Ukuncipha okukhethekile ne-Specter: konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nalokhu kuba sengozini (KUPHAKWE)

Kucatshangwa ukuthi cishe ama-20% ezinsizakusebenza zesikhashana nezomnotho ezinikezwe ukwakhiwa kwe-chip entsha ziya kumklamo uqobo, kanti okunye, okusho ukuthi, isikhathi esiningi nemali, kuya ekulingiseni, ekuhlolweni nasezivivinyweni ezenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke into isebenza kahle. Yebo, kubonakala sengathi abanye abakhiqizi abenzanga izinto kahle ngemikhiqizo yabo, futhi kunjalo icala le-IntelNjengoba sizobona, akusiyona yodwa ethintekile, kepha isivele inezinkinga eziningi ngamachips ayo, kusukela enkingeni yamaphuzu adumile, ngokunye ukwehluleka kuma-chipset ayo, kuya engcupheni etholakele nakwi-Management Engine, futhi manje lokhu ...

Wonke amanethiwekhi omphakathi kanye nabezindaba bagcwale izindaba, okunye okuphikisanayo ngaleli cala elizonikeza okuningi okuzokhulunywa ngakho futhi ngikweluleka ukuthi wenze isitsha esihle samaphophoma ukubuka i-opera yesepha, ngoba lokhu kune kuqalile. Ngakho-ke, ukuze abasebenzisi, ikakhulukazi labo be-Linux, bangalahleki ngolwazi oluningi futhi bazi indlela yokwenza futhi yini abanamathela kuyo, ngaphezu kwe bazi ukuthi bayathinteka noma cha, sizoshicilela le ndatshana ku-LxA.

Kuyini iSpecter neMeltdown?

Mhlawumbe inkinga yeRowhammer esivele siyibonile ayisho lutho ngokuqhathaniswa nokujula kwale nkinga. Ngokuqinisekile usuwazwile kakade amagama adumile abangela ukwethuka, futhi lawo yiwo Ukuncibilika kanye neSpecter. Lokhu kuhlaselwa okungabeka engcupheni ukuphepha kwethu kusizakala ngezinye zezinto ezinjengokuphuma ngaphandle kwe-oda nokwenziwa kokuqagela okusetshenziswa kubo bonke abacubungula besikhathi samanje ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza. Sizochaza ukuthi yini eyodwa esezingxenyeni ezithile:

• Meltdown: ibizwa kanjalo ngoba incibilikisa imingcele yezokuphepha phakathi kwezicelo ezifakwe yihadiwe, yize kusizinda solwazi seMITER saziwa njengeCVE-2017-5754. Izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu ezitholakele futhi zithinta ngqo amaprosesa we-Intel akhishwe eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Ngenxa yalokhu kusengozini, inqubo engavikelekile ingafinyelela endaweni ebekelwe inkumbulo ye-kernel, okuyinkinga enkulu yokuphepha. Isibonelo, izindawo zememori ye-RAM zingalahlwa. Amapeshi okubhekana nalokhu kusengozini kwehlisa ukusebenza kakhulu.
• I-Specter: igama layo lilele ekutheni kunzima kangakanani ukulixazulula, ngakho-ke njengobubanzi lizosilandela isikhathi eside. Kubonakala kokuhlukahluka okumbalwa (i-CVE-2017-5753 ne-CVE-2017-5717), ekubeni inamandla amakhulu, ngoba ingavumela inqubo ukuthi "ikhohlise" i-kernel ekudluliseni imininingwane kusuka ezingxenyeni zememori ezilawulwa yilokho, okungukuthi Ngamanye amagama, wephula umgoqo phakathi kwezicelo. Kulokhu, kuthinta ama-microprocessors amaningi, kepha kungalungiswa ngokuguqulwa okulula kwesoftware futhi ukulahleka kokusebenza cishe akunalutho ...

Lokhu kumayelana neMeltdown neSpecter ezichazwe ngendlela elula futhi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ulimi lobuchwepheshe kakhulu ukuze wonke umuntu aqonde. Ekugcineni esikubonile ukuthi iMeltdown neSpecter bangafinyelela kudatha egcinwe kwimemori yezinhlelo ezisebenzayo futhi lokhu ngokuxhaphaza nekhodi enonya kuyingozi. Manje, lokhu kungangithinta kanjani? Impendulo ilula futhi, ngoba bangavumela shintsha idatha, hlunga amaphasiwedi nedatha eyimfihlo, izithombe, ama-imeyili, idatha yefomu, njll.. Ngakho-ke kuyinkinga enkulu yezokuphepha, mhlawumbe enkulu kunazo zonke ezikhathini zamuva.

