Ungabhekabheka kanjani ngasese ngokuvikelwa kokulwa nokulandela umkhondo

Ngemuva kwe- Amahlazo e-espionage ahlangabezane neminyaka edlule, ubumfihlo nokuphepha kubonakala sekuyimfashini. Kungakho amanye amathuluzi ezelwe kabusha asisiza ukuthi sihambe ngokuphepha noma sithuthukise ubumfihlo bethu. Cishe konke esikwenzayo kuyalandelelwa, noma ngabe kwenzelwa inzuzo noma ukuthola imininingwane esizoyithengisa kubantu besithathu. Lokhu akwenzeki kuphela lapho usesha inetha, kodwa futhi nalapho sisebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza noma sidlala imidlalo.

Kulesi sihloko sizozama ukwenza okokufundisa okuphelele kokuthi ungayifaka kanjani inethi ngendlela ephephe futhi eyimfihlo. Lokhu kutholakala ngokususa ukulandela ngomkhondo ngamathuluzi athile namafomula esizowabona esifundweni sonke. Khumbula ukuthi kunethiwekhi kunezindlela eziningi zokulandela ngomkhondo ukwenza ifayili le- ukuqapha okuqhubekayo nokuqedela konke ukunyakaza, hhayi ngomlando noma ngamakhukhi kuphela, kepha ngokuqhubekayo.

Isingeniso kanye nemiqondo eyisisekelo

Ukulandelwa esikuthumela kunethiwekhi, kuyindlela yokulandelela esetshenziselwa izinhloso ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, amakhukhi asetshenziswa amasayithi ukwazi lapho uke wabhekabheka khona ngaphambilini noma izinkampani zokukhangisa (i-Google uqobo) ukunikela ngezikhangiso ngokusho kosesho lwakho. Wake waqaphela ukuthi uma wenza ukusesha ku-Google, noma ngubani "ngokumangazayo" uvela izikhangiso ezihlobene nalokho kusesha kumawebhusayithi owafinyelela kamuva?

Isibonelo, uma iGoogle "ithelevishini", kungenzeka, uma ufinyelela noma iyiphi iwebhusayithi, noma ngabe iyini, izikhangiso noma ingxenye yazo kuzoqondiswa ukuthengiswa kwamathelevishini. Lokhu kukhangisa okuhlakaniphile kusebenza kakhulu futhi kwenziwe kube ngokwakho kumsebenzisi ngamunye, okuvumela imiphumela engcono. Kepha ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, uhlelo lwesikhangiso kufanele lwazi umlando wakho wokuphequlula noma wokusesha.

Esinye isibonelo esinaso ku- ukulandelwa kwewebhu, ukuqapha okwenziwa yiwebhu esifinyelela kuyo nalapho idatha efana nesikhathi sokufinyelela, imvelaphi, isiphequluli esisisebenzisayo, isistimu yokusebenza esifinyelele kuyo, njll. Lokhu kungasiza abaphathi nabaphathi bewebhu, kepha futhi kuthatha ukuthi idatha yabiwa ngaphandle kwemvume yakho, ngoba ayikuniki ithuba elincane lokuthi wenqabe ukuyaba.

Amakhukhi kungenye inkinga, futhi muva nje inqubomgomo yawo ishintshiwe futhi kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi lapho ufinyelela kumawebhusayithi amaningi umyalezo uvela ukuthi kufanele wamukele noma uvale ngenqubomgomo yekhukhi yesayithi. A ikhukhi noma ikhukhi, yifayela elincane elinolwazi yomsebenzisi okugcinwa yisiphequluli ukuze iwebhu ikwazi ukuxhumana nomsebenzi wangaphambilini womsebenzisi. Zisetshenziswa zombili ukulawula abasebenzisi, ukuqoqa imininingwane ngemikhuba yokuphequlula, njll. Izingozi kakhulu yilezo ezabiwe nabantu besithathu futhi yilezo ezisetshenziselwa ukukhangisa njengoba sishilo ezigabeni ezedlule.

Futhi sengathi lokhu bekunganele, asiyeki ukushiya imininingwane ngathi ekuxhumaneni nomphakathi, nakwamanye amarekhodi ewebhu. Sibala impilo yethu futhi sikuqinisekisa ngezithombe, sisho ukuthi senzani ngaso sonke isikhathi, sinobani, sikuphi, amagama aphelele, nomlando wezokwelapha. Imininingwane efanele kakhulu engasetshenziswa kabi ukumelana nathi. Njengama-movie abaseshi, konke okushoyo kungasetshenziswa ngokumelene nawe ...

