GNU Linux yana da cikakkiyar fahimta, babu wanda yake shakkar hakan. Amma wataƙila wasu masu amfani ba su san wasu kayan aiki ko damar da za ta ba mu ba kuma hakan na iya sauƙaƙa rayuwarmu ta yau ko yin abubuwa masu ban mamaki. A cikin wannan labarin zamuyi magana akan LVM (Manajan umeara Manajan )abi'a), kayan aiki wanda, kodayake da farko ba'a kirkireshi bane don Linux, daga baya aka kawo shi kuma yanzu masu amfani da Linux zasu iya more abubuwan da yake da shi.
LVM mai sarrafa ƙararraki ne mai ma'ana kamar yadda sunan sa ya nuna, da farko ya kasance cHeinz Mauelshagen ne ya kirkireshi a 1998 don tsarin aiki na HP-UX, HP's UNIX. Amma daga baya za'a aiwatar dashi a cikin kwayar Linux. Da shi zaka iya sake girman rukunoni masu ma'ana, kazalika da masu ma'ana, daukar hoto kawai, karanta RAID, da sauransu. Amma fasalin da yake sha'awar mu ga wannan labarin shine haɗakar da manyan rumbun kwamfutoci da yawa.
LVM na iya "ganin" ƙungiyoyin faifai da ɓangarorin gaba ɗaya maimakon amfani da wurare masu zaman kansu da yawa. Abin da ya sa kenan za mu iya shiga bangarori da yawa a matsayin daya, fadada wasu bangarori a kan wasu diski na jiki daban-daban, yin wasa da diski da yawa a yanayin RAID, kara "zafi" ko "musayar zafi" masu rumbun kwamfutar, ba tare da manta aikin "hoto" ba don kirkirar abubuwan adana bayanai .
Taya zaka iya yin hakan? Da kyau, asali godiya ga yadda ake sarrafa ra'ayoyi uku:
- PV (Volume na Jiki): sune matakan jiki, ma'ana, rumbun kwamfutoci ko sassan kwamfuta.
- VG (Volungiyar Volume): rukunin juzu'i, shine yankin da PVs da VLs ke haɗuwa.
- LV (gicalarin Ma'ana): kundin ma'ana ko na'urori inda za'a iya ƙirƙirar tsarin fayil ko FS.
Don aiki tare da LVM, zamu iya aiki daga tashar tare da manyan kayan aikin guda uku:
- Ƙirƙiri: Kuna iya ƙirƙirar kundin jiki ta hanyar haɗa ɗakunan rumbun kwamfutoci daban-daban ko bangare. Misali, bari mu shiga bangare / dev / sda3 da / dev / sdb1:
pvcreate /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb1
- Ƙirƙiri: Zaka iya ƙirƙirar ƙungiyoyin juzu'i, ma'ana, rabuwa ko diski na jiki suna cikin rukuni. Misali, don ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar da ake kira "data":
vgcreate datos /dev/sdb1
- Ƙirƙiri: - yana bayyana mahimman matakan da zasu kasance cikin ƙungiyar. Misali, kaga cewa kana son ƙirƙirar ƙara mai suna "sabo" a cikin ƙungiyar "bayanan" da 8GB a girma:
lvcreate --name nuevo --size 8G datos
Bari mu ga misali mai amfaniKa yi tunanin cewa kana da kwamfuta tare da x GB rumbun kwamfutarka kuma ka yanke shawara don faɗaɗa ƙarfin ta haɗa da wani rumbun kwamfutarka. A wannan yanayin, tsarin aiki yana kula da shi kamar haka, wani sabon rumbun kwamfutar wanda dole ne ku ƙirƙiri ɗaya ko fiye ɓoye akan shi don amfani da shi. Zan kasance mafi takamaiman bayani, kaga cewa rumbun kwamfutarka na farko shine 120GB kuma kana da jerin rabe-raben, ciki har da / gida wanda yake da 80GB na waɗannan 120 kuma ana kiran sa / dev / sda3, inda / dev / sda1 yake tushen bangare / da / dev / sda2 da SWAP ...
