Sijwayele ukukhuluma ngezisombululo zokuphepha ezisekelwe kwisofthiwe, njenge-antivirus, i-firewall, IDS, izinhlelo zokubethela, i-2FA, njll. Nokho, kwabanye abasebenzisi, i- ukuphepha okusekwe kwihadiwe kuthe xaxa emthunzini, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi bangaba namandla futhi kube lula ukusebenzisa izixazululo kwezinye izimo.
Yingakho nginikezele lesi sihloko ikakhulukazi ku hlinzeka ngalezi zixazululo hardware yokuphepha ongayisebenzisa ekhaya noma enkampanini:
Okhiye be-U2F
I-Las Okhiye be-U2F ashibhile, futhi kuwuhlobo lwe-hardware-based double authentication system. Ukuze usebenzise le divayisi ye-USB, okumele ukwenze nje ukuyixhuma ku-PC yakho njengoba ubungenza i-pendrive, okokuqala kuphela lapho izokhiqiza inombolo engahleliwe ukuze ikhiqize ama-hashes ahlukene azosetshenziselwa ukungena kumapulatifomu axhunyiwe. noma amasevisi.
Uma kufanele ungene kuleyo sevisi, okumele ukwenze nje ukuxhuma ukhiye we-USB ethekwini bese ulinda isiphequluli siyayibona bese siyahlola. Ngale ndlela, abanye abantu ngaphandle kokuba nale divayisi ngeke bakwazi ukufinyelela i-akhawunti yakho noma bayayazi iphasiwedi.
Lezi zikhiye ngokuvamile ehambisanayo ngeziphequluli zewebhu eziphambili, njenge-Mozilla Firefox, i-Google Chrome, i-Opera, njll., kanye nezinye izinsiza ezaziwayo, njenge-Google (GMAIL, Amadokhumenti, Adsense,…), eyinqolobane, i-GitHub, i-Facebook, njll.
Uma unesibindi sokuthenga noma yibaphi kulaba okhiye be-USB, nazi ezinye izincomo (kubalulekile ukuthi babe nesitifiketi se-FIDO2):
hardware firewall
Un ama-firewall, noma ama-firewall, iwuhlelo lokuvikela oluvimba ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi okungagunyaziwe, noma oluvumela ukuxhumana okugunyazwe umsebenzisi noma umlawuli wesistimu. Yebo, ngaphezu kwalezo ezisekelwe ku-software, kukhona nalezo ezisekelwe ku-hardware.
Lawa madivayisi angathakazelisa yezinkampani namaseva, ukwazi ukuzilungiselela ngendlela efanayo nerutha, kusuka kusixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu usebenzisa isiphequluli. Ukwengeza, ukubekwa phakathi kwe-inthanethi nerutha, wonke amadivaysi axhunywe ku-router eshiwo azovikelwa, ngaphandle kokuthi kumiswe ngayinye.
Lawa madivaysi angatholakala ngendlela ehlangene kakhulu, efana nerutha, eyasekhaya, noma yama-server rack. Abanye izincomo Yilezi:
- Okwasekhaya:
- Okwenkampani:
- Okweseva (irack):
I-VPN Router ne-VPN Box
Njengoba wazi, eyodwa I-VPN (Inethiwekhi Yobumfihlo Ye-Virtual) ikuvumela ukuthi udale isiteshi esibethelwe ukuze uphequlule i-inthanethi ngokuvikeleke kakhudlwana. Ukwengeza, kuzovimbela idatha yakho yokuphequlula ukuthi ingafinyelelwa yi-ISP, uzokwazi ukufinyelela okuqukethwe okuvinjiwe endaweni yakho ngokushintsha i-IP iye kwelinye izwe, kuzothuthukisa ukungaziwa kwakho, njll. Eziningi zalezi zinsizakalo zingasetshenziswa ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zamaklayenti, nokho, lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza kufanele zifakwe kudivayisi ngayinye oyixhume kunethiwekhi ukuze zonke zibe ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwe-VPN.
- Izinsizakalo ezihamba phambili ze-VPN
Isixazululo esisodwa ukusebenzisa a vpn umzila/ibhokisi lokho kukuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele lezi zinsizakalo (ExpressVPN, NordVPN, VyperVPN, CyberGhost, Surfshark, IPVanish...) futhi ngaleyo ndlela wonke amadivayisi oxhuma kuwo azovikelwa (amadivayisi eselula, ama-smart TV, ama-consoles, ama-PC, i-IoT, njll. ). Noma belungekho uhlelo lokusebenza lweklayenti lwaleyo nkundla.
Abanye izincomo ze-router kuhle ukusebenzisa ne-VPN:
I-Shellfire nayo inakho vpn ibhokisi, ezizenzakalelayo futhi ezilungiselelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ukwenza izinto zibe lula kubasebenzisi abangebona abezobuchwepheshe:
i-encryption hardware
El ukubethela ngokuvamile kuwumsebenzi "osindayo" we-hardware. Nokho, kukhona amakhadi okubethela kwehadiwe noma izisetshenziswa ezisiza isofthiwe. Lezi zinhlelo zisebenzisa iphrosesa ezinikele kulokhu, okungaba inzuzo. Kukhona okusekelwe kuma-chips e-ARM, ku-x86, futhi kufomethi yekhadi le-PCI, okhiye be-USB bokubethela idatha, njll.
