Isikhathi esisha se-ARM: silindeleni ...

Isaac

Imizuzu ye-4

Ilogo ye-ARM

Uma ngabe utshelwe eminyakeni embalwa edlule ukuthi ikhompiyutha enkulu enezichips ezisuselwe ku- i-ISA ARM babezothatha isikhundla sokuqala se- TOP500 (uhlu lwama-supercomputer anamandla amakhulu ama-500 emhlabeni), ukuhleka nokuhleka bekungaba phezulu. Akekho owacabanga ukuthi izakhiwo ezazingasetshenziswa zazizofika lapho.

Kancane kancane, ama-chip e-ARM abelokhu ethola indawo, enqoba indawo yamadivayisi eselula ngokusebenza kwawo nokusebenza kahle, kanye neminye imikhiqizo eminingi efakiwe. Kepha eminyakeni embalwa edlule baqala ukudala amanye amaseva ane-ARM ukusetshenziswa okuphansi, futhi waqala ukudlala ngothando nale ISA emkhakheni we-HPC (High Performance Computing).

Izindaba ezigxume muva nje ngalokho I-Apple ilahla i-Intel Ukwakha ama-chip ayo asuselwa ku-ARM kwakubalulekile, kukho konke lokho okubandakanya, kepha kwacishe kwangabonwa ezinye izindaba, ezibaluleke kakhulu. Futhi ukuthi ikhompiyutha enkulu ye-ARM ingakushaya ukusebenza kweNgqungquthela ye-IBM futhi inqobe isikhundla sokuqala sohlu lwe-Top500. Ngokokuqala ngqa i-ARM ifinyelela phezulu kakhulu, futhi lokho kusho ukuthi ngaphambi nangemva ...

Umbono oholele kufayela le- Iphrojekthi ye-EPI ukudala ama-processor we-ARM wesikhathi esizayo wokungaxhomekeki kwezobuchwepheshe emkhakheni we-HPC eYurophu ngama-RISC-V accelerators.

Ukubuyela emuva ku-Apple, bekubukeka kungajwayelekile ukuthi i-chip ye-ARM ingadlula i-Intel ngokusebenza nokusebenza, kepha i-Apple isiphakamisile futhi izokwazi ukwenza imiklamo ethakazelisa kakhulu. I-Intel iya ngokuya iba nzima, hhayi ngenxa nje yokuncintisana okuvela ku-AMD ...

Ikhompiyutha enkulu

Ikhompiyutha enkulu ye-Fogaku

Kepha ongasoze wakucabanga kudala yilokho ingabuye ithweswe umqhele ku-HPC. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi imininingwane eminingi? Kulolu hlu lwe-Top500 lwangoJuni 2020, indawo ephezulu yokusebenza iphethwe yikhompiyutha enkulu yaseJapan iFugaku. Ikhompiyutha enkulu esekwe kuma-chip angu-64Ghz Fujitsu A48FX 2.2C, okubandakanya kuwo ama-cores wokucubungula angama-7.299.072 ukwengeza isilo sokusebenza kwekhompyutha esintantayo.

Ngokuqondile ifinyelela ku-415,5 PFLOPS (okusho ukuthi, izibalo ezingama-415.500.000.000.000.000 ezinamadesimali ngomzuzwana) futhi zizosetshenziselwa ukucwaninga ngeSARS-CoV-2, phakathi kokunye.

Ifakwe esikhungweni se-RIKEN Computing Centre eKobe, eJapan. Kulesi sikhungo sedatha okungaphezulu kwe- Izindawo ezingama-150K eyakhiwe ngayo, ixhunywe ngenethiwekhi esheshayo yeTofu Interconect D ukuxhumanisa i-ARMv8.2-A SVE chips yama-cores angama-52 nge-node ngayinye.

Futhi sebenzisa inkumbulo i-bandwidth ephezulu ye-HBM2 enomthamo we-32 GiB nge-node ngayinye. Isitoreji sihlakaniphile, sine-1.6 TB NVMe eyabiwe ngama-node ayi-16, kanye ne-150 PB Shared FS, kanye nensizakalo yokugcina yamafu.

Njengesistimu yokusebenza sebenzisa i-linux, ikakhulukazi ukusatshalaliswa kwe-RHEL 8, kanye ne-IHK / McKernel ngasikhathi sinye. Konke ukulingiswa kokusebenza kulinganiswe ngaphansi kukaMcKernel, yize iLinux ikhona ukuhlinzeka zonke ezinye izinsizakalo ze-POSIX.

I-chip

I-chip yeFujitsu A64FX

Isilo sokucubungula esikhiphe lezo zibalo "sithobekile." Kuyinto chip eyenziwe nguFujitsu. Ibizwa nge-A64FX futhi iyi-microprocessor esuselwa ekwakhiweni kwe-ARM 8.2A, futhi isebenzisa i-SVE (Scalable Vector Extensions), izandiso ezengeziwe kuleso base ISA ukufeza imiphumela engcono yokubala.

I-A64FX enayo I-Fujitsu yakhelwe ngaleyo ndlela ingena esikhundleni samashiphu ayo wangaphambilini we-SPARC asuselwa ku-HPC. Futhi ababekanga nje kuphela ingqophamlando yokuyisa i-Fugaku phezulu ku-Top500, kodwa futhi nokuba ngabokuqala ukuxhasa ama-512-bit SIMD EVS.

