Distro-hopping: Chiito chekuyedza mitsva yeLinux kugovera mune tariro yekuwana iyo yakakwana kwatiri. Chaizvoizvo, zviri pamusoro itsanangudzo yakagadzirwa, kuyedza kuunganidza nemazwi mashoma tsananguro yei distro hopping. Vazhinji vashandisi veLinux vakashandisa sisitimu ine kernel kwenguva yakati vanoziva kuti chii, vakazviita, kana kuti vakanzwa kudiwa kwekuzviita. Asi nei tichizviita?
Mhinduro yacho inofanira kuva nokuti tinogona. Paunenge uchishandisa Windows kana macOS, unofanirwa kujaira iyo inoshanda sisitimu, asi kana iwe uri paLinux, unogona kuita kuti sisitimu iitwe kwauri. Tinogona kugadzirisa zvese, kana, kana isu tisingazvifarire kana isu tisingazive maitiro ekugadzirisa, tinogona kuita distro-hopping, kuyedza kugovera zadzisa kuti tione kana tikapedzisira tanzwa kuti pane chimwe chinhu chisina kunaka.
Kusiyana-siyana kunotikoka kuti tiedze dzimwe nzira
Linux ndiyo kernel, uye iyo yese system ndeye GNU/Linux. Iyoyo sisitimu inogona kunge iri mushanduro dzakawanda, sezvazvakaita kuUbuntu, iyo, kunyangwe ichingogashira zita rekutanga pasina zita rekupedzisira, iyo huru edition muGNOME zvakare Kubuntu, Lubuntu uye nekudaro anosvika gumi nerimwe emhando yepamutemo. Kubva paUbuntu tinowanawo mazano akadai seLinux Mint kana yekutanga OS, uye ndizvo zvakasiyana-siyana iyo inotikoka kuti tiite distro-hopping.
Patinenge taona chimwe chinhu chisingaite kuti tinzwe takasununguka uye toona kuti pane zvingasarudzwa zvingave nemhinduro, tinofunga kuchinja. Uye kuti unzwisise zviri nani zvese izvi distro-hopping, chii chiri nani pane nyaya yechokwadi: yangu.
Nyaya yangu ne distro-hopping
Kunyangwe distro-hopping iri svetuka pakati pekugovera Kubva kuLinux, nyaya yangu inotanga neWindows uye inouya neMac OS X (ikozvino macOS). Uye inoti seizvi:
Ndaneta nekunonoka kuita Windows XP yangu, ndakaedza Ubuntu 6.06 mumuchina chaiwo. Zvinoita sezvisingabviri, asi Ubuntu yakakurumidza kwandiri mukati meWindows kupfuura yekuzvarwa Windows. Ndakashandisa iwo chaiwo muchina kwemwedzi mitanhatu ndisati ndafometa uye kushandisa Ubuntu chizvarwa, chimwe chinhu chandakaita pandakava nechokwadi chokuti hapana chandaizopotsa.
Ndakafara kwenguva isingasviki makore matatu, kusvikira ndatanga kuita mimhanzi uye ndakatenga iMac. Ndaifarira Mac OS X, handisi kuzonyepa, uye handisi kuzonyepa kana ndichiti nzira chete yandichava neMac zvakare ichava. kana ndine zvakawanda mari yacho. Panguva imwe cheteyo ndakatenga 10 ″ laptop (pakanga pasina mahwendefa, kana aive asina mukurumbira) uye ndakadzosera Ubuntu mukati, saka handina kumbosiya zvachose Linux kumashure. Nguva pfupi yapfuura, Canonical yakadzvanya Unity muUbuntu, uye hongu, laptop-inomanikidzirwa laptop haina kukwanisa kuibata. Ndipo pakatanga distro-hopping yangu chaiyo.
Uye ndekupi kusvetuka kwandakaita mune yangu distro-hopping?