Uhulumeni noma ama-ISPs (Abahlinzeki be-Intanethi abanjengoTelefonica, iVodafone, iOno, iJazztel, iOrange, ...) banomlando ophelele wakho konke ukuphequlula kwethu, bayakwazi esikwenzayo futhi kufanele babheke umlando obhaliswe kumaseva ukwazi lokho esikwenzayo , noma ngabe sisuse umlando wethu wokuzulazula, amakhukhi, njll. Lokhu yilokho okusetshenziswa ezinye izifundazwe ukulwa nobugebengu, ngoba i-ISP ingakwazi ukuthi ngabe ufinyelele kumawebhusayithi wokulanda okungekho emthethweni noma usebenzisa iBitTorrent, aMule noma izinhlelo ezifanayo zokulanda ...

Kukhona nezinkampani noma izinkampani zangaphandle ezifaka ikhodi kuwebhusayithi ngayinye ukulahla imininingwane ama-ISP noma ohulumeni abakwaziyo ukuyenza bese benza ngayo…. ini? Ekugcineni, ukususa umkhondo wethu we-inthanethi ngokungagwegwesi kunzima Futhi yize kunezinkampani ezinikele kulokhu, angicabangi ukuthi kushibhile noma kulula ukukwenzela umsebenzisi othile ngaphandle kokwazi okuphezulu. Ngakho-ke, sizozama ukushiya umkhondo omncane ngangokunokwenzeka futhi yilokho okushiwo yilo mbhalo, yize kungafanele ukuthi sibe ngamaphara, kepha ngenxa yezizathu zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha, sinelungelo lobumfihlo bethu.

Izixazululo zokulwa nokulandela kanye nobumfihlo

Sizochaza uchungechunge lwezixazululo ukugwema ukulandela umkhondo nokuphequlula iwebhu ngokuphepha nangokungaziwa. Njengoba ubonile esigabeni esedlule, ubumfihlo kuwebhu abukho, kepha singenza okuthile ukuze singaziwa kancane. Sizochaza kusuka ezinkambisweni eziyisisekelo futhi ezingasebenzi kahle kakhulu kuya kwezithuthuke kakhulu neziphumelelayo.

Susa amakhukhi

Isixazululo esilula ngukuthi susa amakhukhi ethu nomlando wethu njalo lapho sivala isiphequluli sethu, lokhu kuzosisiza. Ezinye iziphequluli, ezinjengeSafari kumadivayisi we-Apple noma i-Internet Explorer ye-Microsoft, azinakho okukhethwa kukho ukusula amakhukhi ngokuzenzakalela lapho uphuma, yize enezinketho zokuwasusa ngesandla. Lokhu akusikhathazi kakhulu, ngoba ingosi yethu iyiLinux futhi asizisebenzisi lezi ziphequluli. Ukususa amakhukhi:

• I-Google Chrome / Chromium: Siya kuzilungiselelo, chofoza "Khombisa izinketho ezithuthukile", bese siya esigabeni sobumfihlo bese uchofoza inkinobho yezilungiselelo zokuqukethwe. Lapho siguqula inketho yamaKhukhi ithi "Gcina idatha yendawo ngize ngivale isiphequluli."
• IMozilla Firefox nezisuselwa kuyo: siya kumenyu yokukhetha, sichofoza kuthebhu yobumfihlo, esigabeni somlando, sikhetha "izilungiselelo ezenziwe zaba ngezakho" bese sishintsha inketho yokugcina amakhukhi ku- "Ngize ngivale iFirefox".

