I-FreeDOS: Kuyini futhi nini ukuyisebenzisa

Kungani kubhulogi mayelana neLinux sibhala okuthunyelwe okunesihloko esithi FreeDOS: Kuyini? Nakuba eminyakeni yamuva nje ukunikezwa kwamakhompyutha kuye kwandiswa, okuvumela abathengi ukuthi bathenge amakhompyutha ngaphandle kweWindows noma i-macOS p.ifakwe kabusha, ayinkulu kangangokuba sizothola umshini oza nokusatshalaliswa kweLinux esiwuthandayo ofakwe kuqala.

Njengengxenye yezivumelwano ne-Microsoft zokukwazi ukuthengisa amakhompyutha ane-Windows, lAbakhiqizi abavunyelwe ukuthengisa amakhompyutha ngaphandle kwesistimu yokusebenza. Abanye bakhetha ukusebenzisa ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux njengokumiselela iWindows, kodwa ukuyimisa kuthatha isikhathi futhi abasebenzisi abaningi kungenzeka bagcine beyikhiphile bevuna umkhiqizo weMicrosoft.

Sebenzisa I-FreeDOS njengoba uhlelo lokusebenza luvumela, lapho umsebenzisi evula ikhompuyutha angenza imisebenzi ethile eyisisekelo engaphezu kwaleyo evunyelwe amathuluzi afakwe kubhodi lomama.

Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizobona ukuthi kungani ukuthenga ikhompuyutha ngeFreeDos kungenye indlela enhle kakhulu njengoba igwema ukuthi sikhokhele ilayisensi yesistimu yokusebenza esingeke siyisebenzise futhi empeleni sizoyikhipha.

Ingemuva le-FreeDOS

Ukuze uphendule umbuzo yini i-FreeDOS okokuqala sidinga ukucaca ukuthi iyini isistimu yokusebenza yediski (DOS) nokuthi ifeza muphi umsebenzi kukhompuyutha.

Luyini uhlelo olusebenzayo

Isistimu yokusebenza wuhlelo olusebenza njengotolika phakathi kwezingxenye zekhompuyutha nomsebenzisi. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana neFirefox noma i-LibreOffice zisebenzisa isistimu yokusebenza ukuze zixhume ngemodemu kuwebhusayithi noma ziphrinte idokhumenti. Ngaphandle kwesistimu yokusebenza evamile yokusingatha imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo, isisindo sohlelo ngalunye singaba sikhulu nakakhulu.

Nakuba amasistimu okuqala okusebenza ane-graphical interface ahlehlela emuva ngeminyaka yawo-60, kuze kube ngawo-80 indlela evamile esekelwe emiyalweni yokubhala yahlala iyinsakavukela. Kunjalo ngalabo okukhulunywe ngabo kulesi sihloko.

Amasistimu wokusebenza asuselwa kudiski (DOS) zifakwe ku-floppy disk, i-hard disk drive, i-optical disk noma i-peni drive futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo zizisebenzisa njengendawo yokugcina.. Isici sayo esiyinhloko ukuhlinzeka ngesistimu yefayela ekwazi ukuhlela, ukufunda nokubhala amafayela kudiski yokugcina.

Isigaba sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisuselwe kudiski asibandakanyi amasistimu wokusebenza asekelwe kumdwebo wesithombe.

I-IBM PC DOS

Ngokwesiko, i-IBM, engumkhiqizi omkhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni wamakhompyutha amakhulu, yenza zonke izingxenye eyayizidinga. Noma kunjalo, Lapho eqala ukusebenza kukhompyutha yakhe yokuqala, wanquma ukukhipha ukuthuthukiswa kwalezi zinto, kuhlanganise nesistimu yokusebenza.

Okungase kugcine kube yisinqumo esibi kakhulu sebhizinisi embonini yezobuchwepheshe (ebiza ubuholi obuqinile kulo mkhakha) kuholele ekutheni inkampani dlulisela kumuntu wesithathu hhayi kuphela ukuthuthukiswa kodwa futhi nobunikazi besistimu yokusebenza yamakhompyutha omuntu siqu.

Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuthutha kwakunengqondo. I-IBM iqophe ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezindleko zomthetho emacaleni okwebiwa kwempahla yengqondo. Iningi livela kubathengisi besoftware ikhodi yabo i-IBM eyayilungisiwe futhi yabuyekezwa.

Kungakho, lapho izingxoxo neMicrosoft ziqala ekuqaleni kwawo-80, kwacaca ukuthi i-IBM izobeka izidingo futhi Inkampani kaBill Gates izoba nesibopho sokuthuthukisa futhi izogcina ubunikazi bomphumela wokugcina.

Inguqulo yokuqala ye-PC DOS yayingeyona intuthuko ye-Microsoft ephelele. Inkampani iqale yathola ilayisense yase ithola uhlelo lokusebenza olwakhiwe yi-Seattle Computer Products, nakuba yenze wonke umsebenzi wokuzivumelanisa nehardware kanye nezidingo ze-IBM. Inganekwane ithi uBill Gates uqale wavala isivumelwano ne-IBM wabe esephuma efuna uhlelo lokusebenza oluzoba yisisekelo salolo ayedinga ukulwakha.

