Ukuvuselelwa kokuthola: thola amafayela ku-Linux distro yakho

Ukusesha amafayela nezikhombisi-ndlela kulula ngezinjini zokucinga zamanje ezihlanganiswe nezimenenja zamafayela, kepha kwesinye isikhathi singathanda ukusebenzisa i-terminal kangcono, noma singase singabi nenye indlela ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-terminal njengoba singenayo indawo yokuqhafaza. Ngakho-ke, Ngikutholile kujabulisa ukubuyekeza ukuthola, umyalo owaziwayo, kepha okuthile okukhohliwe ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwezindawo zokuqhafaza.

Yebo, thola, njengoba igama layo liphakamisa, akusizi ngalutho ngaphandle kwe- ukuthola amafayela, yize inezinye izindlela ezifana nokuthola, njll., sizogxila ekutholeni, ngoba inamandla amakhulu futhi isivumela izinketho eziningi ezithokozisayo zokwenza usesho lwethu ngempumelelo. Uma silisebenzisa njengoba linjalo, ngaphandle kokukhetha, elizokwenza ukwethula uhlu olufana nalolo ebesingaluthola nge-ls, lokuqukethwe kwalo lonke umkhombandlela (kanye nemibhalo engezansi).

Kepha lokhu akusikho okusithandayo, esikufunayo ukwenza ngezifiso futhi ucwenge ngaphezulu ukusesha kunembe kakhudlwana futhi kusisize sithole lokho esikufunayo ngempela. Ukuqonda ukuthi kusebenza kanjani, ngicabanga ukuthi ayikho indlela engcono ukwedlula ukukhombisa izibonelo ezisebenzayo ze- find:

• Ukusesha ngegama, singasebenzisa inketho noma izindlela zokucinga «-name». Isibonelo, isibonelo sokuqala sibheka amafayela / izinkomba ezinegama eliqala ngo- "musi", esesibili esiphela ngo- "eon", nesokugcina esiqukethe igama elithi "okutholakele" ngaphakathi kwempande / umkhombandlela:

find / -name "musi*"

find / -name "*eon"

find / -name "fundar"

• Kunenketho ebizwa nge- -type, engasebenza njengesihlungi futhi ingasetshenziswa kanye ne -name. Kulokhu kusebenza ku ucacise uhlobo lwefayela elizoseshwa. Nge-B sifuna amafayela akhethekile kumodi yokuvimba, ne-C yamafayela akhethekile kumodi yezinhlamvu, i-D yezinkomba, i-F yamafayela ajwayelekile, i-L ngezixhumanisi ezingokomfanekiso, i-P yamapayipi aqanjwe igama ne-S ye-Socket noma uxhumano lwenethiwekhi. Isibonelo, ake sithi ufuna ukusesha umkhombandlela othi "sawubona" ​​ekugcineni kwegama lawo nasenkombeni yasekhaya / yomsebenzisi:

find /Home/usuario -name "*hola" -type D

• Singakwazi futhi sesha ngomsebenzisi noma ngeqembu okungelakho umkhombandlela noma amafayela kusistimu. Ngalokho, singasebenzisa inqubo-yomsebenzisi neqembu. Manje cabanga ukuthi ufuna ukuthola ifayela eliqukethe i- «.mp3» yomsebenzisi «Rosa» neqembu «Amakati» enkombeni yokuLanda:

find /Descargas -name ".mp3" -user Rosa -group Gatos

• Usayizi ungasisiza ukuthi siseshe ngosayizi. Kulokhu sinezinketho ezahlukahlukene zokuzisebenzisa. I-B izokhombisa ibhulokhi, uma usayizi ungakhonjisiwe, ngokuzenzakalela kuzoba ngamabhayithi angama-512. C ngezinhlamvu ezi-1-byte ASCII, W ngamagama ama-2-byte (amadala), no-K wama-KiloBytes noma ama-byte ayi-1024. Isibonelo, uma sifuna ukusesha / ngefayela lama-byte angama-2560 (amabhlokhi ama-5 kuya ku-512), elinye lezinhlamvu eziyi-10 ze-ASCII, elinye lama-100KB, elinye lingaphansi kuka-5MB kanti elinye lingaphezulu kuka-30KB:

find / -size 5

find / -size 10c

find / -size 100K

find / -size -5000K

find / -size +30K

Vele, -size kungaba ingahlanganiswa nayo yonke imibandela yokusesha ngaphambili nangemuva, ngaleyo ndlela sizothola imiphumela eqonde kakhulu ...

• Ungakwazi ngisho sesha ngemibandela yesikhashana. Nge-atime ungasesha ngosuku lokufinyelela kokugcina. -isikhathi ngosuku lokuguqulwa kokuqukethwe kanye -kwesikhathi ngosuku lokuguqulwa kokugcina kwe-inode. Isibonelo, sifuna ukusesha ku / Ikhaya, umkhombandlela obizwa nge- "hello", ongowomsebenzisi "Zaca" futhi osushintshiwe ngaphansi kwezinsuku ezi-3 ezedlule:

find /Home -name "hola" -user Zaca -mtime -3

• Kunemibandela eminingi sesha njenge -perm ukusesha ukugunyazwa kokufinyelela noma izimvume, -izixhumanisi ukusesha izixhumanisi ezinzima, -inum yenombolo ye-inode. Ake sihambe nesibonelo sethu sokugcina, kulokhu, sizobheka umkhombandlela enkombeni yamanje enezimvume eziphelele zomsebenzisi womnikazi neqembu, nokwenza okunye okusele:

find -type d -perm 771

Kwesinye isikhathi asazi amandla we-terminal futhi sisebenzisa amanye amathuluzi angahle angavumeli ukuguquguquka kwalokho osekuvele kungokwemvelo. Ngakho-ke ngithemba ukuthi ngisize okuthile ngale ndatshana ethobekile. Zijabulise bese ushiya imibono yakho...