ULinus Torvalds ukhulumile

linus torvalds, umdali weNVIDIA Fuck wena! Manje kubonakala sengathi unikeze i-Intel ithuba lokuvuka ngephutha elikhulu abalenzile. Futhi kwimicu yezingxoxo mayelana nenkinga esele ngenxa yokuthinteka kwe-Linux kernel, amagama okuqala omdali awenzelwanga ukulinda:

Kungani konke lokhu ngaphandle kwezinketho zokumisa? Unjiniyela we-CPU onekhono uzokulungisa lokhu ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuqagela akudluli ezizindeni zokuvikela. […] Ngicabanga ukuthi i-INtel idinga ukubheka ama-CPU ayo, futhi ivume ngempela ukuthi inezinkinga esikhundleni sokubhala igama eliyisiqalo le-PR ithi konke kusebenza njengoba kudizayinelwe. (Ngokuqondene nezitatimende ze-Intel). ...futhi lokho kusho ukuthi wonke lawo mabala okunciphisa inkinga kufanele abhalwe kucatshangelwa ukuthi "akuwona wonke ama-CPU ayizibi".. . […] Ngoba uma kunjalo, mhlawumbe kufanele siqale ukubheka kakhulu ohlangothini lwabantu lwe-ARM86 (Ngokubhekisa ekutheni i-Intel izokuxazulula inkinga noma iqhubeke nokuthengisa imikhiqizo eyinkinga). Sicela ukhulume nabaphathi. Ngoba ngibona impela amathuba amabili:

1. I-Intel ayikaze ithi ilungisa noma yini.
2. Noma lezi zixazululo zinendlela yokukhubazeka.

Izimemezelo zibhekisa kukhodi ye- i-patch isetshenziswe ngokungasebenzi kahle I-CPU futhi ithinta bonke abaprosesa abakulo mndeni, noma ngabe bayathinteka yini ngokuba sengozini. Kungakho i-AMD ikhombisile ukuthi bayasebenza ukuvimbela ama-microprocessor abo ukuthi nawo angabi nokulahleka kokusebenza kwesiqephu ngoba angathinteki.

Yimaphi ama-processor athinta wona?

Lo ngumbuzo wamarandi ayizigidi, kusukela ayithinti kuphela iLinux kude nayo, Kuyinkinga ye-chip ngakho-ke kuthinta womabili ama-macOS, iWindows, i-Android kanye ne-iOS, njll. Ngakho-ke akuyona into ethile, futhi manje sizobona ukuthi iziphi izingcezu ezithintekayo kule nkinga yokuklama:

AmaMicroprocessors athintwe yiMeltdown:

Empeleni wonke ama-Intel microprocessors akhiqizwa kusukela ngo-1995 Kuze kube manje bayathinteka kule nkinga enkulu, ngoba kuthatha ithuba lokukhishwa ukuze bathole inzuzo ngalo. Lokho kusho ukuthi ama-laptops, ama-desktops, amaseva, nama-supercomputer asebenzisa lezi zinqubo, ngisho namanye amadivayisi eselula ane-Atom chips, njll. Okuhlukile ngama-Intel Atom asebenzisa ukwenziwa ngokulandelana (lawo aphuma ngaphambi kuka-2013, ngoba ama-Atom anamuhla asebenzisa i-OoOE) kanye ne-Intel Itanium okungekho noyedwa ozoba nayo ekhaya ngoba yenzelwe imishini emikhulu.

* UMZUZU WOKUGCINA: I-ARM Cortex-A75 nayo iyathinteka yi-Meltdown. Okwamanje kuphela le modeli ebonakala ngathi iyathinteka, kepha usuvele uyazi ukuthi ama-ARM licres IP cores wabanye abaklami be-SoC futhi uma bene-Cortex-A75 nabo bazothinteka. Kepha kubonakala sengathi umphumela mncane kuleli cala ...

I-Los Ama-microprocessor we-AMD ne-ARM (I-Qualcomm, i-Samsung, i-Apple, iMediatek, njll.) Ayithinteki kule nkinga. Uma unenye yalezi chips ungaphefumula kalula... Lokhu kudale ukuthi amasheya e-Intel athengiswe futhi awe ezimakethe zamasheya ngendlela ebabazekayo ngasikhathi sinye lapho ama-AMD enyukile. Isizathu ukuthi i-AMD ayivumeli izinkomba zememori zalolu hlobo, kufaka phakathi izinkomba zokuqagela, ngakho-ke azinakulinganiswa neMeltdown.

