http://www.cellbiol.com/bioinformatics_web_development/chapter-2-the-linux-operating-system-setting-up-a-linux-web-server/the-linux-filesystem/
I-Los izimvume Ziyisihloko esithandekayo emhlabeni we-Unix futhi kunenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kunalolu hlobo lwesistimu yokusebenza. I-Linux isebenzisa lolu hlelo lwamamodi wezinkomba namafayela wohlelo, nokuthi singakwazi ukuhambisana nezinye izingqimba zokuphepha ezifana nezimpawu ezinwetshiwe ezisetshenziswa ezinye izinhlelo zamafayela, noma nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokuphepha ezinjengezinhlu zokulawula ukufinyelela noma i-ACL.
Kwezinye izindatshana sikhulume ngezindlela noma izimvume, noma yini ofuna ukuyibiza ngayo, futhi impela usuyazi ukuthi siyazibona izimvume izinkomba namafayela ngomyalo olula ls -l, kepha kukhonsoli izosikhombisa uhlobo lwezinhlamvu njengoba sesivele sazi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, singasebenzisa futhi le notation efanayo noma i-octal ukuguqula lezi zimvume sisebenzisa umyalo we-chmod, njengoba usuvele wazi ... Kepha kwenzekani uma sifuna ukufaka uhlu lwezimvume ngefomu le-octal?
Yebo, ukuze bona i-octal notation Singasebenzisa izinqubo ezihlukile, noma enye yezinto ezilula ngokusebenzisa umyalo we-stat:
stat /etc/passwd
Ngomyalo owedlule sizobona imininingwane eminingi ngaleli fayela elithile, kusibonelo / etc / passwd. Kepha uma nje sifuna ukubona imodi o izimvume ngefomethi ye-octal, ungasebenzisa:
stat -c '%a' /etc/passwd
Phakathi kwe- amafomethi namathuba Kuyatholakala, ongakubona nge-man stat, kukhona futhi i-% A ukubona ifomethi ngezinhlamvu, nezinye izinketho eziningi zokuhlunga umphumela ophelele futhi ukhombise kuphela ezinye zezinkambu ezitholakala uma singacacisi lutho. Isibonelo, uma sifuna ukukhonjiswa zombili izindlela zokubuka izimvume noma izindlela ze-Unix zefayela noma umkhombandlela, singasebenzisa lo omunye umyalo:
stat -c '%A %a' /etc/passwd
Futhi ngakho-ke sizobathola bobabili ekukhishweni okujwayelekile ...