Lezi chips zenziwe ngaphakathi Amafektri eTSMC, lapho benza khona iZen ye-AMD, futhi lapho nalapho bezokhiqiza khona i-chip yesikhathi esizayo yaseYurophu. Ubuchwepheshe abusebenzise ubuchwepheshe be-7nm ukwakha ama-transistor wabo we-8.786.000.000. Konke lokho ku-chip encane edinga izikhonkwane ezingama-594 kuphela.

Ngokwengeziwe, iprosesa ngalinye lisebenzisa i-32GB yememori ye-HBM2 nge 1TB / s komkhawulokudonsa, enemizila engu-16 noma imizila ye-PCIx ngeprosesa ngayinye ukuyixhuma nama-accelerators, afana nama-GPGPU nama-FPGAs.

Ekugcineni, isebenza ku-2.2 Ghz futhi kungezwe amaphakheji anele ukuqedela lelo nani lama-cores acishe abe yizigidi ezingama-7.3 futhi cishe i-5 PB yememori.


Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Unomthwalo wemfanelo ngedatha: AB Internet Networks 2008 SL
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   ULuisi kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 4

    Izinga lokucubungula elifinyelelwe kanye nokusetshenziswa okuzayo okuzayo okuzofakwa yilokhu kuyamangalisa. Njengamanje, lapho ngifaka la mazwana ekhasini lakho elihle, i-chip esetshenziswa yikhompyutha yami yedeskithophu i-Intel. Le PC ineminyaka engu-8 ubudala, kepha ngithemba ukuthi ihlala okungenani eminye iminyaka emi-2, isikhathi esingeqile sokuba yonke le ntuthuko enkulu ingahanjiswa kuphela emkhakheni wezinkampani kepha nasenkampanini yasekhaya.

    Kuphendula uLuisi
  2.   UKhesari kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 4

    Ngineminyaka engama-61 futhi lapho abaprosesa be-RISC beqala ukuba nezinkinga, ngoba zenziwa izinkampani ezincane kakhulu nokukhangisa okuncane; Uhlale ethi ngelinye ilanga inhlanhla yakhe ingashintsha kanti leli kungaba yithuba lakhe elihle

    Phendula ku-Cesare
  3.   kabusha kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 4

    Kuzofanele nginike iRasperry Pi ukuthi ibe sesitayeleni ne-ARM.
    Umshini omuhle, ake sethembe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kokumodeliswa kweCovid kule supercomputer kuzoletha imiphumela.

    Phendula ku-reneco
  4.   UMiguel kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 4

    Uma kungenzeka, ngithanda ukuqhathanisa amandla ale processor kanye nezikhangiso. Noma ngabe ivela ekuhlukaniseni ama-petaflops. Ama-Gbflops angaphezu kwama-500 yiRyzen 3600 noma i510600. Izindawo ezingama-415,5 PFLOPS / 150k ~ = 415.500.000.000.000 / 150 = 2.770.000.000.000 => 2.770 gigaflops nge-node ngayinye.
    415.500.000.000.000 / 150
    Okungukuthi, ngaphezu kwe-x5 yamaprosesa we-X86 wamakhasimende athengisa kakhulu manje.

    Okusho ukuthi amakhompiyutha we-ARM angahlinzekwa nge-GNU - noma ama-Chromebook - anamandla kakhulu - futhi mhlawumbe ashibhile - kunezinye izindlela zeX86.

    Uma ngisebenza kwaValve, ngabe sengivele ngakha inguqulo yeSteam yengalo - ama-chromebook asevele ekhona - ngize ngizibuze ukuthi ngingawenza yini umshini weSteam omuhle, omuhle futhi oshibhile ngaleyo processor noma uhlobo oluthile olushibhile.

    I-GIGA 9 / TERA 12 / PETA 15 (amaqanda)

    Phendula uMiguel
  5.   I-Exteban kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 4

    Osukwini lwayo, i-AMD "yafaka i-Intel ezinkingeni ezinkulu." UTransmeta noCrusoe wakhe nabo kubukeka sengathi babeka i-Intel "enkingeni enkulu." Futhi kungekudala, ama-PowerPCs ayeyipheya kalamula futhi i-Intel yayizonyamalala (inkulumo kaMaquero eyashintsha sengathi ayikaze ibe khona ngenkathi i-Apple ishintshela ePentium).
    Wonke umuntu ubonakala ekhohlwa ukuthi:
    1. I-Intel inesisekelo esihle kakhulu semiconductor emhlabeni.
    2. I-Intel ingakwazi ukukhokhela onjiniyela abaphambili emhlabeni.
    3. I-Intel inamalayisense e-ARM ekhabetheni. Noma yiluphi usuku lapho uzizwa uthanda khona, ungaphuma wenze ama-ARM wekhwalithi ephakeme kakhulu kunalokho okwenziwayo namuhla bese ugcwaliswa. Futhi uma uyidinga, uzothenga amalayisense adingekayo.
    Ngakho-ke cha, sizoba ne-Intel isikhashana.

    Phendula u-Exteban
    1.    UJorgeneitor kusho
      kwenza iminyaka 4

      Ilungile. Inhliziyo yami encane iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ... ngivotela i-Intel.

      Phendula ku-Jorgeneitor