Yanzu kun sami sabon rumbun kwamfutar ku tare da 500GB (/ dev / sdb1) na ƙarin sarari, amma maimakon ƙirƙirar wani bangare, kuna son gidan ku ya sami 580GB. Wannan mai yiwuwa ne tare da LVM, yin / dev / sda da / dev / sdb be duba ta tsarin aiki azaman na'urar guda ɗaya, wani bangare guda wanda yake jikinsa akan wasu manyan rumbun kwamfutoci guda biyu. Kuma wannan ƙaramar dama ce ta yawancin waɗanda LVM ke ba da damar kuma za a yi haka kamar haka:
—KAFIN KOMAI, YI MAKON BAYA / GIDA KAMAR YADDA ZA A SAMU -
sudo -i unmount /dev/sda3 unmount /dev/sdb1 vgcreate lvm /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb1 modprobe dm-mod lvcreate -n home -l 100% VG lvm mkfs.ext4 /dev/lvm/home mount /dev/lvm/home /home
Abin da ya rage kawai shi ne gyara fayil ɗin / sauransu / fstab Don haka kar a hauhawar / dev / sda3 da / dev / sdb1 pratitions a tsarin farawa, kasa hakan, hawa / dev / lvm / gida / gida. Idan muka buga wadannan (amfani da gedit, Nano ko duk wacce editan rubutu kake so ...):
sudo gedit /etc/fstab
Muna iya ganin abun ciki don gyara shi, Za mu ga cewa akwai sharhi # da sauran layuka don hawa rabe-raben da muke da su yanzu a cikin distro ɗin mu. Yi hankali, sarari ba sarari bane na al'ada, lokacin da kake gyara, yi amfani da TAB don sararin abun ciki! Za ku ga cewa za ku iya sanya wani abu kamar UUID = XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX, amma kuna iya maye gurbin wannan gibberish din ga / dev / sdx ba tare da matsala ba ... ma'ana, ga sunan bangare kamar yadda yake. A cikin yanayinmu dole ne ku cire (ko mafi kyau daga gogewa, sanya # a farkon layin domin yin tsokaci, saboda haka idan akwai matsala ko ba ta aiki, za mu iya gyara fstab sai kawai mu share sabon layinmu mu cire # don ya dawo Tsarin da ya gabata ...) layuka biyu masu dacewa da / dev / sda3 da / dev / sdb1 kuma ƙara:
/ dev / lvm / gida / gida ext4 Predefinicións 0 1
Sake kunnawa kuma yanzu zamu sami / gida na 580GB, shiga cikin manyan rumbun kwamfutar guda biyu kamar dai su ɗaya ne. Tabbas zaka iya bambanta sigogin yadda kake so, kayi amfani da bangarorin da kake so, FS da kake so (anan munyi amfani da EXT4, amma zaka iya amfani da duk abin da kake buƙata), da dai sauransu. Don Allah, bar saƙonninku, tambayoyinku, tsoffinku, da sauransu..
Hello.
Kyakkyawan koyawa, amma sunyi imanin cewa basu ambaci cewa dole ne muyi tanadi na bayanai ba, tunda lokacinda suka shiga cikin bangarorin diski / gida, suna tsara diski biyu: mkfs.ext4 / dev / lvm / gida, kamar yadda kuke kar a goge bayanan da kuka riga kuka samu a farkon / gida gida don samun irin wannan sakamakon?
Yana da cewa an tsara bangarorin biyu, don haka dole ne ku yi ajiyar waje kafin ku ci gaba da shiga su (Ina ba da shawarar deja-dup / sudo snap shigar deja-dup -classic (wannan don yanayin daidaitaccen ta hanyar karye) / sudo dace shigar ganye -dauka)
Ina fatan ya kasance taimako a gare ku.
A kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na baya ina da rumbun kwamfutarka tare da wasu 'yan munanan sassan da suka watsu ko'ina. Na raba bangarori masu kyau da marasa kyau (kusan kashi 16). Kyakkyawan sassan da na shiga azaman rukunin ƙungiya tare da LVM kuma akan wannan sabon "sashin adanawar" na girka fedora ba tare da wata damuwa ba. Tare da LVM na sanya wannan rumbun kwamfutar mai amfani wanda in ba haka ba zai ɓata, ya kiyaye min wasu pesos.
Godiya ga bayanin, wani abu ne da nake buƙata in yi. Godiya
Na gwada bin wannan koyarwar, amma na gano cewa LVM ba a girka ta tsoho a Debian 9.5.0. Kuma lokacin da kake son girka shi, tare da [sudo apt install lvm2], an shigar da application din, amma lokacin da kake son kunna shi, ba a kunna ba. Yana ba da kuskure mai zuwa:
$ sudo sabis lvm2 farawa
Ba a yi nasarar fara lvm2.service ba: An rufe sashen Unit lvm2.service.
Kyakkyawan yamma.
labarin mai ban sha'awa.
Ina da tambaya, faya-faye nawa za ku iya amfani da su azaman guda ɗaya? ma'ana, idan ina da fayafai guda 4, shin zan iya shiga 4 a matsayin naúrar ɗaya?
Godiya a gaba (:
Mr. suporty
Sannu
Zan saita sabon tebur. Ina son Ubuntu 18.04 kawai azaman tsarin aiki. Zan sanya Western Digital Black SN750 NVMe 500GB SSD M.2 PCI Express 3.0, wanda ya kamata ya zama mai sauri. Amma kuma, Ina da gida a Samsung 860 EVO Basic SSD 500GB SATA3, wanda na saya a lokacin kuma a ƙarshe ban yi amfani da shi ba, ina tunanin wannan sabon lokacin tebur. Ina so in kara shi ma. Na karanta labarinku, kuma zan so, idan ba matsala mai yawa ba, ku bani shawara game da wane bangare ne zan kirkira da kuma yadda za'a samu kyakkyawan aiki. Godiya.
Barka dai, na gode da gudummawar da kake bayarwa, ban san komai ba game da Linux, kawai na saka wata sabar ne tare da 2 980gb mai kwarjini mai karfin gaske, na yi tukin hankali, amma na ga Linux din ya kirkiri bangare 200gb wanda tuni na cike shi. kuma ban san yadda zan kunna sauran sararin da yake gaya min 1.7 Tb bane, da fatan zaku iya taimaka min yadda zan kunna shi kuma ta yadda zan iya amfani da shi don sauti, ni ne aikin yanar gizo na kwanan nan. Gaisuwa.