Umshini Womphunga: konke mayelana nekhonsoli yomdlalo weValve

Sikhulume kakhulu kule blog mayelana Umshini Wentuthu. Ikhonsoli yomdlalo evela kuValve Corporation, inkampani ebikade iseceleni kweLinux isikhathi eside, yomibili inikezela ngezihloko zemidlalo yevidiyo yesikhulumi se-penguin, futhi iphromotha umhlaba wokuzijabulisa kwedijithali esitolo sayo se-inthanethi sevidiyo, iSteam, ngasendleleni, enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu akhona.

Manje I-Valve ibuye isilethele i-hardware ethokozisayo, njengoSteam Controller, isilawuli esiyinkimbinkimbi esizokhuluma ngaso kamuva, iSteam Link, umkhiqizo oguqukayo futhi oshibhile ongashintsha indlela esidlala ngayo, ngaphezu kwekhonsoli yomshini weSteam, isihloko esiyinhloko sendatshana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iValve iphinde isimangaze ngokwethulwa kokusatshalaliswa okwenzelwe ngokukhethekile imidlalo yevidiyo efana neSteamOS.

I-Valve Corporation

Ukusinikeza isizinda, yisho ukuthi iValve yinkampani yaseMelika egxile emhlabeni wemidlalo yevidiyo nalokho waduma ngomdlalo wakhe wokuqala wevidiyo, iHalf Life. Ngemuva kwalokho uzokhipha ukuguqulwa kwayo ngempumelelo enkulu, iCounter-Strike. Kepha uma ibiyizinguquko kokunye, ibisenjinini yayo yehluzo noma kumthombo wenjini yomdlalo, lapho imidlalo yayo eminingi yevidiyo isuselwa khona. Injini engafani naleyo yomncintiswano, eyenza ukuqhuma okukhulu kokuvela kwemvelo, uMthombo uyalandela, ungivumele ukuqhathanisa, uhlelo lokuthuthuka olufana neRolling Release distros, okungukuthi, oluqhubekayo.

Isungulwe e1996 nguGabe Newell noMike Harrington, Abasebenzi ababili baseMicrosoft abake basebenza kuma-operating system afana ne-Windows ne-OS / 2, i-Valve ivuka ngamandla ngekhwalithi yemidlalo yayo nangokuzinikela kwayo emphakathini, ngokunwetshwa nangamamodeli wokunwebisa amakhono emidlalo yayo. Ngemuva kwalokho ezinye izihloko ezidumile zazizofika njengePortal, Left 4 Dead, njll., Ngaphezulu kuka-92% wazo otholakala ngeLinux. Impumelelo izoqhubeka nokuvula isitolo sayo se-Steam online ku-2002 futhi manje inezigidi zabasebenzisi abasebenzayo.

Kepha iValve ayigxilanga kuphela kwisoftware nezinsizakalo, iphinde yathuthukisa amanye amaphrojekthi wehadiwe njengeSteam Controller kanye neSteam Machine esizokhuluma kakhulu ngayo. Ngendlela efanayo, wasimangaza sonke ekhipha iSiam Link yakhe, umkhiqizo oshibhile (ngokulambisa € 50) lokho kusivumela ukuthi silethe imidlalo kunoma iyiphi ikhompyutha iye ku-TV yakho ngaphandle kwentambo ukuze ukwazi ukudlala sengathi ikhonsoli, ngaphandle kwesikhulumi.

Uyini Umshini Wentuthu?

Umshini Womphunga, noma Ibhokisi Lomphunga njengoba bekwaziwa futhi ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka kwayo, ingaphezu kwekhonsoli yevidiyo, impela, anginakulokotha ukusho ukuthi iyinduduzo. Kumayelana nepulatifomu yehadiwe, okuthile okufana nokuthi kungaba yi-PC noma iMac, ngaphezulu, iSteam Machine ibukeka njengekhonsoli, kepha iyi-PC. Kungani ngisho lokhu? Ilula kakhulu, i-Xbox, i-Wii noma i-PlayStation iyiziduduzi, eyokuqala evela kuMicrosoft, eyesibili evela kuNintendo neyesithathu evela kwaSony.

Kodwa-ke, yize leplatifomu idalwe yiValve, uMshini weSteam usatshalaliswa, okungukuthi, abakhiqizi abaningi abahlukahlukene bangakha iSteam Machine yabo futhi bayithengise, enezici ezahlukahlukene kanye nehadiwe ehlukile, yize ezinye izinto ezinjengokusebenza kanye nohlelo lokusebenza zivamile. Kungakho ngikuqhathanisa kakhulu kunekhonsoli, ngeplatifomu, efana ne-PC enokwenziwa ngabakwaSony, Samsung, Xiaomi, HP, Dell, ASUS, ..., Umshini weSteam ungaba nemikhiqizo ehlukile. Ngisho ungakha eyakho.