Ama-Microprocessors athintekayo we-Specter:

Kulokhu inani lamadivayisi athintekile nama-chips anwetshiwe, ngoba futhi sibona ukuthi amathebulethi, ama-smartphone, amadeski, ama-laptops, amaseva, ama-supercomputer, njll. ziyathinteka. Kulokhu, ama-chip chips ayathinteka, onke lawo ma-ARM Cortex-A, nama-AMD nawo angathinteka.

* Endabeni ye-ARM, kuthinta inani elikhulu lama-SoCs asebenzisa ukwakheka okuguquliwe noma ama-ARM IP cores ngaphakathi afana nalawo eQualcomm Snapdragon, Samsung Exynox, Apple A-Series, Mediatek, NVIDIA (angisho amaGPU, kepha Ama-SoCs asuselwa ku-ARM), njll.

*** Abanye abezindaba bazididekile izindaba, kepha ama-GPU awathinteki (bona UPDATE (umzuzu wokugcina)).

** Manje siya endabeni ye-AMD, kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni yomklami we-CPU singabona itafula eliholela ekubeni nethemba futhi lisishiye sithule:

Umehluko ekwakhiweni kwe-AMD ugwema izinkinga ezibangelwa yiMeltdown, njengoba la ma-CPU engacacisi imithwalo yekhodi yomsebenzisi ngqo kwimemori ye-kernel. Futhi i-AMD ASID futhi ivimba izinkinga zama-VM ezihambeli nabasebenzisi bezimpande kulezi.

Ama-Microprocessors AKATHINTEKANGA uSpecter:

Lolu hlu lwama-microprocessors alunabungozi obufana ne-Specter ngoba isiteshi sabo sokufundisa sinzima kakhulu futhi senziwa ngokulandelana (akuzona izakhiwo ezincane ze-OoOE) noma ngoba zifaka izici ezibenza bavikelekes. Ezinye zingabonakala zindala kakhulu, kepha ezinye zesimanjemanje njengoba kunjalo I-SPARC ne-AMD Zen. Ngakho-ke uma une-CPU esohlwini olulandelayo akudingeki ukhathazeke nganoma yini:

• I-StrongARM
• I-SuperSPARC
• ITransmeta Crusoe ne-Efficeon
• I-PowerPC 603
• I-x86 yakudala: I-Pentium I nama-clones, wonke ama-chips amadala angama-8-bit kanye nama-16-bit, IDT WinChip, VIA C3, 386 nama-clones, ama-486 nama-clones
• z80
• 6500 nokunye okunjalo
• 68k
• I-ARM Cortex-A7 MPCore (Raspberry Pi 2)
• I-ARM Cortex-A5
• I-ARM Cortex-A53 MPCore yize inokwenziwa okwehlukile kunokwedlule futhi nge-bifurcation, kubonakala ngathi ayithinteki. Kufakwe lapha i-Raspberry Pi 3 namanye ama-smartphones namaphilisi afana neQualcomm Snapdragon 625 ...
• I-Intel Atom ngaphambi konyaka we-2013, okungukuthi, leyo isuselwa kubuchwepheshe obuncane njengeDiamondville, iSilverthorne, iPineview, njll., Ngoba ayisebenzisi ukwenziwa ngaphandle kwe-oda.
• I-VIA C7 isebenzisa uhlelo oluyisisekelo lokubikezela igatsha kepha aluthinteki.
• I-Intel Itanium (IA-64)
• I-IBM POWER6 inokulinganiselwa kokubikezela kwegatsha ngakho-ke kubonakala kungenakulimazeka.
• I-Xeon Phi nama-GPGPU
• Uchungechunge lwe-SPARC T
• I-AMD Zen: Ama-microprocessor eRyzen ne-EPyC anemisebenzi ethokozisayo ukuze akwazi ukuphazamisa noma angangeneki kuSpecter. Lokho kulungiswa engikhuluma ngakho kungu-SME / SEV (Ukubethela Kwememori Ephephile Nokuvikeleka Okubethelwe Okuvikelekile) okungagwema noma yikuphi ukutakula imemori okungafaka engozini uhlelo nezindawo zokubona.

Siyini isixazululo?