- ubuntu netbook: Paive neshanduro yakagadzirirwa rudzi urwu rwemudziyo, ikozvino wakamiswa. Zvakanga zvakasiyana chaizvo uye ndaisazvifarira, saka ndaifanira kuramba ndakatarisa.
- elementary OS: Muboka reTeregiramu, ndakaudzwa kuti yekutanga yaive isina huremu, saka ndakaiisa. Ini ndaisada nzira yake yekutonga desktop, saka ndakachinja zvakare.
- Kubuntu: Ndaida, asi Plasma yaive netsikidzi dzakawanda parig rangu zvekuti handina kukwanisa kufambirana nazvo.
- Lubuntu naXubuntu: Kazhinji yenguva yandaishandisa Lubuntu uye Xubuntu, yakawanda yekutanga kupfuura yechipiri, asi yaiwanzoita GNOME 2 yakandibvumira kuita zvese, ndaiziva zvishoma.
- Linux mint: Ndakaona kuti iyi distro yakavakirwa paUbuntu yaivepo uye yakashanda zvakanaka pamakomputa ane zviwanikwa zvishoma, saka ndakaishandisa kwechinguva.
- Ubuntu MATE: Martin Wimpress akauya kuzondinunura ndokuburitsa Ubuntu MATE. Yakanga yakafanana neyemhando yepamusoro Ubuntu, asi yakachinjirwa kunguva nyowani. Uye ikoko ndakagara kwechinguva... kusvikira dambudziko randakanga ndisingazivi kuti roripedza sei rakanditadzisa kudzima midziyo nezvimwe. glitch.
- Iye zvino ndisina iyo 10 ″ laptop, uye neimwe isina kusimba asi 15'6 ″, ndakadzokera kuUbuntu, kunyangwe ini ndaisada Kubatana. Kusaenda nekukurumidza, kwaive nani pane Windows yayakauya nayo, saka ndakaishandisa.
- Gare gare zvakazoitika kwandiri kuti ndiedze Kubuntu zvakare, ndakaona kuti KDE yakanga yavandudza zvakanyanya uye ndakagara nayo kwemakore akati wandei.
- Nekuda kwekutaura pano paLXA, iyo yakati, kwete zvisina musoro, kuti zvizhinji zvatakatumira zvaive zvine chekuita neUbuntu, ndakafunga kuyedza chimwe chinhu chakasiyana: Manjaro. Uye ndizvo zvandinoshandisa zuva nezuva.
Kusvetuka kwangu kunotevera ... hongu ndinoitora
Iye zvino ziso rangu rakatarisa GarudaLinux, sarudzo yandino "tamba" nayo, kwete yekutamba, sezvo iri distro chikamu chakagadzirirwa mutambo, nguva nenguva. asi maokoro Hazvina kundikanganisa zvekuda kuzvisiya. Ini zvakare ndine imwe laptop yandinoshandisa semultimedia centre ine Ubuntu, saka ndine zvinopfuura imwe sarudzo uye rutsigiro/ruzivo.
Gara pane izvo zvinoita kuti unzwe wakasununguka
Kunyangwe iri Windows, tinofanira kugara mune zvinoita kuti tinzwe takasununguka. Distro-hopping inokumanikidza kuti utange kubva pakatanga pakusvetuka kwega kwega, uye ini ndinongoikurudzira kana chimwe chinhu chikatadza kupfuura zvaangafungire. Ini zvakare ndinokurudzira kuyedza masisitimu pamadhiraivha ane kuisirwa kwakazara, izvo, kunyangwe zvisina kufanana nekuzviita pane hard drive, zvinogona kutipa fungidziro yekuti ingashande sei pakombuta yedu. Nenzira iyi tinogona kuyedza chero distro tisina kubata yedu default system, uye nekudaro isu tichava nechokwadi chekuti kusvetuka hakuzove pasina parachuti.