Imodi ye-Incognito

Kokubili iGoogle Chrome neMozilla Firefox, nezinye iziphequluli ezifanayo esizisebenzisa kuLinux, zinikela nge- imodi ye-incognito noma ukuphequlula okuyimfihlo. Ngalokhu sifeza okuthile okufana nalokho okuchazwe esigabeni esedlule, okungukuthi, ukuthi amawebhusayithi awakwazi ukufinyelela ebufakazini bethu futhi umkhondo wethu awugcinwanga emlandweni. Kepha kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi lokhu akusho ukuthi ukudlula enethiwekhi akaziwa. Okwakho:

• I-Google Chrome / Chromium: Siya kwimenyu yamathuluzi bese uchofoza ku- «Iwindi elisha elingaziwa», lokhu kuzovula iwindi elisha ngale ndlela ephephile yokuphequlula. Kukhona nesinqamuleli sekhibhodi ngokucindezela izinkinobho ze-Ctrl + Shift + N.
• IMozilla Firefox kanye nokususwayo: kuFirefox nakwabanye, ayibizwa ngemodi ye-incognito, kodwa "Ukuphequlula Okuyimfihlo". Siya kwimenyu yamathuluzi bese sichofoza ku- «Iwindi elisha langasese». Uma ufuna isinqamuleli, cindezela u-Ctrl + Shift + P.

I-Firefox Anti-Tracking

IMozilla yinkampani ebilokhu inakekela isoftware yamahhala nobumfihlo nezintshisekelo zabasebenzisi. Ngalesi sizathu, bayaqhubeka nokusebenza, kwesinye isikhathi belwa nawo wonke umuntu futhi benenqwaba yezingqinamba, ukwenza ukuphequlula kube ngasese futhi kuphephe ngangokunokwenzeka. IFirefox kusuka kunguqulo 43 nayo ihlanganisa indlela yokuvimba yokulandelela evela eceleni. Isebenzisa uhlu oluzenzakalelayo olunikezwe iDisconnect.me, noma ingaguqulwa.

Kepha ngoba sebenzisa ukuvikelwa kokulwa nokulandelwa, kumele siye kumenyu yamathuluzi, bese siye kokuncamelayo, nobumfihlo, ukwenza kusebenze i- "Tshela amasayithi ukuthi angakulandeli" nokuthi "Sebenzisa ukuvikelwa ekulandeleni izinzuzo eziyimfihlo". Ukushintsha uhlu oluvimbayo, singaya kwimenyu yamathuluzi (uyazi, imigoqo emithathu engaphezulu kwesokudla), Okuncamelayo, bese kubumfihlo, inkinobho ethi "Shintsha Uhlu Lwamabhulokhi" bese ukhetha uhlu lwamabhulokhi esilufunayo. Silondoloza ushintsho futhi samukele. Kuzoqala ukusebenza ngemuva kokuqala kabusha iFirefox.

Izithako

Kukhona izengezo kuzo zombili i-Chrome (i-Chromium) neFirefox (nezisuswayo), esingazifaka kusuka esitolo se-plug-in kanye nesengezo esinikezwa yilezi ziphequluli ezimbili. Ukufaka kulula, singena eSitolo sesiphequluli sethu futhi ngenjini yokusesha sibheka isandiso esisifunayo bese uchofoza inkinobho yokwengeza noma yokufaka. Ingabe mayelana izengezo ezizosisiza sigcine ubumfihlo bethu:

• I-AdBlock: Kunconywe kakhulu ukuvimba izikhangiso, ngakho-ke asigcini nje ngokugwema izikhangiso ezivelayo eziqeda isikhathi sethu, kepha futhi sigwema nokulandela amakhasi athile nezinkinobho zomphakathi.
• I-Ghostery: Ingenye yezintandokazi, futhi yize ngokuzenzakalela ingavimbeli amasayithi futhi kufanele uwalungiselele, kuyasebenza impela. Ngayo sigwema ukunikeza ulwazi kubantu besithathu lapho sibhekabheka.
• I-DoNotTrackMe: ikuvumela ukuthi uvimbe futhi ubuke izibalo zamasayithi avinjelwe ukugcina ithrekhi. Yize inezinketho ezimbalwa kune-Ghostery, iyasebenza kakhulu, noma ingacasula lapho kuvalwa iwindi ...
• Ungalandeli Okungaphezulu: Akusebenzi kakhulu, kepha kuhle ukugwema ukuthi amasayithi angasilandeli noma asilandele. Ngithi akusebenzi ngoba konke kuxhomeke ekutheni ngubani onikeza lesi sikhangiso, ngoba ngqo lezo ezingenankinga kakhulu zizovinjwa futhi okuhlasela kakhulu ngeke kuvinjwe ...
• I-NoScript: Ivimba imibhalo noma amakhodi wewebhu, esebenza kahle kakhulu, kepha ikwazi ukukhubaza izici eziningi namathuluzi esinikezwa yiwebhu, ngoba ivimba okuqukethwe kuJavaScript naseJava, ngakho-ke inamandla kakhulu.
• Nqamula: Kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa ukubonga kusixhumi esibonakalayo sayo esilula, futhi icishe ifane neGhostery noma iDoNotTrackMe, yize inenzuzo, futhi kungenzeka ukuphoqa i-HTTPS kuwo wonke amawebhusayithi ukwenza ngcono ukuphepha.