Faka isicelo amabala noma uvuselele uhlelo lwethu, noma ngabe kuyini, futhi ne- Amachashazi Sizoba nokulahleka kokusebenza esizokucacisa ekugcineni, kepha okungenani ezingeni lokuphepha sizovikelwa ngandlela thile. Yisho ukuthi sekuvele kukhona iziqeshana ezibhekene neMeltdown yeLinux, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Okubi kakhulu ngokuya ngamadivayisi we-Android, hhayi wonke anezibuyekezo ze-OTA ...

Uyabona ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngakho kulezi zixhumanisi:

• Uhlu Lwamax lwe-Linux Kernel
• Iphrojekthi yeXen
• Intel
• AMD
• ARM
• -Google
• I-Mozilla
• Debian
• Ubuntu
• SUSE
• I-Red Hat
• CERT
• I-VMWare
• I-Citrix

Yini ukulahleka kokusebenza?

Sahlangana no izixazululo ezimbili ezingenzeka:

1. Ngu-software: Kubandakanya ukusebenzisa iziqeshana zezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-macOS, i-Linux, iWindows, i-iOS kanye ne-Android, kepha ngeshwa akugcini nje ngokuxazulula inkinga yezokuphepha kepha kuzokwenza uhlelo lwethu luhambe kancane ngenxa yendlela abakuthinta ngayo lokho kukhishwa ngaphandle kokuhleleka, ukwenziwa kokuqagela noma ukusula i-TLB ye-CPU yethu ngokulahleka okuphawuleka kakhulu kokusebenza. Abanye bakhulume ngokusebenza okuncane okufika ku-50% ku-CPU yethu, okunye ukuqagela okungekuhle kukhuluma ngokusebenza okulahlekile phakathi kuka-5 no-30% ngokuya ngohlobo lwesoftware esisebenzayo. Abanye bazama ukwehlisa i-alamu futhi basola ukuthi eminye imidlalo yamavidiyo evivinyiwe inikeze kuphela ukulahleka kwe-2% ekusebenzeni ngokwe-FPS (kuphela esimweni seLinux, kuWindows ayikahlaziywa), vele lokho Kuma-videogames umdlalo awuvamisile ukubuza ukuthi ungene esikhaleni se-kernel, kepha kwenzekani ngezinye izinhlelo nangesoftware enekhodi enemiyalo eminingi encike ezimweni ...? Lapha ukulahleka kokusebenza kungaba kuhle. Okuyiqiniso ukuthi amanye afana ne-Intel namanye amawebhusayithi azamile ukudambisa abasebenzisi futhi athi ukulahleka kokusebenza ngeke kutholakale kubasebenzisi abaningi basekhaya nokuthi kuyinkinga ezothinta izikhungo zedatha, amaseva, nabadlali abakhulu bekhompiyutha. siyakholelwa yini? Iqiniso ukuthi kufanele uhlale uzolile futhi ulinde ukubona ukuthi kuzokwenzekani.
2. Nge-hardware: Kubandakanya ukubuyekezwa kwama-chip amanje nokwakhiwa kabusha kwama-microarchitectures amanje ukuze lokhu kungenzeki, okudla isikhathi, okubiza kakhulu, futhi asikwazi ukulindela izixazululo maduzane. Ngokuqondene ne-Intel ethatha isinqumo sokushintsha ama-chips wawo wonke amakhasimende ayo athintekile, ngicabanga ukuthi impendulo ecacile ithi: hahaha, linda uhlezi. Lokho kungasho ukulahlekelwa ngamarandi ayizigidi enkampanini futhi angicabangi ukuthi kuzokwenzeka.

Ukulahleka kokusebenza ngeke kuzwakale kukho konke ukusetshenziswa nakuwo wonke amamodeli we-CPU ngendlela efanayo, kusobala, ngakho-ke kuzoba namamodeli athinteka kakhulu kunabanye. Futhi kunjalo isibumbu esikhulu khokhela i-chip yesizukulwane sokugcina bese ubona ukuthi kokukodwa kwalezi ziqeshana awukwazi ukuxhaphaza ukusebenza kwazo kufike ku-100%, kepha yilokho okukhona lapho abanye bengawenzi kahle umsebenzi wabo.

Izikhungo ezinkulu zedatha njengalezo ze- I-Amazon Web Service, iMicrosoft Azure kanye neGoogle Cloud Ngenxa yale nkinga, lapho usebenzisa i-Intel microprocessors kumaseva abo, ukulahleka kokusebenza kulinganiselwa cishe kuma-20% kulezi zimo lapho kusingathwa khona imininingwane ye-SQL. Kuyiqiniso futhi ukuthi abanye abanjengoGoogle bathi ukulahleka kokusebenza akubalulekile.