Mhoro. Sekuona kwangu kune marudzi maviri e distrohopping, iyo yaunotaura, iyo distro haina kunyatsokupwisa uye iwe unoramba uchiedza nekuyedza kutsvaga iyo "yakanaka" distro, cherechedza makotesheni, hahaha. Izvi distrohopping zvinowanzoitika paunotanga kusvika kuLinux.
Kuenda kubva kuWindows kuenda kuLinux kana Mac, nezvimwe sezvaunotaura, mumaonero angu, izvo hazvisi kukanganisa.
Ipapo pane imwe distrohopping yausingataure pano, iko kuedza nekuda kwekuyedza, nekuti sezvaunotaura isu tinoita distrohopping nekuti isu tinokwanisa uye isu tinoda Linux neayo distros uye zviri nyore kunyangwe ukasaronga kuchinja, iwe unofarira kuyedza mamwe maDistros, nekuti isu tinozvida uye ndizvo zvazviri, zviri pachena kuti izvi dzimwe nguva zvinokonzeresa kuti uchinje distro yako, kunyangwe yanga isiri chinangwa chako, kunyangwe kwechinguvana kana makore mashoma, nekuti hauna kumbobvira waita. gara uine distro yechokwadi kwehupenyu hwako hwese, kazhinji unorasa makore uye pakupedzisira unopedzisira wachinja, nekuti izvo zvaunowana nechikamu chekutanga che distrohopping ndechekuti iyo distro yakanaka haipo uye ndosaka mukati iyo yekupedzisira iwe unogara nemumwe kwemakore, asi pakupedzisira iwe unochinja uye uchinje zvakare uye zvichingodaro, nekuti iyo Linux mushure mezvose uye shure kwezvose, inoenderera mberi distrohopping, chete kuti distrohopping iyi inowedzera uye inoparadzaniswa nenguva. Kwaziwai.
Pandakazosiya Win7 kune imwe sarudzo yelinux, ndakazviita nekuda kwekudiwa, ndakanga ndaneta nekubata antivirus + firewall, ndichivagadziridza, kutsvaga mhinduro dzemanyorero kana pc yakatapukirwa uye hapana chinhu icho software inofanirwa kunge iri. specialized to avoid the problem yakandibatsira.zvakatadza,yaingogara ichiita fomati nekuda kwehumwe hutachiona hunosvota,zvekutaura kuti yaityisa senge antivirus muma windows, nekungoiisa paPC ichangobva kufomatiwa yakakuona usina. kubhurawuza, nekungoita kuti PC yakabatana neinternet ichivharira imwe Trojan kubva kunze kwehurongwa.Pamwe nezviri pamusoro, ndinofanira kutaura zvakanyanya kuti masoftware aya aive ave kutanga kuyera mashandisiro aanoita ram memory, saka ndakafunga kuchinjira kuLinux. , kunyanya nekuti kutenga komputa nyowani kana uchigara muVenezuela uye kune dambudziko (chaizvo iyo hyperinflation pakatanga 2016) haisi nyore ...
Zvino, panguva iyoyo, handina kumboedza Ubuntu, zvakanyanya nekuda kwerunyerekupe uye zvirevo kubva kune vaanoda, zvaiita kunge zvine matambudziko ekugadzikana, sezvo pakanga paine zvakawanda zvekutaura nekuda kwedambudziko diki, saka ndakaedza dzimwe mhinduro, ndichitsvaga izvo. kuti, nekuda kwechimiro cheAcer Aspire 4935 Notebook kubva pakombuta yangu, yaive zororo kugondohwe, ndipo pandakarangarira zita reimwe yekutanga distros yandakafarira pandakaiedza pa pentium 4 yangu ndichiri jaya uye ndakashandira chikoro chesekondari chekirasi yekombuta, Mandrake neRed Hat, ndakasuwa kuti Mandrake yakanga isisipo, ndakada kuedza Red Hat asi ndakaodzwa mwoyo kuti ndiongorore kuti ikozvino yakanga yanyanya kutarisisa kune nyika yebhizinesi. pane yevashandisi vekumba, ndakazoona kuti Mandriva aive Muteveri wezvemweya kuMandrake, ndakaiedza kwenguva yakati rebei asi mushure mekuita mamwe magadzirirwo ehurongwa system yakadzima nekukurumidza uye kutenderera kwacho kwaive kwakareba, ndakabva ndaedza dzimwe nzira dzakabva pane. Debian, handina kuyedza Debian pachayo nekuti paive nezvakawanda zvekutaura painternet nezvekuti zvinogona kushungurudza kuiisa, ndakasiya Win7 nekuti yanga yava kutema musoro, ndakapinda muLinux kuti ndisagare mune imwe chete kana kuva. vamwe.
