Le phrojekthi Vula i-Insuline ifuna ukusebenzisa izimiso zomthombo ovulekile ekuthuthukiseni i-hormone okuyingxenye yokwelashwa. Uma kwenzeka uphumelela izindleko zingancishiswa kakhulu zeziguli.
Isifo sikashukela sinjalo isifo esidala ukuthi amazinga kashukela (glucose) egazi abe phezulu kunokujwayelekile. Kubantu abajwayelekile leli zinga ilawula i-hormone ebizwa nge-insulin.
Izindleko zokwelashwa
Uma kwenzeka ayenzi insulini eyanele, umuntu angahlangabezana nakho izinga eliphezulu likashukela egazini noma i-hyperglycemia. Isikhathi eside se-hyperglycemia Kungadala isifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, isifo sezinso, nokulimala kwemizwa. Esimweni esibi kakhulu i-ketoacidosis yenzeka, isibindi sikhipha amaketoni amaningi egazini, sisenze sibe ne-asidi futhi singaholela ekufeni.
Kwezinye izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela, futhiUkwelashwa kuqukethe ukuhlinzeka nge-insulin ekhiqizwa kumalabhorethri. Amanye amazwe ahlinzeka iziguli mahhala, kanti kwamanye kufanele akhokhele ephaketheni.
Ukuze ube nobukhulu be- costo we-insulin yokufakelwa, ake sithi kuma-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-327.000 ngonyaka ekusetshenzisweni kokunakekelwa kwezifo, kwathathwa ama- $ 15000 billion insulini. 4,60%
Kulelo lizwe i-insulin iphindwe kathathu ngentengo kusuka ngo-2002 kuya ku-2013 yaphinda yaphindeka kabili phakathi kuka-2012 no-2016. Ngo-1996, ibhodlela lomkhiqizo othile labiza u- $ 21. Namuhla, intengo yohlu ingu- $ 324, ukwanda okungaphezulu kuka-1.400%.
Yize ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin uqobo kungenawo amalungelo obunikazi avumelekile, uma benazo izinqubo zokukhiqiza. Izinkampani ezenza imithi zihlala zizishintsha ukuze zigcine zikhona. Ekuzivikeleni kwabo basola ukuthi abakuthengisayo bangama-analogs okwenziwa ahlelelwe ukuhlala isikhathi eside noma asebenze ngokushesha,
Iphrojekthi ye-Open Insuline
U-Anthony Di Franco, usosayensi wekhompyutha onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, wasungula iqembu ngemuva kwephrojekthi ngo-2015. Wakwenza lokho lapho, okwesikhashana ngaphandle kokutholakala kwezempilo, kufanele akhokhele i-insulin yakhe ephaketheni.
Yena nalabo asebenzisana nabo bacabanga lokho Isixazululo senkinga yentengo ukuvumela iziguli nezibhedlela ukuthi zizenzele i-insulin.
Elinye lamalungu alo msebenzi, isazi sezinto eziphilayo zamangqamuzana uThornton Thompson, uchaza ngale ndlela:
Uma sikwazi ukwenza lezi zinto kubhu yethu kusabelomali se- $ 10.000 ngonyaka, asikho isizathu sokuthi kufanele kubize imali enkulu kangako. Enye yezinhloso ezinkulu zephrojekthi nje ukuyikhombisa.
Umgomo we-Open Insulin ngu sungula indlela yokukhiqiza i-insulin engaphazamisi ilungelo lobunikazi futhi engenziwa itholakale emphakathini. Baqale ngokukhulisa u- $ 16.000 ngomkhankaso wokubuyisa imali ngoNovemba 2015.
Ososayensi benza i-insulin ngokufaka isakhi sofuzo esikhomba iprotheni ye-insulin kwimvubelo noma kubhaktheriya. Lezi zinto eziphilayo ziba yizimboni ezincane bese ziqala ukukhafula amaprotheni, angavunwa, ahlanzwe, futhi afakwe emabhodleleni.
Ezinyangeni ezedlule, inqubekelaphambili seyenziwe. Isazi samakhemikhali saseFrance u-Yann Huon de Kermadec, ophethe inqubo yokukhiqiza, ukwazile ukuthola uhlobo olufanele lwe-insulin nokufakwa kwalo kwi-DNA yemvubelo. Lokhu kukhiqize inani elincane le-protein insulin. Njengoba isivuno besisincane kakhulu ukuthi singahlanzwa, uzama amakoloni ahlukene emvubelo ukubona ukuthi umkhiqizo ungakhushulwa yini.
Lapho umkhiqizo owenele usutholakele, inqubo yokuhlanzwa seyiphothuliwe futhi kunqunywa ukuba yi-insulin, umsunguli wephrojekthi uqobo uzosebenza njengengulube.
Into elandelayo kuzofanele bayichaze yindlela i-insulin etholakala ngayo emphakathini. Uma befuna ukuyikhiqiza nokusabalalisa, kuzofanele bathole imvume kumlawuli. Esikhundleni salokho, njengoba ukuzenzela kwemithi kungalawulwa, inqubo kungenzeka isatshalaliswe ngaphansi kwelayisense ethile yomthombo ovulekile ukuze itholakale ezibhedlela nakwamanye amaqembu eziguli.
Noma kunjalo, lokhu kubeka izingozi. Ukushiya ukukhiqizwa kwabangewona ochwepheshe kungaveza i-insulin enezinkinga zekhwalithi ezinkulu.