wekombuta kumichina yavo yeLinux, yakavakirwa paUbuntu uye inouya neyakajairwa vhezheni yeGNOME ine yayo maficha.
Pop! _OS inopa kukurumidza kufamba, kurongeka kuri nyore kwenzvimbo yebasa, uye yakatsetseka uye yakasununguka mafambiro ebasa.
Elementary OS
kumwe kugovera zvichibva paUbuntu. Asi, ine yayo yega desktop nharaunda iyo yakati yeuchidza macOS.
Iyo haiuye neakawanda pre-yakaiswa maapplication, asi kubva kune yayo application maneja, vashandisi vanogona kudhawunirodha zvese zvavanoda. Dzakawanda dzadzo dzakagadziridzwa kuti dzikwane kutaridzika kweiyo inoshanda sisitimu.
Linux mint
Iyi ndiyo yekutanga imwe nzira iyo munhu wese anofunga nezvayo paanobva kuUbuntu. Kunyangwe zvichibva pazviri, kwenguva yakareba vanga vachitevera nzira yavo iKusanganisira yayo desktop (Cinnamon) uye ecosystem yese yemashandisirwo akagadzirirwa kunyanya kugovera.
Pamusoro peCinnamon unogona kushandisa Mate desktop uye XFCE desktop. Ivo zvakare vane Debian-yakavakirwa kugovera.
Ndiri mutsva, ndoisa ipi?
Icho chinhu chinoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda. Zvimwe ndezvi:
- Hardware Zviwanikwa: Kana iwe uine yekare PC, chero yeapamusoro distros anoshandisa Mate kana LXQt desktop.
- Zvaunoda: Kana iwe uchitsvaga imwe Windows-yakafanana nedesktop, Cinnamon kana KDE desktops inogona kukupa imwe yakafanana chiitiko.
- Kusatya nhanho: Unoda chimwe chinhu kunze kwebhokisi kana chimwe chinhu chinoda kuti uongorore? Manjaro kana Ubuntu akusiira imwe nzira yekuita zvinhu nemaoko.
Ini ndinogara ndichipedzisira kudzokera kuLinux Mint Mate.
Ini ndingakurudzira Linux Mint neXfce kune vanotanga.
Easy kushandisa, yakagadzikana uye inoshanda zvinoshamisa.
Mhoro Diego, zvakanaka, ini ndinosarudza KDE Neon, inoita seinoyevedza, inogoneka uye inorongeka kwazvo, kutaura zvazviri ndiko kugovera kwangu. Uye iwe, unoshandisa ipi?
Excellent article. Kana mumwe munhu akataura nezveManjaro, kuri kuyedza kuiedza zvachose.
Asi kubuda munzvimbo yekunyaradza yeUbuntu kana Debian-based system kwakaoma.
Nezve Elementary, zvingave here kuti chirongwa chakasiiwa? Kunyangwe chirevo ichi chisiri chechokwadi, ndinofunga chipo chakanaka.
Ubuntu Studio
Nezve iwo distros amakaisa (Ubuntu, Linux Mint, ElementaryOS, nezvimwewo)… ko kana tikabaira zvishoma aesthetics kuti kugadzikana kukuru? Iyo yakanyanya kusimba kugovera ndeye, ndiko kuti, chimwe chinhu chiri pedyo neDebian Stable, uye mushandisi wekutanga anoona kuti mushure mekufamba kwemwedzi ane zero matambudziko, ndipo paachange asina mubvunzo kuti GNU Linux ndiyo yake yekushandisa system. Ndizvo zvakaitika kwandiri pandakaisa Lubuntu (tarisai kuti yakanga yakashata sei!)
Ini ndava neMX Linux kweanenge makore 4 ikozvino uye ZERO matambudziko.
Zvakanaka, zvakajeka, iyo itsva Ubuntu yanga iri Linux mint kwenguva yakareba, ini handisi kuona kupokana chero kupi zvako, kune mutsva ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka.
