Ukucushwa kwe-anachrontab. I-Linux nezono ezibulalayo ingxenye yesine

Senza uhlu lwesoftware namathuluzi eLinux asetshenziswa njengomhlahlandlela ohlwini lwezono eziyisikhombisa ezibulalayo. Njengasezihlokweni ezedlule, sisebenzisa ubuvila njengezaba khuluma ngamathuluzi e-automation ku-Linux. Omunye wabo e-anachron. Kulesi sihloko sizobona ukuthi kunjani ukucushwa kwe-anacrontab. i-anacrontab iyona etshela i-anacron ukuthi yenzeni nokuthi ikwenze nini.

Ku-anacron usuku lwemisebenzi lunqunywa ngezinsuku kanye, uma kwenzeka ikhompuyutha ingasebenzi ngesikhathi sokwenza umsebenzi, iqala lapho iqala.

Ukucushwa kwe-anacrontab

Ekuqaleni i-anacron ibheka uhlu lwemisebenzi ezokwenziwa kuhla lwemibhalo /etc/anacrontab. Imisebenzi ezokwenziwa kufanele ibhalwe ngale ndlela elandelayo:

período retraso identificador del trabajo comando donde:

• inkathi: Imvamisa okufanele wenziwe ngayo umsebenzi. Ingavezwa ngezinsuku (isifinyezo sayo ngesiNgisi) isikhathi ( @daily, @weekly, noma @monthly ngosuku, isonto noma inyanga) noma ngezinombolo (1 ngosuku, 7 ngesonto, 30 ngenyanga nanoma iyiphi inombolo isikhathi esinqunyiwe sezinsuku.
• ukubambezeleka: Inani lesikhathi sokulinda ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi. Isibonelo 360 ​​ukwenza umsebenzi ngo-6 ekuseni.
• isihlonzi somsebenzi: Igama elinikezwe umsebenzi ukuze liwuhlukanise kwamanye ngephutha kanye nemibiko yemiphumela

.

• umyalo: Umyalelo okufanele i-anacron iwusebenzise ngesikhathi esibonisiwe.

Njengoba inhloso yethu kuwukusebenzisa i-anacron ukwenza imisebenzi engahlangene nokuphathwa kwesistimu, sizophindaphinda izinkomba ezisetshenziswa i-cron kufolda yethu yasendaweni yomsebenzisi. sikwenza nge

mkdir -p ~/.local/etc/anacrontab: ~/.local/etc/cron.daily ~/.local/etc/cron.weekly ~/.local/etc/cron.daily  ~/.var/spool/anacron

Ngalokhu sakha izinkomba ukuze silondoloze izikripthi ezihlukene zansuku zonke, zeviki nenyanga, kanye nendawo lapho umbiko wokwenziwa kokugcina kwe-anacron uzogcinwa khona.

Okokugcina, sitshela i-anacron ukuthi isebenzise amafolda abasebenzisi basendaweni esikhundleni sawo wesistimu.

anacron -fn -t ~/.local/etc/anacrontab -S ~/.var/spool/anacron

Manje sizohlela ifayela lokumisa. Sikwenza kusuka kutheminali nge:

nano ~/.local/etc/anacrontab:

Kudokhumenti evulayo sengeza le migqa:

SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

Le migqa igcwalisa imisebenzi efanayo esesivele siyichazile ku-crontab. Khombisa ukuthi kufanele usebenzise i-Bash njengomhumushi womyalo nokuthi yiziphi izinkomba zokuthola okusebenzisekayo. Sigcina idokhumenti nge Meyi +0 futhi sivala ngayo Shift + X.

Igama nendawo yamafolda e-cron esiwakhayo kuyisinqumo esingenasizathu. Ngikhethe ukugcina ezimisiwe ukuze ngingaphambanisi abafundi abadinga ulwazi olwengeziwe oluvela kweminye imithombo. Uma nje indlela eya kuskripthi ikhonjisiwe ku-acrontab, ungasebenzisa ifolda oyithandayo nendlela yokugcina. Okufanayo kuya kusihlonzi somsebenzi.

Kukhona ezinye izinto ezimbili eziguquguqukayo esingazilungiselela:

• START_HOURS_RANGE

: Isetha ibanga lesikhathi imisebenzi ezoqala ngalo (okungukuthi sebenzisa imisebenzi kuphela phakathi namahora alandelayo).

• RANDOM_DELAY

: Lokhu kuchaza ukulibaziseka okukhulu okungahleliwe okwengezwe ekubambezelekeni okuchazwe ngumsebenzisi komsebenzi (okuzenzakalelayo kungu-45).

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-cron ne-anacron?

cron yilokho kumasistimu nokuphuma kokunye kwaziwa ngokuthi a i-daemon okungukuthi, uhlelo olusebenza ngemuva futhi ngaphandle kokungenelela komsebenzisi. Ihloselwe amaseva, okungukuthi, izinto ezisebenza cishe unomphela ngaphandle kwesidingo sanoma ubani ukuba azinake, kodwa zidinga imisebenzi yokunakekela njalo.

i-anacron wuhlelo olujwayelekile afaneleka kakhulu amadeskithophu Awavuliwe ngokuqhubekayo. Kungakho, ngokungafani ne-cron, lapho iyunithi yesikhathi encane kakhulu ingumzuzu, isebenza nemvamisa encane yosuku olulodwa.

Ngesizathu esifanayo, i-cron ayifaki ezinye izindlela uma ikhompyutha ingavulwanga.noma ngenkathi i-anacron idlula emisebenzini elindile ekungeneni ngemvume. Uma ithola umsebenzi ongakaqalwa ngesikhathi esimisiwe, izokhipha umyalo oshiwo kunkambu yomyalo ngemva kokulinda inombolo yamaminithi ashiwo endaweni yokubambezeleka. Ngemuva kwalokho izongena idethi efayeleni lesitembu sesikhathi.