thola: izibonelo ezingokoqobo ezingcono kakhulu zokuthola okufunayo

El thola umyalo ingenye ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni * nix. Ku-Linux ingasetshenziswa ukuthola yonke into oyidingayo, njengezinkomba namafayela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inamandla ngokwedlulele futhi iyavumelana nezimo, njengoba isekela izimpikiswano nezinketho zokudala izihlungi ezisebenzayo (usuku, usayizi, uhlobo, igama, isandiso,…). Kungaba ithuluzi elisebenzayo lokuhlola ukuphepha kwe-distro, njengoba izokwazi nokuthola amafayela noma izinkomba ezinezimvume ezingalungile.

Nokho, ngenxa yalokhu kuguquguquka kanye nenani lezinketho, akuwona umyalo olula ukuwukhumbula, futhi abasebenzisi abaningi basenezinkinga ezithile. Ngakho-ke, lapha uzobona ezinye izibonelo ezingokoqobo okunye okusebenza kakhulu ukuthi ufunde ukuzivikela ngokuthola:

• Sesha ifayela noma uhla lwemibhalo ngegama (kuhla lwemibhalo lwamanje, kuzo zonke izinkhombandlela, kanye necala elibucayi):

find . -name "ejemplo.txt"

find / -name "ejemplo.txt"

find . -iname "ejemplo.txt"

• Sesha ifayela noma uhla lwemibhalo ngegama phakathi kohla lwemibhalo oluthile:

find /home/usuario/prueba -name "ejemplo.txt"

• Thola zonke izinkomba (ungasebenzisa u-l ukuze uthole izixhumanisi ezingokomfanekiso, u-c wamadivayisi wezinhlamvu, f wamafayela, kanye no-b wamadivayisi we-block) futhi ugweme amafayela, noma usebenzise igama futhi:

find /home/usuario/prueba -type d
find /home/usuario/prueba -type d -name "ejemplo"

• Sesha amafayela anesandiso esithile:

find . -type f -name "*.txt"

• Sesha amafayela ngamagama futhi uwasuse:

find . -name "ejemplo.txt" -delete

• Thola wonke amafayela afinyelelwe amadala kuneminyaka eyi-10, noma ungakwenza ngedethi yokulungisa emizuzwini engama-60 edlule nangedethi yezinguquko esikhathini esingaphansi kosuku olungu-1:

find / -atime 10
find / -mmin -60
find / -ctime -1

• Thola amafayela amakhulu kuno-500MB futhi amancane kuno-1GB:

find / -size +500M -size -1G

• Thola amafayela amakhulu kuno-10GB futhi uwasuse ngesikhathi esisodwa:

find / -size +10G -exec rm -rfv {} \;

• Thola amafayela omsebenzisi noma weqembu:

find / -user nombre
find / -group nombre

• Sesha amafayela anezimvume ezithile:

find / -perm 644

• Sesha amafayela angenalutho (uma ushintsha u-f ukuya ku-d ungasesha izinkomba ezingenalutho):

find / -type f -empty

• Sesha amafayela afihliwe (d esikhundleni sika-f ukuze uthole izinkomba ezifihliwe):

find / -type f -name ".*"

• Sesha umbhalo ngaphakathi kwamafayela:

find / -type f -name "*.txt" -exec grep 'texto-a-buscar' {} \;