Ezinye zezixazululo ezisebenzayo zokuba neyakho idatha ebethelwe yilezi Okhiye be-USB nama-hard drive angaphandle banesistimu yokubethela eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. lapha ungathola izincomo ezithile like:
Nawe unayo I-Hardware Ebethelwe I-NAS kufakiwe, ukuze ube "nefu" lakho liyimfihlo futhi livikelekile, njengokuthi:
Ihadiwe yethokheni ye-PKI
I-Los Amathokheni e-PKI zingamadivayisi ehadiwe agcina okhiye abayimfihlo nezitifiketi zedijithali ngokuphephile. Uma udinga ukubethela, ukususa ukubhala, noma ukusayinela uhlobo oluthile lwesevisi, inqubo, njll., ungasebenzisa lawa madivayisi ngokuphepha.
Emakethe ungathola eziningana zalezi zixazululo, njengoba IThales Group, ukuphepha okukhulu, labo I-Microcosm, Njll
Nawe unokuthile onakho I-SmartCard noma izifundi zamakhadi ahlakaniphile, kanye ne-DNI ye-electronic ukwenza ukuthengiselana ku-inthanethi. Eminye yale mishini enconyiwe yilezi:
I-SSL/TLS Accelerator
I-Los hardware SSL/TSL accelerators Angamadivayisi aphinde abambe iqhaza ekuvikelekeni, futhi ongawathola kumafomethi ahlukahlukene, njengamakhadi okunweba e-PCI, ngaphezu kokufakwa kuma-rack. Indlela yokukhipha i-CPU kulo msebenzi, njengoba le enye ingxenye izonikezelwa kuyo. Nokho, lezi zinhlelo azisetshenziswa ekhaya noma ebhizinisini elincane, kodwa kumaseva.
Vikela isistimu yokukhokha yehadiwe
Lezi izinhlelo zokukhokha ezivikelekile nge-hardware awenzi umqondo ongako nasekhaya, kodwa ayenzela ezinye izinhlangano, izinkampani, njll. Lezi zinhlelo ze-HSM zingamathuluzi athuthukisa ukuphepha futhi amelana nokuphazanyiswa angasetshenziswa embonini yamabhange okudayisa. Ngakho-ke, inikeza amazinga aphezulu okuvikela okhiye bokubethela, ama-PIN ekhasimende asetshenziswa kumakhadi omugqa kazibuthe kanye nokukhishwa kwe-EMV chip (noma okufanayo), njll. Abanye abahlinzeki balolu hlobo lwezixazululo bakhona Thales, I-PayCore, izinkonzo ezifana I-MyHMS, Njll
I-Wallet noma isikhwama semali yama-cryptocurrencies
Wallet, noma iphothifoliyo, isikhwama semali, isikhwama semali ebonakalayo, nanoma yini ofuna ukuyibiza, iyisistimu yokugcina nokuphatha izimpahla zakho ngezimali ze-crypto. Ingasetshenziswa ngesofthiwe noma ngehadiwe, eklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukugcina okhiye basesidlangalaleni nabayimfihlo bezimali zakho eziyimfihlo.
Abanye izincomo zokuthenga Yilezi:
izinzwa zebhayomethrikhi
Kunezinhlobo eziningi inzwa ye-biometri ukuthuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, futhi lokho okungangena esikhundleni sezindlela zokufinyelela kufake izifakazelo ezivamile (igama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi) ngokuqashelwa kwemingcele eyingqayizivele ye-biometric kumuntu ngamunye. Ngokwesibonelo, kukhona ezifana:
- Izinzwa zezigxivizo zeminwe.
- Ukuqashelwa kobuso.
- ukuqashelwa iris.
- Ukuqashelwa kwenkulumo.
- I-geometry yesandla.
- Ukuqinisekisa isiginesha.
Zingasetshenziselwa izicelo ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ekufinyeleleni isevisi noma ukungena ngemvume, ukuya ekuvuleni iminyango, njll. Ngamanye amazwi, abakwazi nje ukukusiza ukuthi uthuthukise ukuphepha kwedijithali, kodwa futhi ngeleveli yomzimba noma ye-perimeter. Amanye amadivayisi ongaba nentshisekelo kuwo yilawa:
I-Kensington lock nokunye okufanayo
Abadumile kensington lock Kuyisixhumi sokuvikela esingafakwa embotsheni encane efakwe kwamanye amamodeli amakhompuyutha aphathekayo futhi injongo yaso iwukuvimbela ukuntshontshwa kwalawa madivayisi. Isetshenziselwa ukumisa ukhiye futhi yaklanywa futhi yakhiqizwa yi-Kensington Computer Products. Njengamanje, kukhona amanye amabhrendi anikeza izixazululo ezifanayo.
Abanye izincomo zokuthenga Yilezi:
abanye
I-También ikhona ezinye izixazululo eziningi ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwehadiwe, okunye ngaphandle kokungqubuzana, okunye kushibhile kakhulu futhi kusebenza. Kusukela kumakhava avamile amakhamera angaphambili (ikhamera yewebhu yekhompuyutha ephathekayo, i-AIO, omakhalekhukhwini), ukuze angakuqapheli ngaphandle kwemvume yakho, kuye kumajeneretha edatha angamanga njengeshaja. Udaka.
