Takaddama na GParted: sarrafawar bangare bai kasance da sauki haka ba

A cikin wannan labarin mun gabatar muku da GParted, kayan aiki mai karfi da cikakke wanda zai taimaka maka shirya rumbun kwamfutarka a shirye. Don wannan dole ne ku san abin da yake, abin da ake amfani da shi da kuma aikinsa na asali, wanda shine abin da za mu yi ƙoƙarin koya muku a cikin wannan sakon, don ku fara fara ɗaukar matakanku na farko da shi a hanya mafi sauki. Tabbas, yi hankali tunda lalacewar bangare ko share shi na iya haifar da asarar bayanan ka, don haka ka kiyaye idan ba kwararre bane.

Da yawa daga cikinku za su riga sun san shi, wasu da yawa sun riga sun yi amfani da shi a lokuta da yawa, amma ga ƙwararren masani ko ga waɗanda ba su san wannan ba tukunna kayan gyaran bangare Buɗe tushe a ƙarƙashin lasisin GPL kuma an rubuta shi cikin C ++, Don faɗi cewa ba shi da amfani kawai ga Linux, tunda akwai sigar Live don gudana daga faifai ko ƙwaƙwalwar USB, kasancewar kuna iya gudanar da wasu ɓangarorin na wasu tsarukan aiki muddin suna da goyan baya.

A farkon ya kasance kuma shine editan bangare na yanayin teburin GNOME, kodayake akwai madadin kamar KDE Partition Manager don madadin tebur zuwa GNOME da sauran kayan aikin da yawa, amma watakila GParted shine wanda ya zama mafi shahara kuma sabili da haka mafi ban sha'awa game da magana anan. Amma kafin mu fara da GParted tutorial, bari mu ga wata ka'ida don sanya ku a wuri kuma ku gano abin da ake nufi.

Menene GParted don?

GParted shine, kamar yadda na ce, editan bangare, ma'ana, wata software ce da ke aiki azaman mai amfani don ƙirƙira, duba, gyaggyarawa ko share ɓangarori a kan rumbun kwamfutarka, biranen rubutu, katin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da sauransu. Waɗannan tsarin adana suna buƙatar wani nau'in edita kamar GParted don ƙirƙirar bangare da tsarin da za a yi amfani da su ta hanyar tsarin aiki ko ma ware bayanai ko tsarin aiki a sassa daban-daban a cikin diski ɗaya.

Menene bangare?

A disk bangare ne bangare Ana iya yin hakan akan naúrar ajiyar jiki (ƙwaƙwalwar USB, faifai mai ƙwaƙwalwa, katin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, DVD, ...). Kodayake ma'anar janar ta jaddada cewa rabuwa ce da za'a iya aiwatarwa a cikin rukunin ajiyar jiki guda ɗaya, wannan ba gaskiya bane, tunda a GNU / Linux da UX, akwai kayan aiki wanda muka riga muka yi magana a kansa don faɗaɗa wannan ikon fiye da iyakokin al'ada da kuma samar da mafi sauƙi.

Amma wannan ba ya ba mu sha'awa a yanzu, kawai don sanin abin da bangare yake da kuma mahimmancinsa a cikin tsarin kwamfuta. Ya kamata kuma ku sani cewa kowane bangare dole ne ya sami tsari, tsarin fayil ta yadda kowane tsarin aiki zai iya fassara shi. A wannan ma'anar, ba duk tsarin za a iya tallafawa da duk OS ba, misali Linux yana ɗayan mafiya tallafi. Windows misali na iya amfani da FAT, FAT32 da NTFS, Mac OS X suma suna da nasu kamar HFS da HFS +, da dai sauransu.

Da stsarin fayil ko FS (FileSystem) Ainihin, a cikin waɗannan ɓangarorin, yana da alhakin ƙara ayyukan sanya sarari ga bayanan, gudanar da sarari kyauta, nau'in samun dama ga kariya, da sauransu. Wato, suna tsara bayanan da aka adana don su sami damar wakiltar software ...

Wannan shine abin da muke nufi idan muka ce "bari mu tsara ...", don baku ɗayan waɗannan tsarukan zuwa ƙwaƙwalwar, kodayake kuma muna ƙirƙirar ɗaya ko fiye daga waɗannan sassan. Wane amfani ne rukunin ajiya zai kasance ba tare da bangare / tsari da tsari ba?

GParted koyawa

Wannan hoton da aka nuna akan waɗannan layukan shine da GParted GUI, kayan aiki wanda zai baka damar aiki zana ga wadanda suke da irin wannan matsalar ta layin umarni ko kuma kwararren masani. Saboda haka, an gabatar da mai sauƙin amfani da ƙwarewa wanda za mu iya amfani da shi don iya sarrafa sassanmu da bayar da tsari, ba wai kawai sanyawa a cikin distro ɗinmu ba, har ma tare da Live ɗin da zaku iya saukarwa daga yanar gizo zuwa fara shi daga memorin RAM kuma ba tare da shigar….