Senguva dzose, iyo yakanakisa yekugovera-inoshamwaridzika yekugovera yandinoziva (uye ndakaedza ese) haipo, uye ini handinzwisise kuti sei isingatariswe kune vashandisi vanouya kuGNU/Linux. Mageia mune chero yedesktop yako nharaunda inoshamisa, maererano nekuona hardware uye nyore kushandisa.
Zvizhinji zveizvo zvaunoratidza pano zvinoda imwe terminal yezvinhu, umo muMageia zvese zvinogona kuitwa zviri nyore uye zvakajeka. Chete Kudzora Center yainayo inoita chero yeaya akacheneruka kune akawanda magadzirirwo….
Ndine mubvunzo, chii chisipo kubva kuManjaro pakugadzira zvemukati?
Hapana
Asi Ubuntu Studio inouya isati yaiswa nezvose zvandinoda uye yakakosha kugadzirwa kwemultimedia.
Ndinofunga hauna kuyedza Fedora, zvikasadaro, ingave yekutanga pane iyo rondedzero.
Iyo ingori yakakwenenzverwa sisitimu, ndinoshinga kutaura kuti muGNU/Linux ndiyo yega kugovera inokwanisa kumira se (chaiyo) imwe nzira yeWindows kana MacOS.
Iyo haina chero kusawirirana, izvo zvisingagone kutaurwa kune kumwe kugovera pane iyo rondedzero:
-Ubuntu uye yakagadziridzwa GNOME nekusawirirana nekuda kweDash kuDock, nezvimwe. Nekugadzirisa GNOME, ine nzira yayo yekushanda, unongogadzira kusawirirana kwese kwese.
Wedzera iyo Snap crap uye yakajairwa Ubuntu zvikanganiso, senguva dzose XD.
- Manjaro, kuyedza kugadzirisa chimwe chinhu chakagadzirwa pasina kupokana kune vashandisi vepamberi (kutenderedza) kune vashandisi vatsva = mushure mekuvandudzwa… BREAK SYSTEM !!!!!!
Izvo hazvigoneke kune vashandisi vatsva (kana zvikwata zvekugadzira), vasingazozive zvekuita mumamiriro akadai.
Zvakare, ine tsikidzi dzakawanda, zvikanganiso zveshanduro, vanogadzirisa zvese zvavanobata (kugadzira kusawirirana kwekuona), yakazara nebloatware. Mukupedzisa, iyo unprofessional system.
Kunyara kuona kuti kune vanhu vanokurudzira Manjaro kune vashandisi vatsva kuLinux.
- KDE Neon nePop!_OS, kana vaine yavo yakanyatsokodzera. Asi inofanirwa (KDE Neon) kurega kuvimba neUbuntu uye yakananga kuDebian yakagadzikana uye Pop!_OS mukuyedzwa kweDebian.
Pane matani ezvikonzero zvekuchinja uku, semuenzaniso ramangwana iro Ubuntu anoda kuunza neayo distro (zvese (chaizvo) zvakazara muSnap)
-ElementaryOS, filler distro yakachengetedzwa nePantheon DE.
- Linux Mint, kugovera kukuru kumashure munguva. Kugadziridza, yekare.
Hongu ndakazviedza.
Chikonzero icho chisipo ndechekuti ini ndinowana iyo Anaconda installer ichivhiringa. Ditto kuisa mamwe marepositories.
