Ukudlala ngamapayipi ku-Linux: izibonelo ezingokoqobo

I-Las amapayipi noma amapayipi zingenye yezimangaliso zomhlaba we-Unix iLinux eyizuze njengefa. Ngazo ungenza izinto eziningi eziwusizo esigungwini sokuxhumanisa imiyalo. Okuthile ongakwazanga ukube azikho. Kepha zisabangela ukudideka kwabanye abasebenzisi abanolwazi oluncane noma abasanda kufinyelela umhlaba * nix kusuka kolunye uhlelo lokusebenza olufana neMicrosoft Windows.

Ngakho-ke, ngalesi sifundo sizodlala nabo ngokubonisa izibonelo ezithile ezingokoqobo lokho kungakusiza osukwini lwakho nosuku lapho usebenza kulayini womyalo. Uzobona ukuthi zilula kanjani ukuzisebenzisa futhi zinganikela kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ngiyakukhuthaza ukuthi uqhubeke ufunda futhi ubone izibonelo ...

• "Khipha" ukukhishwa komyalo. Ngale ndlela, ungasebenzisa okungaphezulu noma okuncane ukuze ukwazi ukuzulazula ngokukhishwa kolwazi kwanoma imuphi umyalo. Isibonelo, ukukhishwa kohlu lwamafayela nezinkomba, noma leyo yezinqubo eziphendula igama elithi "office":

ls -al | more

ps aux | grep office | less

• Bala inani lemigqa lokho kunokukhishwa komyalo noma ifayela. Isibonelo, bona imigqa ifayela le-example.txt elinayo noma inombolo yezinqubo ezisebenzayo (khumbula ukukhipha u-1, ngoba ulayini wokuqala uyinhloko) kanye nenombolo yamafayela noma izinkomba:

cat ejemplo.txt | wc -l
ps aux | wc -l
ls | wc -l

• Thola umugqa othile noma igama, ngokwesibonelo i-IP eqala ngo-192.168 ye-interface esebenzayo yenethiwekhi:

 
ifconfig | grep 192.168

• Thola amanani athile, ngokwesibonelo izimvume zamafayela nezinkomba, bese ukhombisa ama-PID ezinqubo ezihambisanayo ne-systemd:

 
ls -lR | grep rwx
ps aux -ef | grep systemd | awk '{ print $2 }'

• Oda imigqa wefayela ngokulandelana kwe-alfabhethi:

cat ejemplo.txt | sort 

• Bona imigqa eyi-10 yokuqala noma yokugcina yefayela, kepha kuphela leyo equkethe igama elithile:

head /var/log/syslog | grep WARNING
tail -f /var/log/syslog | grep error