Yini abafana ngayo? Yebo, zonke zisebenza ngezilawuli ezahlukahlukene, kepha ukulawula okuhle okulethwa yiValve kubizwa ngeSteam Controller futhi sizokhuluma ngakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngalo mqondo, iguquguquka kakhulu kuneziduduzo zevidiyo ezivela kwaSony, Microsoft noma iNintendo, okuvumela ukuguquguquka okuphelele ngokuya ngehardware. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bonke banakho uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwe-SteamOS, Ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux okususelwa kuDebian futhi okudizayinelwe imidlalo yevidiyo ngengxenyekazi yeSteam esivele ifakiwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, iValve yenze umsebenzi ngeSteamOS ukuze abashayeli abasemthethweni babakhiqizi be Amakhadi emidwebo ye-AMD ne-NVIDIA ukunikela ngokusebenza okuphelele kumidwebo, ngokungeziwe kwenye i-Hardware, futhi nakanjani kulungiselelwe ukukwazi ukusebenzisa Isilawuli se-Steam njengesilawuli semidlalo yakho. Ngokunjalo, izinkundla zokuzijabulisa ezinjengeNetflix noma iSpotify nazo zizobakhona kuSteamOS ukuze ungabi nesithukuthezi okwesikhashana futhi ukwazi ukufinyelela kokuqukethwe okubukwayo.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi inguqulo ephathekayo yoMshini We-Steam (iSmach Z, okufana ne-Sony's PSP noma i-DS yeNitendo. Ikhonsoli yephakethe enezici ezikhethekile ze-STeam Machine. Kunamahlebezi okuthi ingakhishwa ngalo nyaka ka-2016, ngakho-ke sizolalela lesi sikole. Okwamanje siyazi ukuthi kuzobiza cishe ama- $ 299 nokuthi cishe kuzobiza cishe ama- € 300 eYurophu ngale mania egazi yokuguqula i- $ = €, kulimaze abasebenzisi baseYurophu.

Siyazi ukuthi I-Steam Machine Portable noma i-SMACH Z izohlanganisa i-AMD G-Series SoC "ISteppe Eagle" enezinhlamvu zeJaguar kanye neRadeon GPU edidiyelwe ngokuxhaswa kweGCN. Izofaka futhi i-4GB ye-RAM, i-32GB yememori yangaphakathi ye-flash yokugcina kanye nokukwazi ukunwetshwa kusetshenziswa amakhadi we-SD. I-USB-OTG nayo izosekelwa, isikrini sokuthinta esingu-5-inch 720p, okulungiswayo nokuthinta amaphedi womdlalo wokudlala, ukukhishwa kwe-HDMI, iWi-Fi, iBluetooth, kanye nokuxhuma kwe-4G.

Amandla Omshini Wentuthu

UGabe Newell, omunye wabasunguli beValve, ugxeke kakhulu amanye amapulatifomu njenge-PlayStation, i-Xbox kanye ne-Nintendo, ukubabheka njengokubi kwezinye izici, noma kunjalo, i-Valve idalele izihloko zemidlalo yevidiyo yazo zonke. Kungakho-ke mhlawumbe umbono weza ukuzakhela eyayo inkundla yemidlalo yevidiyo, iSteam Machine, lapho kuhlanganiswe khona umqondo nefilosofi yeValve.

Ake sibheke ukuthi ngabe lokhu kubuyekezwa nokulungiswa endaweni yesikhulumi se-Steam Machine kuyenzile ngempela ipulatifomu esebenzayo. Okokuqala uthi uMshini Wentuthu ingaxhasa i-multiboot ukuqala kokubili iSteamOS nokufinyelela kuyo yonke imidlalo yevidiyo yeLinux, njengaleyo yohlelo lokusebenza lweWindows. Kulula ngisho ukufaka ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene ngaphandle kwemikhawulo emikhulu (njengoba ubungeke ukwenze kwi-PC ejwayelekile) njengakwamanye amapulatifomu afana ne-Xbox, lapho abaduni bakwazi khona ukufaka i-Linux distro ngomzamo omkhulu, futhi kwenzeka okufanayo ku-PlayStation.

