En isar da mu A baya mun ba da labarin yadda Simon, masanin ilimin kimiyyar siyasa tare da masanin kimiyyar lissafi mai suna Newell da wani ɗan wasan kwaikwayo mai suna Shaw ya fara aikin gina tsarin basirar ɗan adam na farko da aka fi sani da Logical Theorist. Wannan ya buƙaci ƙirƙira na farkon ƙayyadaddun yaren shirye-shirye don Intelligence Artificial
Mun bar wannan labarin tare da 'yan wasan uku tare da masu haɗin gwiwa da dangi suna kwaikwaya halayen sassa daban-daban na shirin ta amfani da mutane da katunan rubuce-rubucen hannu.
Bayan kwaikwaiyo da yawa irin waɗannan, an aiwatar da shirin akan kwamfuta ta gaske. Gwajin ya yi nasara kamar yadda software ta yi nasarar tabbatar da ka'idoji talatin da takwas na ɗaya daga cikin surori na littafin Principia Matemática na Russell da Whitehead. Ko da a cikin ɗayan lokuta (kuma ba tare da takamaiman umarnin yin hakan ba) ya sami hanyar gwada shi fiye da "m" fiye da marubutan littafin.
Harshen shirye-shirye na farko don Ilimin Artificial Intelligence
Kasancewar Simon da tawagarsa sun dauki lokaci mai tsawo suna rubuta shirin su ne saboda suna buƙatar takamaiman yaren shirye-shirye wanda ke da isasshen ƙarfi da sassauci don manufarsu. Ana kiran wannan harshe IPL (Information Processing Language) kuma ya fara gabatar da dabarar sarrafa jerin abubuwa don shirye-shirye.
IPL ya bambanta da manyan harsunan lokacin a cikin wancan bai buƙaci a bayyana alamomin tukuna ba kuma yana da ikon haɗawa da gyara tsarin alamomi.
Abin da ake kira dabarar sarrafa lissafin ya ƙunshi adana kowane yanki na bayanai tare da kwatance kan yadda ake samun guntun bayanan da ke da alaƙa da su. Ta hanyar canza alamun, ana iya gina sababbin ƙungiyoyi.
"Matsalolin Gabaɗaya"
Don ƙirƙirar software na gaba, Simon da Newell sun yanke shawarar gwada wata hanya ta daban. A lokacin, bincike na tunani yana yawo wanda ya gayyaci mahalarta don bayyana babbar hanyar da suka magance matsalolin ma'ana. Duo ya gano cewa wadannan fom din sun sha bamban da na manhajojin nasu don haka suka yanke shawarar yin nasu nau'in binciken kuma ƙirƙirar software bisa hanyoyin da mahalarta suka bayyana. Shirin (wanda aka fi sani da GPS don Babban Magance Matsala) an ƙididdige shi bisa ƙungiyar bayanai da ilimin kididdiga masu zaman kansu daga ayyukan da aka nemi su yi.
Wannan sabuwar dabarar ta sami sunan "Manufa-zuwa Ƙarshen Bincike" kuma ta ƙunshi kwatanta halin da ake ciki yanzu tare da manufa kuma a dauki matakan da za su rage bambanci tsakanin su sannan a sake tantancewa har sai an rage bambanci zuwa sifili.. Wannan hanya tana ba da damar shirin don amsa canje-canje a cikin masu canji na matsalar. Mai tsara shirye-shirye yana nuna matsala da abin da ake kira tebur bambance-bambance wanda aka nuna yiwuwar darussan aiki da kuma a wane yanayi suke.
GPS ya sami damar tarwatsa matsala zuwa matsuguni kuma yayi amfani da hanyar ja da baya, wato idan wata hanya ba ta yi tasiri ba, sai ya koma ya bi wata.
A cikin shekaru 11 yana aiki. GPS ya warware wasanin gwada ilimi, aiwatar da haɗin kai na alama, kuma ya karya lambobin sirri.
Yayin da Simon da Newell ke nishadantar da kansu da wannan, wani dalibi mai suna Robert K. Lindsay ya kirkiro wani shiri mai suna SAD SAM. mai laushi ya sami damar fitar da bayanai daga jimlolin nau'in "Juan ɗan Pepa ne" da "Juan ɗan'uwan Alberto ne" kuma ya gina bishiyar iyali.ilimantar da cewa Alberto kuma ɗan Pepa ne (Ban san yadda zai gudanar da dangin dangi na duniyar yau ba.
Tabbas, katafaren masana'antar kwamfuta a lokacin, IBM, ba zai iya tsayawa kan bincike kan basirar wucin gadi ba, filin da a tsakiyar yakin cacar baka ya riga ya bayyana babbar damar aikace-aikacen soja kuma, a cikin labarin na gaba muna zai yi magana game da gudunmawarsa na farko a fagen.