Fedora haisi pane iyo rondedzero nekuti chinyorwa chiri nezve newbie distros uye Fedora yakakura distro, asi hapana padyo neiyo Ubuntu itsva. Kunovice haugone kukurudzira distro isina kugadzikana uye yakagadzikana uye mazhinji ese ari Ubuntu kana akavakirwa pairi. Fedora ndiyo yandinoda distro, asi tarisa kupi, kunyangwe iri yandinoda distro, ini handiishandise, sei? pamucheto webanga, inenge ichikunguruka, kunyangwe isingafanirwe kunge iri, asi iriko, nekuti ine hunyanzvi senge kana kuti inovandudza kupfuura arch. Arch breaks, fedora inoputsika. Uye iyo Ubuntus LTS haityoke, saka yakanakira a novice. Iwe haufanirwe kutengesa utsi kune vatsva, iwe unofanirwa kuenda nechokwadi pamberi pavo uye kana iwe ukaraira Fedora, ivo vachatiza, chimwe chinhu ndechekuti iwe unochifarira uye chimwe ndechekuve munhu anopenga uye kusaona chokwadi. , ndinoda Fedora, asi nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare ichaputsika, zvakafanana, ivo vanonyanya kutarisira pasuru uye vanoitora kunze kwemavhiki e2 gare gare kupfuura arch, nokuti vanoiongorora, asi ichiri kuputsa nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare. . Manjaro akandiregedza panguva iyoyo uye Fedora futi. Asi iyo Ubuntu LTS haina kumbondisiya pasi. Kana iwe uchida kuve wakawanda kana kushoma-kusvika-zuva uye usatyoke, Debian kuyedza zviri pachena kuti haisi yevachangotanga, kana kuyedzwa kana kugadzikana. Asi haityoke, bvunzo ine zita chete, iwo bvunzo mapakeji anotariswa zvakanyanya, iwo bvunzo mapakeji, zvakanyanya, anogona kukupa matambudziko madiki, asi zvakakomba kuti system yako haife yakapwanyika, nekuti iwo mapakeji ndiwo. kuti gare gare ivo vachaenda kune yakagadzikana shanduro, semuenzaniso mu arch kana muFedora iwe uchamhanya ne5.17 kernel uye mukuedza isu tiri mu 5.16, ivo vanogara vari imwe kernel kumashure zvakanyanya kana zvishoma, ivo vanonyanya kungwarira. Ndinoziva vanhu vanga vachiyedza kwemakore makumi maviri uye vasina kumbova nedambudziko rimwe chete, ndave ndichiedza kwemakore uye ndichiri zero matambudziko, asi zviri pachena kuti haisi itsva Ubuntu.
Ndanga ndichishandisa Fedora nokutendeka kubvira vhezheni 34 uye haina kumbobvira yandipa dambudziko rimwe chete, harina kumbobvira rakatyoka, kune rumwe rutivi, Ubuntu hongu, Manjaro hongu.
Ini nguva pfupi yadarika ndakatenga yemazuva ano yekutamba laptop, ine Fedora 36 beta isina dambudziko, kune rumwe rutivi neUbuntu 22.04 LTS, akati wandei matambudziko.
MuFedora zviri nyore kugadzirisa kubva kuchitoro kuenda kune imwe vhezheni (vagadziri vane hanya nazvo), muUbuntu… zvakaoma.
Wayland, PipeWire, BTRFS, zram, Fatpak, GNOME (desktop inomiririra Linux), atomic updates, etc… zvese izvi zvinogadzirisa matambudziko makuru enhoroondo muGNU/Linux.
Zvichakadaro, Ubuntu inoramba ichishandisa iyo X11 ballast uye mamwe matekinoroji aifanira kunge akafa kwemakore.
Fedora ndiyo yega kugovera iyo inotarisira yega yega yega uye neimwe vhezheni itsva ivo vanongoita nani. Zvakangonaka.
Iko hakuna kumwe kugovera kunokwanisa kumira seimwe nzira chaiyo kune Windows kana MacOS.
Kuve neRed Hat semubatsiri kunorema zvakanyanya.
Ini ndagara ndakaisa iyo xubuntu LTS yenguva ino, uye iri zvakare distro yandinoshandisa pachangu uye nehunyanzvi. Handizotauri kuti ndiyo yakanakisisa (nokuti ndinofanira kuenzanisa zvose uye haindipi nguva), asi yakagadzikana uye kuti hapana "novice" mushandisi ane matambudziko ekushandisa. Iyo graphic chikamu chinogadziridzwa nematemu kuti chiwedzere kunaka uye kushanda.