Ngaphandle kwalokhu kuguquguquka kokubili lapho ufaka / unweba i-hardware nezinhlelo zokusebenza, zinikeza Umshini We-Steam nge ukuhambisana okubanzi kunabancintisana nabo, ngaphezu kokwenza kube lula kubathuthukisi begeyimu yevidiyo ukuthi kungadingeki benze izinguquko ezinkulu ukufaka izihloko zabo, ngoba basebenza imidlalo efanayo naleyo yezinhlelo zokusebenza esesizibalile, ngaphandle kokuthenga izihloko ezithile zeSteam Machine njengoba kunjalo I-Xbox, i-Wii noma i-PlayStation.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-PlayStation, i-Xbox noma i-Wii, ukunikeza izibonelo ezimbalwa, inikeze amapulatifomu abo ezitolo online ukuthola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezandisa ukusebenza kwamapulatifomu abo ngale kwemidlalo yevidiyo. Kepha i-StemOS, ekubeni yi-distro, ungathembela enkululekweni eyengeziwe, ukufaka zonke izinhlobo zesoftwareNgisho nezinhlelo ezingahlangene nakancane nezokuzijabulisa kwidijithali noma i-multimedia, ngokwesibonelo i-office suite, i-compiler, noma isoftware yokwenza izinto ezithile ukunikeza izibonelo ezimbalwa. Futhi-ke qhubeka ube nezihloko ezivela esitolo seSteam. Ngamanye amagama, ukuba noMshini we-Steam kusho ukuba nokuguquguquka nokuguquguquka okuvunyelwa yi-PC.

Amanani, Umshini weSteam vs ukuncintisana

Ngaphandle kwalokhu okungenhla, enye ye- izikhuthazo zokuthenga Umshini We-Steam uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhulumi somncintiswano, kuyinani laso. AbakwaSony, iNintendo neMicrosoft babeka amanani athile kwimishini yabo, kepha ngabasabalalisi abahlukile beSteam Machine, lokhu kusho ukuncintisana okukhulu nokutholakala kwamamodeli amaningi namanani ahlukile. Isibonelo, i-Alienware (isigaba esiphakeme sokusebenza kukaDell) sikhiphe amamodeli asukela ku- $ 599 kuya ku- $ 919, kanti uSyber ukhiphe ukucushwa kusuka ku- $ 499 kuya ku- $ 1419. Futhi khumbula ukuthi ungahlala uzakhela eyakho ...

La USony PS4 ungayithola kusuka ku- € 339 kuye ku- 400 noma ngaphezulu kuya ngomthamo futhi uma kuyiphakethe lokunikezwa elibandakanya umdlalo wevidiyo. IMicrosoft ibeke i-Xbox One yayo ngamanani azungeze u- € 469 enguqulweni yayo ngomthamo omkhulu wedrayivu, kepha ungabathola futhi cishe ngama- € 350. Ngakho-ke amanani awahluka kakhulu maqondana noMshini We-Steam uma ungathathi uhlobo oluphezulu olweqa la manani kuze kube manje, yize uzophinde ube nehadiwe enamandla kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokukhokha lokhu (abathengisi banamanani asuka ku- $ 499 kuya ku- $ 6000), ungaba nawo, njengoba besiphinda, ipulatifomu eguquguqukayo kakhulu, engakusiza ngaphezu kwekhonsoli elula yegumbi lokuhlala, kakhulu kuneMedia Center, i-PC egcwele izinhloso egumbini lakho lokuphumula. I- abasabalalisi noma abathengisi Bazokunikeza ezinye izindlela eziningi, ungabona imikhiqizo ye-Alienware, Materiel.Net, Alternate, Next, CyberPowerPC, Origin, Digital Storm, Scan Computers, Falcon Northwest, Webhallen, GigaByte, Zotac, iBuyPower, Maingear (futhi kuzoba khona ngaphezulu) noma wena.

Njengoba besisho, i-Xbox ine- uhlelo lokusebenza ngokuya nge-Microsoft Windows NT kernel ebizwa nge-Xbox OS. I-PlayStation nayo inohlelo olusebenzayo olwenziwe ngabakwaSony futhi olubizwa nge-Orbis OS, olususelwa kuFreeBSD futhi lune-modular kernel, futhi yize isuselwe kusistimu yokusebenza yomthombo ovulekile, khumbula ukuthi ilayisense le-BSD likuvumela ukuthi udale okuphuma kuvaliwe (bona iMac OS X) ngakho-ke i-Orbis OS nayo ivaliwe. Okokugcina, iNitendo ibuye isebenzise isistimu yokusebenza ekhethekile, ephethwe yinkampani kusukela ekuqaleni, ngaphandle kokuncika kunoma yini.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kumshini we-Steam sesivele sazi ukuthi singakwazi unakho kokubili iWindows neSteamOS ngokusekelwa okusemthethweni, ngaphezu kokukwazi ukufaka noma yiluphi olunye uhlelo lokusebenza kanye neMac OS X enesithombe se-hackintosh sohlelo lwe-Apple, i-Android, njll. Umhlaba wonke ovulekile wokuba nesoftware futhi nakanjani imidlalo yevidiyo yalezi zingxenyekazi. Ungakwazi nokufaka ama-emulators athile ukuze udlale imidlalo yamavidiyo yakudala noma amanye amapulatifomu ngendlela obungathanda ngayo kwi-PC yakho.

