U-Ariadne Conill usanda kugxeka inqubomgomo ye-Free Software Foundation ku-firmware yobunikazi kanye ne-microcode, kanye nemithetho yesinyathelo esithi "Hlonipha Inkululeko Yakho" ehlose ukuqinisekisa amadivayisi ahlangabezana nezidingo zobumfihlo nenkululeko yomsebenzisi.
Ngokusho kuka-Ariadne, inqubomgomo yesisekelo ikhawulela abasebenzisi kuzingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha eziphelelwe yisikhathi, ikhuthaza abakhiqizi abafuna isitifiketi sokuklama ngokweqile izakhiwo zehadiwe, idikibalisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinye izindlela zamahhala ku-firmware yobunikazi, futhi yenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa izinqubo zokuphepha ezinhle.
Inkinga kungenxa yokuthi isitifiketi esithi “Hlonipha Inkululeko Yakho” ingatholwa kuphela idivayisi lapho yonke isofthiwe enikeziwe kufanele ibe mahhala, okuhlanganisa i-firmware elayishwe yi-CPU enkulu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, I-firmware esetshenziswa kumaphrosesa ashumekiwe engeziwe ingase ihlale ivaliwe, uma zingabandakanyi izibuyekezo ngemuva kokuthi idivayisi iwela ezandleni zomthengi. Isibonelo, idivayisi kufanele ithunyelwe nge-BIOS yamahhala, kodwa i-microcode elayishwe isuka ku-chipset iye ku-CPU, i-firmware kuya kumadivayisi e-I/O, kanye nezilungiselelo zokuxhumana ze-FPGA zangaphakathi zingahlala ziyimfihlo.
Kudaleka isimo lapho uma i-firmware yokuphathelene ilayishwa ngesikhathi sokuqaliswa kwesistimu yokusebenza, okokusebenza akukwazi ukuthola isitifiketi esivela ku-Free Software Foundation, kodwa uma i-firmware ngenjongo efanayo ilayishwa nge-chip ehlukile, idivayisi ingakwazi ukuthola isitifiketi esivela ku-Free Software Foundation. gunyazwe.
Le ndlela ibhekwa njengephutha, ngoba esimweni sokuqala i-firmware ibonakala ngokucacile, umsebenzisi ulawula ukulanda kwayo, uyazi ngakho, angakwazi ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuphepha okuzimele, futhi uma i-analogue yamahhala ivela, kulula ukuyishintsha. Esimweni sesibili, i-firmware iyibhokisi elimnyama, eliyinkinga yokuqinisekisa futhi ubukhona bayo umsebenzisi angase angazi, ekholelwa ngamanga ukuthi yonke isofthiwe ingaphansi kokulawula kwakhe.
Njengesibonelo sokukhohlisa okufihliwe nge-firmware, i-smartphone ye-Librem 5 inikezwa:
Ku-SoC lapho kusetshenziswa iphrosesa ehlukile ukuqalisa ikhompuyutha (DDR4) nokulayisha ama-blobs adingekayo. Ngemuva kokuthi isigaba sokuqala sesiqediwe, ukulawula kudluliselwe ku-CPU eyinhloko futhi iphrosesa engumsizi yacishwa. Ngokusemthethweni, uhlelo olunjalo aluzange lwephule imibandela yokuthola isitifiketi ku-Free Software Foundation, njengoba i-kernel ne-BIOS ayizange ilayishe ama-blobs kanambambili (ekugcineni, naphezu kwalezi zinkinga, i-Purism ayikwazanga ukuthola isitifiketi).
Ukukhathazeka ngokuvikeleka nokuzinza futhi bakha izincomo ze-FSF zokusebenzisa i-Linux Libre kernel ne-Libreboot firmware, kukhishwe kuma-blobs alayishwe ku-hardware. Ukulandela lezi zincomo kungaholela ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zokwehluleka futhi kufihle izexwayiso mayelana nesidingo sokufaka isibuyekezo se-firmware seziphazamisi ezingalungisiwe kanye nezinkinga zokuphepha ezingaba khona (isibonelo, ngaphandle kwesibuyekezo se-firmware, uhlelo luzohlala lusengozini yokuhlaselwa kwe-Meltdown kanye ne-Specter).
Ukukhubaza ukubuyekezwa kwe-microcode kuthathwa njengokuwumbudane, esimweni sokuthi inguqulo eshumekiwe ye-microcode efanayo, lapho ubungozi kanye neziphazamisi ezingalungisiwe zisala, zilayishwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqalisa i-chip.
Esinye isikhalazo sibhekisela ekungenzeki kokuthola isitifiketi Hlonipha Inkululeko Yakho yehadiwe yesimanje (imodeli entsha yamakhompuyutha aphathekayo aqinisekisiwe isukela ngo-2009). Ukunikezwa isitifiketi kwamadivayisi amasha kuphazanyiswa ukuba khona kobuchwepheshe obufana ne-Intel ME.
Isibonelo, i-laptop ye-Framework iza ne-firmware evulekile futhi igxile ekulawuleni okuphelele komsebenzisi, kodwa mancane amathuba okuthi inconywe i-Free Software Foundation ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamaphrosesa e-Intel anobuchwepheshe be-Intel ME (ukuze kucishwe indlela ye-Intel Management Engine). , engasusa wonke amamojula e-Intel ME ku-firmware, engahlobene nokuqaliswa kwe-CPU yokuqala, futhi ikhubaze umshayeli we-Intel ME oyinhloko isebenzisa inketho engabhaliwe efana ne-System76 nezinkampani ze-Purism ezikwenza kumakhompyutha azo aphathekayo) .
Okokugcina, uma ungathanda ukwazi okwengeziwe ngakho, ungathintana nemininingwane ku isixhumanisi esilandelayo.