Ama-Tor nama-VPNs

Kepha uma sifuna ukuthatha isinyathelo sobungcweti ekuphishekeleni ubumfihlo, kuzofanela sisebenzise izindlela ezinqala kakhulu. Futhi enye yezinketho ezinhle kakhulu Isiphequluli seTor neTor (kusekelwe kuFirefox). Yize sikwazi ukuguqula i-Chrome neFirefox, kanye nezinye iziphequluli ukusebenzisa iTor, kungahle kube lula ukusebenzisa iTr Browser ngqo, ngoba inguquko eguquliwe yeFirefox ukuyivumelanisa neTor kanye nezinye izixazululo zokulwa nokulandela umkhondo.

Yize uTor naye ungasiyisa e-deepweb (Khumbula ukuthi inethiwekhi ifana neqhwa, futhi uma uphequlula iGoogle nezinye izinjini zokusesha, leyo ndawo enkulu kakhulu imele kuphela iphuzu leqhwa, kodwa kunokunye okuningi okucwile kuleyo Internet ejulile okungebona bonke bethu abakwaziyo ukungena ngaphandle kwayo Tor), inethiwekhi emnyama lapho ungathola khona izinto ezinhle nezinto ezimbi, awudingi ukungena enkingeni uma ungafuni. Kepha hheyi, lesi ngesinye isihloko esingeke singene kuso ...

Sebenzisa iTor ngokuqhubekayo kungangakhululeki, kepha kungafaneleka kakhulu ku- zula ngaphandle kokulandelelwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Enye indlela ukusebenzisa i-VPN (i-Virtual Private Network) noma i-Virtual Private Network, lapho ithrafikhi ibhalwe khona futhi izokungaqondakali kubantu besithathu ngisho naku-ISP. Kunjengokungathi senze icebo eliyimfihlo kwi-Intanethi, umhubhe we-VPN esingawuthola ngezindlela ezithile ezilula zokwenza ama-VPN afana ne-Astrill (ishibhile futhi inezinhlelo zokukhokha nyangazonke ezingaba ngamadola ayisi-6, ngaphandle kwemikhawulo yokulanda kanye neplatform eningi). Yize lokhu kusho ukuthi kuphela amanye amakhompyutha ngaphakathi noma anokufinyelela kuleyo nethiwekhi angayibona.

Ngakho-ke, kushibhile futhi kuyasebenziseka kakhulu ukusebenzisa Tor, njengoba ingumthombo ovulekile futhi mahhala, ngayo yonke into esiyifunayo. Ukuyifaka futhi uyenze isebenze ku-Linux, landela lezi zinyathelo:

• Yilande kusuka kulesi sixhumanisi
• Manje ake siye enkombeni okulandwayo:

cd Descargas

• Sikhipha i-tarball, isibonelo:

tar -xvJf tor-browser-linux-64-5.0.2_LANG.tar.xz

cd tor-browser_en-US

• Manje sifaka, yize lokhu kungahluka:

./ Isiphequluli seTor

[/ ikhodi ebhaliwe]

• Vula isiphequluli se-Tor futhi uzobona ukuthi ukubukeka kwayo kusacishe kufane neFirefox, ngakho-ke ngeke ube nankinga yokuyisebenzisa. Uma une-Firewall esebenzayo kusistimu yakho, ungahle ufune ukumisela amachweba wokuxhuma kusuka kuzilungiselelo ze-Tor Network. Ungamisa futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamaseva we-proxy nezinye izinketho ezithuthukile uma uludinga. Futhi ungakhohlwa, ukuthi ngokususelwa kuFirefox, kungasebenza futhi nezengezo, ukuze ukwazi ukufaka lezo esizibonile ngaphambili, ngokwesibonelo iNoScript ...

Ungakhohlwa ukushiya imibono yakho ngokungabaza, iminikelo, njll.