Umlawuli we-Steam

Onamandla Valve knob, Steam Isilawuli, yanikezwa ama-gamepads athintekayo, into emangaze abaningi. Umbono wokuqala ongakunika wona ukuthi ukuxubana phakathi kwesilawuli segeyimu yevidiyo negundane, okunesisindo esihle sokuthuthukisa imizwa phakathi nomdlalo, i-ergonomic ukuze ungalimazi izandla zakho ngesikhathi sakho sokudlala futhi ngempendulo efanelekile. Bafika nencwadi yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, kepha bakutshele ukuthi kulula kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa. Uma ungenayo, ungakwazi ithenge ne-PC yakho esitolo se-Steam, lapho uzothola khona amaphakethe wokunikezwa wesilawuli kude se-Steam.

Amapayipi alo athintekayo azwela kakhulu ekuthinteni, esikhundleni sezinhlamvu ezimbili zokuthokozisa ze-analog zezilawuli ezivamile. Lawa ma-pads anokudlidlizelela ukuphendula ezenzweni zakho, futhi isilawuli uqobo silungiseka kahle, ngakho-ke ungabeka imephu izinkinobho zekhibhodi ukuze usebenze kusuka ku-Steam Controller yakho kumdlalo wakho owuthandayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inenhlamvu yokukhomba nokudubula, isenzo esiphindwe kabili esizokhethwa ngokwamandla osicindezela ngawo. Kepha into enhle kakhulu ngeSteam Controller ukuthi uma ungayithandi, ungakhetha ukusebenzisa noma isiphi esinye isilawuli, igundane, ikhibhodi, induku yokudlala, isondo lokushayela, noma yini oyifunayo.

Imidlalo Yomshini Wentuthu

Isigaba sokugcina, futhi okungenani, sisebenza ngemidlalo yevidiyo etholakalayo ye-Steam Machine. Njengoba sesishilo, ungaba nesoftware eningi yeWindows noma iSteamOS, kuya ngohlobo lweSteam Machine (kukhona namamodeli ama-boot amabili) nohlelo olusebenzayo olufakayo. Inqwaba yezihloko ezitholakala esitolo se-Steam zikulindile, kanye nakwezinye izitolo ezahlukahlukene ezihambisana ne-Steam Machine. Ku-Steam kunezihloko ezingaphezu kuka-1000 ze-Steam Machine futhi ezikhulayo… (imidlalo engaphezu kwe-1500 yeSteamOS / Linux).

Futhi, amaValve akunikeza izinsiza ephaketheni lakho nge-Steam Play, okuzokuvumela ukuthi uthenge umdlalo wevidiyo wesikhulumi esisodwa futhi udlale kunoma iyiphi enye ngaphandle kwezindleko ezingeziwe. Isibonelo, uma uthenga umdlalo we-Mac OS X futhi ufuna ukudlala ku-Windows noma kwi-Linux ngaphandle kokuthenga inguqulo yalezi zinhlelo ezisebenzayo futhi, unga. Okuthile amanye amapulatifomu angafaki, nokuthi uma uthenga isihloko sohlelo oluthile, kuzofanela ukhokhe futhi ukuze ube nesihloko kwenye ingxenyekazi ...

Kepha iValve ayimanga ndawonye, ​​ibuye yenze imizamo yokuheha onjiniyela. Isibonelo kwaba iphrojekthi yakho ye-ToGL yomthombo ovulekile, esiza ukufaka amageyimu wevidiyo enzelwe i- I-DirectX ku-OpenGL ngendlela elula, evumela onjiniyela ukuthi bashicilele izihloko ze-multiplatform ngendlela elula. I-Valve's Steamworks API futhi ivumela ukufaka imidlalo ye-SteamOS kwamanye ama-distros we-GNU / Linux ngaphandle kokulungiswa okukhulu, okwenza kube lula ukugxila kuzinsizakusebenza ekukhipheni izihloko eziningi hhayi kwimizamo emikhulu yokuzifaka.