Amakhompyutha okuqala e-IBM ane-PC DOS afika emakethe ngo-1981. Uhlelo olusha lokusebenza yayinezici eziningi ze-CP/M eyayidumile ngaleso sikhathi njengezakhiwo zayo eziningi, izingcingo zokusebenza, nezimiso zokuqamba amafayela.. Lokhu kunikeze abasebenzisi amandla okujabulela izici ezintsha njengesistimu entsha yefayela kuyilapho behlisa ijika lokufunda.

I-PC Dos ibe yimpumelelo, yengeza ngaphezu kwama-96% okuthengiswayo. Okunye kuhambelana nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinikezwa yi-IBM njengenye indlela kumakhompyutha ayo. Izinguqulo zakamuva, ngokusekelwe kusisekelo sekhodi elibhalwe kabusha ngokuphelele, zengeze izici ezintsha nokusekelwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha zenkampani yangaphandle.

I-MS DOS

Ngishilo ngenhla ukuthi isinqumo se-IBM sokuguqula ukuthuthukiswa nokulawulwa kwe-PC DOS ku-Microsoft mhlawumbe kwakuwumbono omubi kakhulu emlandweni wezinkampani zobuchwepheshe. I-IBM ayizange ibeke izimo zokukhethekile kubahlinzeki bangaphandle, ngakho noma yimuphi umkhiqizi anganikeza okokusebenza okufana namakhompyutha womuntu we-IBM ngentengo ephansi ngaphandle kokukhokha izinkokhelo. Ubani uma bekhokha ama-royalties kwaku-Microsoft ngokusebenzisa isistimu yokusebenza efanayo, nakuba enamagama ahlukene kuye ngokuthi ubani umnikazi welayisensi. Kamuva kuzodinga ukuthi wonke umuntu ngaphandle kwe-IBM asebenzise igama le-MS DOS. I-DOS isifinyezo sesiNgisi sesistimu yokusebenza yediski.

I-MS DOS yayiyisisekelo sokukhula kwe-Microsoft futhi ekuqaleni iWindows yayiyi-graphic interface kuphela. Ukuhambisana ne-PC DOS kwahlala kwaze kwaba ngu-1993, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kwaphela ngo-199, nakuba ithuba lokudala i-boot disk elaliyisebenzisa lagcinwa kuze kube yi-Windows 8.

I-FreeDOS: Kuyini futhi kungani kufanele sikucabangele

I-FreeDOS iyisistimu yokusebenza yomthombo ovulekile ekuvumela ukuthi usebenzise zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza nemidlalo eyenzelwe i-MS DOS. Futhi, ingasetshenziswa njengesistimu yokusebenza kumasistimu ashumekiwe angadingi i-graphical interface.

Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lwe-disk-based isebenza kuwo wonke amakhompyutha esimanje Iqala nge-Intel '386 noma iphrosesa yemodeli ephezulu, ubuncane bememori engu-2MB, kanye nesikhala sediski esingu-40MB.

I-FreeDOS ayiyona nje ikhophi ye-MS DOS njengoba ihlanganisa izici ezivela ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zesimanje. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• I-FreeCOM: I-Command Line Shell.
• I-FDAPM: Ukulawula amandla okuhlanganisa ukuqalisa kwekhompyutha, ukuvala shaqa, nokulala.
• I-CuteMouse: Umshayeli wegundane onokusekelwa kwesondo lokuskrola.
• I-FDNPKG: Umphathi wephakheji onamathuba okuxhumana nenethiwekhi.
• Ukusekelwa kokuphrinta kwezithombe.
• I-DOSLFN: Ivumela ukusetshenziswa kwamagama wefayela we-DOS amade.
• I-JEMM386 ne-HIMEMX yokuphatha inkumbulo.
• I-FDSHIELD ne-ClamAV yokuvikela i-antivirus.
• Ukusebenzisa imiyalo ye-Linux.
• Ukusekelwa kohlelo lwefayela- FAT32.
• Ukucindezelwa nokucindezelwa kwamafayela ngefomethi ye-Zip ne-7zip.
• I-Dillo ne-Arachne yokuphequlula iwebhu ngemodi yombhalo.
• Abahleli bamafayela abahlukahlukene okuhlanganisa Hlela, Biew, Blocek, E3, Freemacs, vim, Elvis, Pico, kanye ne-FED.
• I-Mplayer ne-OpenCP ukudlala umculo.
• Kufaka phakathi imidlalo yomthombo ovulekile njengeNkululeko, i-Floppy Bird, i-Nethack, i-Sudoku, ne-Tetris.
• Ukusekelwa kwe-Multiboot.

Mhlawumbe umsebenzisi ojwayelekile akanantshisekelo ku-FreeDOS. Phela, ama-motherboards amaningi eza elungiselelwe ukuqalisa kusuka kudivayisi yangaphandle enesistimu yokusebenza ezofakwa, Nokho, kungase kube ukuvikeleka okuhle kakhulu ukuyigcina ifakiwe ukuze ukwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga ezizayo.