Pakati peDebian-based distros yandakashandisa Porteus, ndaiifarira chaizvo asi zvakare, iyo system yekuvandudza sisitimu uye kunyanya zvigadziriso yaive yakareba kwazvo, kuyedza kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvaigona kutyora zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa kuvandudzwa, kana zvakanyanya, vaisatombokwanisa kutanga nekuti. havana kubatwa nemazvo zvinotsamira. Mupfungwa iyi uye mumweya wezviwanikwa zvakaderera ndakaedza Slax (kunyangwe panguva iyoyo yaive yakavakirwa paSlackware), zvakazoitika zvimwe zvedambudziko rimwe chete. Ini ndaifanira kuyedza Antix, zvakare, yakawanda yedambudziko rimwe chete, zvichitevera kudyiwa kwegondohwe padanho repakati, ndakaenderera mberi nekuyedza SparkyLinux, yakatsiga ndinofanira kutaura uye kutenderera kutenderera kwanga kusina kuipa, asi chikamu chekuona hachina kugutsikana. ini zvikuru. Ndakasvetukira kuPCLinuxOS, zvaiita kunge ndizvo zvandaitsvaga asi mushure mechinguva yaizove isina kugadzikana (kunyangwe isingaite seMandriva, yaive rekodhi).
Mushure mekunzwa nezveArch uyezve Manjaro, ndakashamisika kuti yakawanda sei Manjaro, kunyangwe kutaura kwese kweArch, yaive yakarongedzerwa kune venguva dzose vashandisi vekupedzisira, kunyanya kugadzikana kwayo (zvichipiwa kuti iwe usingawanzoona mibvunzo nezvayo). updates), vakasarudza kuedza, vakada kuzviita, kugadzikana zvakanyanya kunyangwe hazvo zvisingaite (kunyangwe zvichienzaniswa neMandriva kana PCLinuxOS iyo mudzidziso inofanira kunge yakagadzikana), yakanzwa sekushandisa Porteus padanho rekugadzikana asi. nekushandisa kwakafanana neSparkyLinux, ine chikamu chakanaka chekuona uye chakapfupika, chakasiyana chaizvo neSparkyLinux). Kubva ipapo, uye ndinoreva kubva 2017 zvichienda mberi, ndakashandisa Manjaro chete, nekuti kubva pakuona kwangu mushandisi anofanirwa kutarisisa pabasa rake kana kunyudzwa mukuzorora kwake, asingafungi nezve distro pachayo (kana yakagadziridzwa zvakakwana kuti dzivisa matambudziko, kusapindirana, mavhairasi, kusagadzikana paunenge uchiisa kana kuburitsa mapakeji [iyo yekupedzisira kusava nemusoro asi kune kumwe kugovera uko kutsamira kwekubata kunosiya zvakawanda kudiwa] uye kunyangwe zvichiita sekudaro kana kwete, vanokurumidza kukanganisa hurongwa, vachikwanisa. kuona shanduko, chimwe chinhu chisina kuitika kwandiri naManjaro).
