Matthias Clasen, umholi weqembu ledeskithophu le-Fedora, ilungu leqembu lokukhululwa kwe-GNOME, kanye noyedwa wabathuthukisi be-GTK abasebenzayo (unikele ngo-36,8% wezinguquko ku-GTK 4), iqale ukudingida ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukwehliswa kwephrothokholi ye-X11 egatsheni elikhulu elilandelayo le-GTK5 futhi ishiya i-GTK isebenza ku-Linux isebenzisa kuphela iphrothokholi ye-Wayland.
Kulabo abangazi Wayland, kufanele wazi ukuthi lokhu iphrothokholi yokusebenzelana kweseva ehlanganisiwe kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenza nayo. Amaklayenti azenzela okwawo amafasitela endaweni ehlukile, edlulisa ulwazi mayelana nezibuyekezo kuseva eyinhlanganisela, ehlanganisa okuqukethwe izigcinalwazi zohlelo ngalunye ukwenza umphumela wokugcina, kucatshangelwa izici ezingase zibe khona, njengamafasitela agqagqene nokuba sobala.
Ngamanye amazwi, iseva eyinhlanganisela ayinikezi i-API ukuze inikeze izici ngazinye, kodwa kunalokho isebenza kuphela kumafasitela asevele akhiwe, okukuvumela ukuthi ususe ukubhafa okuphindwe kabili uma usebenzisa imitapo yolwazi yezinga eliphezulu njenge-GTK ne-Qt, ethatha umsebenzi wokuhlunga okuqukethwe kwamawindi.
Wayland ixazulula izinkinga eziningi zokuphepha ze-X11 ngoba, ngokungafani neyakamuva, ihlukanisa okokufaka nokuphumayo kwewindi ngalinye, ayivumeli iklayenti ukuthi lifinyelele okuqukethwe kwamanye amafasitela amakhasimende, futhi ayikuvumeli ukunqanyulwa kwemicimbi yokufaka ehlotshaniswa namanye amawindi. Njengamanje, usekelo lokusebenza ngokuqondile ne-Wayland seluvele lwenziwe emitatsheni yolwazi ye-GTK, Qt, SDL (kusukela kunguqulo 2.0.2), i-Clutter kanye ne-EFL (Enlightenment Foundation Library). Kusukela ku-Qt 5.4, imojula ye-QtWayland ifakiwe nokusetshenziswa kwengxenye yokusebenzisa izinhlelo ze-Qt endaweni yeseva eyinhlanganisela ye-Weston eyakhiwe iphrojekthi ye-Wayland.
Mayelana nombhalo ohlongozwayo ukukhishwa kwe-X11 ithi "i-X11 ayithuthuki futhi i-Wayland isiyatholakala emhlabeni wonke. Ubuye achaze ukuthi i-backend ye-X11 GTK kanye nekhodi esekwe ku-Xlib ayazimisa futhi anezinkinga nabanakekeli.
Kuthiwa ukuze i-X11 ihambisane ukuze isinde, othile kufanele abhale futhi agcine ikhodi ehlobene ne-X11, kodwa abekho abathanda, futhi abathuthukisi bamanje be-GTK bagxile kakhulu ekusekelweni kwe-Wayland. Abathuthukisi besistimu abanentshisekelo yokusebenza ezindaweni ezisuselwe kumthetho olandelwayo we-X11 bangazithathela ukunakekela ezandleni zabo futhi banwebe ukusekela kwabo ku-GTK, kodwa uma kubhekwa umsebenzi wamanje, isimo sizoba sokuthi kuzoba khona abafuna ukulungisa i-X11 emuva. ukuphela. ezandleni zakhe kubhekwa njengento engenakwenzeka.
Okwamanje, I-GTK isivele ibeka i-Wayland njenge-API ehamba phambili kanye nenkundla yokuthuthukisa isici. Ngenxa yokuntuleka komsebenzi ekuthuthukisweni kwephrothokholi ye-X11, ngenkathi ishiya ukwesekwa kwayo ku-GTK, i-backend ye-X11 izokhiqiza ukusilela emuva okuhlala kukhuphuka ngokuya ngokusebenza okusha okutholakala konjiniyela, noma kube isithiyo ekuqalisweni kokusha. izici ku-GTK.
Kuhle ukusho ukuthi ngokwezibalo zesevisi yeFirefox Telemetry, ehlaziya idatha etholwe ngenxa yokuthumela i-telemetry kanye nakubasebenzisi abafinyelela kumaseva e-Mozilla, inani labasebenzisi beFirefox ku-Linux abasebenza ezindaweni ezisekelwe e-Wayland. I-protocol ayidluli ku-10%.
U-90% wabasebenzisi beFirefox ku-Linux bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa umthetho olandelwayo we-X11. Indawo ehlanzekile ye-Wayland isetshenziswa cishe ku-5-7% wabasebenzisi be-Linux, kanye ne-XWayland cishe ngo-2%.
Ulwazi olusetshenziselwe umbiko luhlanganisa cishe u-1% we-telemetry etholwe kubasebenzisi beFirefox ku-Linux. Umphumela ungathinteka kakhulu ngokukhubaza i-telemetry kumaphakheji ngeFirefox anikezwa kwezinye ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux (i-telemetry inikwe amandla ku-Fedora).
Ngokwengxenye yayo I-KDE ihlela ngo-2022 ukuletha iseshini yedeskithophu ye-Plasma esekwe ku-Wayland esimeni esifanele ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke ngenani elikhulu labasebenzisi. Ukusekelwa okuthuthukisiwe okuthuthukisiwe kwe-Wayland ku-KDE Plasma 5.24 kanye ne-5.25, okuhlanganisa ukusekelwa kokujula kombala okukhulu kunamabhithi angu-8 esiteshini ngasinye, "i-DRM leasing" yamahedisethi e-VR, ukusekelwa kokuthatha izithombe-skrini, nokunciphisa wonke amawindi.
Kulungile, uma abathuthukisi besofthiwe ye-Linux bengafuni ukuya e-Wayland ngokuzithandela, kuzodingeka bavale iminyango ku-X11, futhi bayiphoqe ukuthi iguquke.
Sawubona, ngithanda ukufaka isandla esincane kulesi sihloko. Zonke izivivinyo ezishiwo ziyasebenza futhi ZISEKELWE KAHLE KAHLE. Masingakhohlwa, ngaphambi kokwenza izinqumo, ukuthi kuthathe iminyaka eminingi ukusebenzisa noma iyiphi inguqulo ye-Linux ethandwa kakhulu futhi izuzwe ngenxa yephrothokholi ye-X11. Lesi sakamuva sesithandeka futhi kulula ukusisebenzisa yintsha.
Iphrothokholi ye-X11 nokuthuthukiswa kwayo eminyakeni engaba ngu-20 noma ngaphezulu, ikwazile ukuheha abasebenzisi bamanye amasistimu okusebenza (Win). Ufunde nge-X11 ukuthi angesabi ukusebenzisa noma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa kweLinux.
Ukuqhela kuphrothokholi ye-X11, ucabangela okushiwo yi-Mozilla(*), ingabe kuwukuhlakanipha?
Ukubingelela okuhle kakhulu. UBilly
(*) U-90% wabasebenzisi beFirefox ku-Linux bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-X11