Ezinyangeni ezedlule mina nozakwethu besihlanganisa Izindaba mayelana nokwakamuva kwe-Artificial Intelligence. Njengezinye izinto eziningi, lezi zinzuzo ziwumphumela wendlela ende eyaqala emicabangweni yababhali bamanoveli futhi yahlanganisa nokukhwabanisela okuhlakaniphile. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe nakulokhu okulandelayo, sizokwenza umlando omfushane we-Artificial Intelligence.
Nakuba lobu buchwepheshe bube nathi isikhathi eside bebengatholakali kumthengi jikelele. Okungenani hhayi ngezinga lekhwalithi Banezinsizakalo ezifana ne-ChatGPT.
Umlando Omfishane Wokuhlakanipha Kokwenziwa
Akekho owazi kahle ukuthi abantu bawuthola nini umqondo wokudala amathuluzi angenza izinto ezifanayo. Kodwa, umqondo uvela kokubili izinganekwane nezincwadi. Yiqiniso, kwakungekho ukukhuluma ngama-microprocessors noma isofthiwe, kodwa ngokwakhiwa okungaphezulu noma okuncane kwe-anthropomorphic.enziwe ngobumba, ngokhuni noma ngisho nezingxenye zomzimba womuntu.
Futhi, yiqiniso, kwakungekho ukushoda kwama-fake.
Cishe ngonyaka wama-800, isifanekiso sikaNkulunkulu u-Amoni sakhetha ozongena esikhundleni sikaFaro phakathi kwezindlalifa ezazihamba phambi kwaso. Ngemva kokumbamba ehlombe, wayethula inkulumo. Lobu buchwepheshe bungaba umona we-MIT kanye ne-OpenAI ukube bekungengenxa yokuthi isoftware ebibuphethe bekungumpristi ofihliwe ngaphakathi kwayo.
Emakhulwini eminyaka alandelayo Kwakhiwa imishini ehlukahlukene, esebenzisa amanzi noma isitimu, ilingise ukuziphatha okuthile noma yenze imisebenzi ethile evamile kubantu noma izilwane.. Zazaziwa ngokuthi i-automata.
Yiqiniso, i-automata ayikwazi ukufakwa njengobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Ngokusho kwencazelo yakudala kaMarvin Minsky:
I-Artificial intelligence isayensi ezama ukuthola imishini yokwenza imisebenzi engadinga ubuhlakani uma yenziwa ngabantu.
Inkinga ye-Turing kanye ne-Entscheidungs
Ngokusho kosomlando, isinyathelo sokuqala esiphathekayo esibheke ku-Artificial Intelligence safinyelelwa ngenxa ye-Entscheidungsproblem. Cha, angibhali ukuthimula kwami. Leli gama laqanjwa isazi sezibalo uDavid Hilbert ngo-1928. Inkinga ngaleli gama ukuthi lokho kokwazi ukuthi zikhona yini izinkinga zezibalo ezingaxazululeki ngendlela ehlelekile.
Izibalo ziyafona Izinkinga ezinqumayo kulabo abanezimpendulo ezimbili ezingaba: YEBO noma CHA. Izibonelo ezimbili kungaba
Ingabe u-x inombolo eyinhloko?
Ingabe u-X*Y ulingana no-Z?
Lolu hlobo lwenkinga lungaxazululwa yinoma ubani olandela indlela ngendlela efanayo ongalungisa ngayo ikhekhe ngemiyalo yeresiphi yokupheka. Yindaba yesikhathi nje. U-Hilbert wayefuna ukwazi uma kunezinkinga ezinganqunywa ezingakuvumi ukusetshenziswa kwendlela.
Namuhla igama lika-Alan Turing laziwa emhlabeni wonke, ngokuyisisekelo ngeqhaza lakhe ekuchazeni i-Enigma, umshini wekhodi waseJalimane lamaNazi, kanye nokugwetshwa kwakhe ngobungqingili eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva. Bambalwa abazi ukuthi enye yezimpumelelo zakhe zokuqala kwakuwukuphendula inkinga ye-Entscheidungs.
Indlela yakhe kwakuwukucabanga ukuba khona komshini ongaxazulula izinkinga ngokulandela imiyalelo evezwe ngendlela yezibalo. Ngamanye amazwi, idivaysi ifunde izimpawu eziqukethwe kukhasethi bese izishintsha ngokulandela uchungechunge lwemiyalelo.
Ngokusho kukaTuring, lo mshini wawunamandla okukhumbula angenamkhawulo ngenxa ye-tape engapheli ehlukaniswe izikwele, lapho uphawu lungaphrintwa khona. Ngaso sonke isikhathi umshini kufanele ube nophawu olulayishiwe ongalulungisa. Ukuguqulwa okungaphansi kukho kunqunywa ingxenye yophawu ngokwalo. Izimpawu kwenye indawo kutheyiphu akuthinti ukuziphatha kwayo ngaphandle uma itheyiphu isuswa futhi olunye uphawu luthatha indawo yophawu olufundiwe.
Izingxenye zomshini yilezi:
- Itheyiphu ehlukaniswe ibhokisis equkethe izimpawu (Kunophawu olukhethekile lwamabhokisi angenalutho
- ikhanda ofunda abhale izimpawu bese enyakazisa itheyipu.
- Irekhodi lokho kubonisa isimo somshini ngaso sonke isikhathi.
- uchungechunge lwemiyalelo okuvela kuphawu nerejista yesimo ekhombisa okufanele kwenziwe ngokulandelayo.