Zvisinei, kubva pakubviswa kweimwe nhengo yeManjaro nguva pfupi mushure mekunge chirongwa chacho chasarudzwa kuva kambani, ndakaona mamwe matambudziko ekugadzikana, kushaya SSL key updates, kushayikwa kwepasuru siginecha update kubata , dambudziko guru raiva pandaifanira tsvaga kushandisa Manjaro pa live usb kugadzirisa bhutsu mushure mekuvandudzwa, kusvika pakupedzisira gore rino ndawana chikanganiso chekuvandudza chakakura zvakakwana kukanganisa kugadzikana kwezvigadziriso uye semhedzisiro ndakave neiyo yekufomati; Ndakashamiswa nehuwandu hwegondohwe iyo mifananidzo yazvino inoda kubhutsu, zvakanyanya nekuda kwemunyori, chimwe chinhu chandinogara ndichidzima kuti ndichengetedze gondohwe, asi iko zvino kudyiwa kwegondohwe kwakanyanyisa uye kushungurudza kana mugadziri aitwa. Nekune rimwe divi, dambudziko rekupedzisira rinomira pachena ini ndakaita mwedzi mishoma mune ino 2023 mushure mefomati, nekuti vakachinja pamac package kuita gtk-4 uye yavakashandisa yaive gtk-3, saka iyo package yekuti yangu "flavor". "Ndaida kuti ifambe zvakanaka, kwete chete kuti yachinja zita rayo chete asiwo zvinoenderana nayo uye handina kukwanisa kuisa kugtk-4 nekuti XFCE haishande negtk-3, solution, uninstall uchishandisa pamac command line kuisa imwe. zvinoenderana ne "flavour" .
Saka ndinoshamisika, kusvika nguva pfupi yapfuura, kunyangwe ini ndakakurudzira Manjaro kune vanonyanya kutsva muLinux, ndine chokwadi chekuti avo vanotungamira. LinuxAdictos uye waona kutora kwangu kushoma, unenge waverenga kaviri "evhangeri" yangu yekuti Manjaro iedzwe, nhasi handina chokwadi, nekuti kana uchifanira kuunza vatsva kuLinux uye kudzivirira matambudziko, hazviratidzike. kodzero kwandiri kuti ndivaite kuti ndivaudze kuti ini ndinoshandisa mutsara wekuraira kana vazhinji vachiuya kubva kuWindows uye vasati vamboshandisa kana kuziva kuti "Command Prompt" chii, panguva yandakashandisa Manjaro kusvika gore rino ndaifanira kuishandisa kamwe chete. uye kwaive kununura bhoti, asi kuti ikozvino vanoisa zvigadziriso zvepakeji yekugovera pamatafura avo akasiyana uye havana hanya kana ikatyora pasuru iyo yakakosha kune chero akajairika mushandisi se pamac, painotsvakwa, yakaiswa, isina kubviswa. uye zvinokwanisika kudzokera kune yakapfuura vhezheni.mapurogiramu anenge anopenga.
Garuda yakabata pfungwa dzangu, zvisinei, ine kuchinjika kwakawanda kana ichienzaniswa ne "Manjaro ecosystem" (nekuti Manjaro akavhara zvishoma nezvishoma uku kushanduka kwekugadzikana kukuru, kunyangwe zvisati zvave padanho reCanonical neUbuntu kubva pane zvandakaverenga kubva kwauri) kuti ndaizofanira kufunga nezvazvo uye nekuzviyedza nemazvo, nekuti kunyangwe zvese zvine musoro Manjaro yave imwe yekugovera iyo yakanyanya hanya yekugadzikana yandakaedza ndeyechokwadi. MuVenezuela mune chirevo chine mukurumbira, zviri nani kutsvaga chii chine "BBB" chitambi (Yakanaka, Yakanaka uye Yakachipa), muLinux zvinoita sekunge zvakaoma kuwana mhinduro, iri seyazvino. sezvinobvira, yakagadzikana uye inotaridzika inoyevedza asi yezviwanikwa zvakaderera, asi pakupedzisira ndiyo maonero angu sekutenda kwega, ndicharamba ndiri muManjaro kusvikira ndamanikidzwa kuchinja. Kwaziwai.