Sauke GParted da shigarwa

Da kyau, abu na farko da akasamu GParted shine girka shi a cikin rarrabawarmu ko amfani dashi a cikin Yanayin rayuwa kuma saboda wannan muna buƙatar da farko zazzage sabuwar sigar GParted:

• GParted hukuma sauke gidan yanar gizo inda zaka sami sigar ga daban-daban irin su Debian, Fedora, Ubuntu, openSUSE, kodayake kuma ya fayyace umarnin da dole ne kayi amfani da shi a tashar don girka shi maimakon saukeshi daga yanar gizo. A wannan gidan yanar gizon zaku sami lambar tushe da Live ta GParted a cikin nau'ikan iri uku, don tsarin i686 (32-bit), i686-PAE (tare da Fadada Adireshin Jiki akan tsarin 32-bit) da amd64 (na 64- kadan). A yayin da kuka zaɓi Live, to lallai ne ku canza shi zuwa USB ko CD don ku sami damar kora shi.

Idan kanaso kayi shi kai tsaye daga na'ura mai kwakwalwaDon sanya GParted a kan distro ba tare da zazzagewa ba, dole ne ku rubuta waɗannan masu zuwa:

• Don Debian, Ubuntu da Kalam:

sudo apt-get install gparted

• Don budeSUSE:

sudo zypper install gparted

• Ga Fedora:

su -c "yum install gparted" 

Idan ka zabi RayuwaDa zarar kun sauke ISO, wanda a halin yanzu, zakuyi amfani da yanayin Legacy a cikin tsarin zamani tare da UEFI (kayan aikin da aka saya daga 2010 kimanin.), Mataki na gaba shine ƙona shi a kan diski na gani ko wani abu mai kyau. Yaya za ayi? Da kyau, don kar a zama mara aiki, zaka iya samun bayanai daga wani labarinmu anan. A ciki na yi bayanin yadda ake kona ISO a kan abin da zai iya tsallake shi daga tsarin UEFI, sai dai maimakon kasancewa daya daga Ubuntu zai zama wanda aka samu daga GParted ... Idan kuna son kona shi zuwa CD / DVD / BD, yi shi da kayan aikin ka. Rikodi da aka fi so (Brasero, k3b,…).

Af, idan kun sami damar fara Live, zaku samu menu wanda dole ne ka zaɓi zaɓuɓɓuka masu zuwa:

1. GParted Live (zabin tsoho)
2. Zaɓi Maɓallin Maɓalli daga jerin baka (don zaɓar yaren mabuɗinku, a wannan yanayin ES)
3. Zaɓi 0 don farawa a cikin hoto kuma taga ɗaya zata bayyana kamar kun shigar da ita a kan distro ɗinku, saboda haka zaku iya ci gaba da koyawa ba tare da la'akari da zaɓin da aka zaɓa ba, Live ko shigarwa ...

Matakan farko

Yanzu mun fara aiki a cikin tsarinmu, ko dai ta hanyar kunna shi daga RAM a cikin Yanayin rayuwa ko ta buɗe shirin daga distro ɗinmu. Abu daya da ban fada a baya ba amma wannan a bayyane yake, shine cewa baza ku iya aiki tare da duk sassan daga aikace-aikacen ba, amma daga Live. Wannan abu ne na al'ada, tunda lokacin da yake gudana daga RAM, kuna da dukkan bangarorin kyauta don ku sami damar sarrafa su, a gefe guda, daga aikace-aikacen zaku "tako kan" wani bangare ne wanda tsarin aiki ke amfani dashi a wancan lokacin ...

Bayan mun faɗi haka, zamu fara da ainihin aikin GParted. A cikin dubawa muna gani menu a saman. ko wuraren da ba a tsara su ba ... Hakanan za ku iya ganin ayyukan da GParted ke jiran za su yi a daidai gefen gefen taga kuma za a yi amfani da shi daidai lokacin da kuka danna maɓallin "Aiwatar" da zarar kun bayyana shi.

To, yin aiki tare da GParted abu ne mai sauki:

1. Zaɓi ƙungiyar a cikin mai zaɓin inda kake son yin aiki (rumbun kwamfutarka, sandar USB, katin ƙwaƙwalwa, da sauransu). Ya kamata ya bayyana a cikin menu na masu zaɓan ƙasa, idan an haɗa shi da kwamfutar.
2. Yanzu za a nuna bangarorin, idan akwai, daga wannan rumbun adana bayanan. Idan babu bangare, za a nuna sarari har yanzu babu komai don tsarawa da amfani. Ko ya kasance bangare ne ko sarari mara amfani, idan ka zaba shi da linzamin kwamfuta zaka ga cewa wasu maballan da basa aiki a kan kayan aikin sun zama masu sauki don aiki tare da sararin da aka zaba.
3. Zaka kuma iya yi amfani da maɓallin linzamin kwamfuta na dama akan yanki ko sarari a kan abin da kake son aiki kuma za a nuna menu tare da zaɓuɓɓuka. Kuna iya ganin bayanan kowane bangare an nuna, idan yana da maɓallin maɓalli to an kulle shi ko ana amfani dashi kuma baza ku iya aiki da shi ba. Hakanan zaka ga wata kibiya wacce idan ka latsa shi, zata nuna rabe-raben bangare, idan akwai, haka kuma maƙirar anga, tsarin fayil ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi, girmansa, da sauransu.
4. Yanzu wataƙila mun zaɓi yanki ko sararin ɗanyen sarari. A kowane hali da zaɓuɓɓuka cewa an yarda mu sune:
   1. Sabo: Ana amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar sabon bangare a cikin sarari mara izini ko ɗanɗano. Na lokacin da ka sayi sabon sashin adanawa kuma ya zo ba tare da tsari ba, don iya baka ɗaya kuma tsarin ya san shi don iya aiki da shi. Kuna iya ƙirƙirar bangare ɗaya akan ɗakin ajiya ko wasu, gwargwadon buƙatunku.
   2. Cire: cire wani ɓangaren da aka ƙirƙira, wanda ya dace don lokacin da kake son satar da wancan ɓangaren faifan don shiga wannan ɗanyen sararin zuwa wani ɓangaren da ke akwai don faɗaɗawa ko kuma kawai canza shi.
   3. Kwafi / Manna wani bangare: kamar yadda sunansa yake nunawa yana baka damar kwafa da liƙa bangare a wuri da aka ba. Wannan zai sanya ɓangaren da aka liƙa suna da UUID iri ɗaya, tsari da lakabi kamar wanda aka kwafa, wanda zai iya haifar da rikici, saboda haka, idan baku da ƙwarewa, ku yi hankali.
   4. Girman girman / motsa: Ana amfani dashi don matsar da bangare daga wuri guda akan diski zuwa wani (mai ban sha'awa idan har wani bangare na rumbun diski ko ƙwaƙwalwar ya lalace don matsar da ɓangaren zuwa wani yanki mai kyau) ko kuma sake girman su. Misali, idan muna son fadadawa ko rage girman bangare saboda ya zama karami ko kuma kawai dan yantar da wasu sarari ta hanyar rage shi sannan kuma karawa zuwa wani.
   5. Tsarin kamar: tsara sashin adanawa ko bangare don ba shi tsarin fayil ko FS daga cikin waɗanda GParted ke tallafawa. GParted yana tallafawa tsarin fayil ko tsari irin su ext2, ext3, ext4, SWAP, FAT16, FAT32, da dai sauransu. Idan za a yi amfani da bangaren da ake magana a matsayin wurin sauyawa, za a iya zabar SWAP.Idan aka nufe shi da sauran amfani a kan tsarin GNU / Linux, ina ba da shawarar ext a cikin mafi kyawun fasalinsa, ext4. Amma idan abin da kuke buƙata shine kullun da ya dace da sauran tsarin aikin da za'a raba, ko ma karanta / rubutawa ta wasu na'urori kamar TV, firintoci, da sauransu, to lallai ne kuyi amfani da FAT32.
   6. Rarraba / Tattara: kwance / hau dutsen / dev / xxx na'urar daga inda yake don samun damar yin aiki da ita idan bata barin ka ko kuma kawai ka sauke ta idan ya zama dole. Kari akan haka, da zarar anyi shi, yana wartsakarwa rarraba don nuna abubuwan da aka sabunta akan allo.
   7. Duba: yana duba bangare, zai samu kuma yayi kokarin gyara matsalolin da ya samu akan wani bangare idan ya lalace ko ya lalace.
   8. UUID: Ba ka damar canza ifierididdigar Musamman Na'ura don na'urar da ake magana. Wannan shine mafi kyawun barwa idan bamu da kwarewa sosai.
   9. Tag: sunaye ko lakabin ƙarar.
   10. Bayani: nuna cikakken bangare ko bayanin girma.
5. Da zaran mun zabi ayyukan da muke son yi, zai isa a ba gunkin wanda yake kamar koren kaska ko V A cikin akwatin kayan aiki da GParted za ku iya yin aiki don yin abin da kuke buƙata ... Jira har ya gama kuma ka yi hankali kada kwamfutar ta kashe ko batirin ya ƙare a tsakiyar aiki ko kuma rabe-raben na iya zama lalacewa da rasa bayanai. Don haka idan kuna amfani da kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, koyaushe ku haɗa shi da cibiyar sadarwa yayin aiwatarwa.

Kar ka manta da barin ra'ayoyin ku tare da shakku, shawarwari ko suka, idan kuna da su. Zanyi kokarin amsa su duka ...