QAPHELA (Ihora lokugcina):

Njengoba amahora ehamba sifunda izinto ezintsha ngaleli cala:

• Enye yazo yi icala elibhekene ne-Intel lokho akukwenziwanga ukulinda. Ngokuqondile, i-chip giant ithole ezintathu ezivela e-United States futhi mhlawumbe ezingaphezulu zizofika. Izinkantolo zaseCalifornia, e-Indiana nase-Oregon zibe ngabokuqala ukwenza izinsolo njengokwehluleka ukuveza ubukhona bokuba sengozini ngesikhathi, kwehlisa ijubane iprosesa labo ngezibuyekezo futhi behluleka ukuvikela ukuphepha kwabasebenzisi.
• Amasheya we-Intel awe ngenkathi ama-AMD ekhuphuka, futhi lokho kudalule isenzo ebesingazukubonwa ukube lokhu bekungenzekanga. Futhi yilokho Umphathi we-Intel uthengise cishe isigamu samasheya akhe esikhathini esingangenyanga ngaphambi nje kokuba kuvele ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha. UBrian Krzanich uwalahlile amasheya akhe futhi lokhu, noma besho kusuka enkampanini ukuthi akuhlangene nezindaba, kungaphakamisa ukuthi bekuthiwa bebevele bazi ngenkinga phambilini yingakho benze ngokufanele.
• Iyavela izakhiwo ezintsha ezithintekile yinkingaYize lokhu kungasakazeki kangako, kubalulekile kumaseva nakuma-supercomputer. Sikhuluma nge-IBM POWER8 (i-Little Endian neBig Endian), i-IBM System Z, i-IBM POWER9 (i-Little Endian) futhi sizobona ukuthi kufanele silukhulise yini lolu hlu kungekudala.
• El I-Linux kernel yenziwe kabusha okunamathiselwe ukuvimbela izikhungo ezinkulu zedatha, amaseva, nezinhlelo ezinkulu ezincike kukho ekuthintekeni kanzima. Ngokuqondile, i-KPTI (i-Kernel Page Table Isolate) ithintiwe, ebikade yaziwa njenge-KAISER noma i-colloquially FUCKWIT (Imisa Ngokuqinile Amandla i-Kernel ephelele ne-Interrupt Trampolines), ehlukanisa kangcono isikhala somsebenzisi esikhaleni se-kernel kwimemori ngokuhlukanisa okuqukethwe ku amatafula amabili we-paging ngokwahlukana. Ukuhlukanisa itafula kuhlala kuhlanza ifayili le- Inqolobane ye-TLB ngokwanda okulandelayo okwehlulekeni kanye nesidingo semijikelezo eyengeziwe yamawashi ukusesha idatha nemiyalo kwimemori, okungukuthi, kunciphisa ukusebenza kakhulu futhi kuya ngocingo lohlelo olwenziwa uhlelo, luzothinta kakhulu noma ngaphansi, kepha okungenani ukugwema i-Meltdown iqhunyisiwe. Okunye ukuzivikela okusebenzayo njenge-ASLR kungeziwe futhi kusetshenziswe ku-Linux 4.14.11 nakwezinye izinhlobo zangaphambilini ze-LTS: 4.9.74, 4.4.109, 3.16.52, 3.18.91 no-3.2.97.
• Ukulinganiselwa kokulahleka kokusebenza okwengeziwe manje kukhuluma ngokulahleka kokusebenza okungu-5% ngokusho kukaLinus Torvalds, kepha futhi uthi kuma-CPU amadala angafaki i-PCID umthelela ungaba mkhulu kakhulu.
• Okwamanje abacwaningi bezokuphepha abakholwa ukuthi lokhu kwehluleka kusetshenzisiwe ukwenza ukuhlasela, okungenani okubalulekile.
• Luke Wagner waseMozilla, unjiniyela weJavaScript neWebAssembly ubanga ukuthi benze ama-PoCs futhi kuyaqinisekiswa ukuthi ukuhlasela okusekwe kwiJavaScript kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa iziphequluli. Ngakho-ke sebevele basebenzela izixazululo ... I-Google nayo isebenza ukuvuselela i-Google Chrome futhi ngoJanuwari 23 Chrome 64 izoshicilelwa ngokulungiswa. Okwamanje singenza okulandelayo:
  • I-Mozilla Firefox: Akukho okuningi okufanele kwenziwe, bebephethe ukuvuselela izinhlobo zabo zisuka ku-57 ngokuguqula ukusebenza kwe- performance.now () nokukhubaza isici se-SharedArrayBuffer futhi basebenza kwezinye izindlela zokuphepha.
  • i-Google Chrome: Okwamanje ungenza kusebenze izindlela zokuvikela ukuhlukanisa amawebhusayithi ngesandla. Ngalokhu ungafinyelela kukheli chrome: // amafulegi / # vumela-indawo-ngenqubo ngayinye futhi sinika amandla inketho ephawulwe ngombala ophuzi othi i-Script Site Isolate. Uma une-Chrome ku-Android futhi ungafinyelela le nketho ku- chrome: // flags kepha kungaholela ezingxabanweni noma ekulahlekelweni kokusebenza.
• Amabala wokulungisa izinkinga abangela abanye ukuthi bangasebenzi. Ku-Windows, ngokwesibonelo, kunezinkinga nge-antivirus ethile futhi zenziwa isikrini esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esivela kungxabano. Ngakho-ke udinga i-antivirus ehambisanayo ...
• I-Google isebenza ngokuvuselela ezoshicilelwa namhlanje ngoJanuwari 5, 2018 ye-Android, kepha izofinyelela kuphela lezo zingcingo ezisekela izibuyekezo ze-OTA, eyokuqala kuzoba yiPixel 2 kanti konke okunye kuzoncika kubakhiqizi besikhungo sethu ...
• Apple Iphinde ilungiselele ama-patches we-iOS ne-macOS kepha abakaze benze izitatimende okwamanje ... Kubukeka sengathi kwi-MacOS High Sierra 10.13.2 inkinga ngokusobala isixazululiwe, kepha kubonakala sengathi kunguqulo 10.13.3 kuzoba khona izindaba ezengeziwe. Sizobona ukuthi benzani nge-iOS yama-iPhones abo kanye nama-iPads.
• ARM Iphinde inikeze ama-patches wabaprosesa bayo abathintekile, futhi ama-patches aseyatholakala ku-Linux kernel futhi asikhumbuza ukuthi sisebenzise i-ARM Trusted Firmware ukuphepha okungeziwe.
• Isoftware yewayini kanye nokwenza kahle Yizinhlobo zesoftware ezingaba nokulahlekelwa kokusebenza okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwazo ngenxa yenani lama-syscalls adingekayo ekwenzeni kwawo.
• Akuwona amakhompyutha kuphela athintekayo kanye namadivayisi eselula, namanye amathuluzi afana nezimoto ezixhunyiwe, amasistimu wezimboni anama-SoC asekelwe kuma-chips athintekile, i-automation yasekhaya, imikhiqizo ethile ye-IoT, njll.
• INVIDIA ivuselele abashayeli bayo ngezinhlobo zabo zeGeGorce, Quadro neNVS ngoba bangathinteka kwaSpecter kusilawuli sabo, ngakho-ke basheshile ukuvuselela abashayeli. Kepha ayithinti i-GPU uqobo ... kungukuvuselelwa okulula komshayeli ukugwema ukuxhashazwa kumasistimu asengozini, njengoba iziphequluli, i-antivirus, nenye isoftware nayo ivuselelwa. Izindaba zama-GPU athintekile zingamanga ...
• Ukunwetshwa kwezakhiwo ezithintekile, Usuyazi nje ukuthi iMeltdown yinkinga ye-Intel kuphela (womabili ama-ARM ne-AMD awathintekanga kumaPoCs enziwe ngokugculisayo), ngenkathi iSpecter nayo ithinta:

• Khonamanjalo i-Intel iyaqhubeka nokwethula amamodeli athintekile emakethe ngaphandle kokulungisa noma yini ngale kwezimagqabhagqabha Ungayithenga yini imicroprocessor namhlanje owaziyo ukuthi iyathinteka? Hhayi kuphela ukuthi amamodeli amadala asathengiswa esitokweni, kepha futhi amamodeli asunguliwe manje asanda kushiya imboni njengeCoffe Lake ...
• Sizoqhubeka nokwandisa imininingwane nokulindwe ngehora lokugcina, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi izindlela zokuvikela ezintsha zizovela futhi kungenzeka ukuthi kukhishwe okuhlukile okusha okungaqhubeka nokudala izinkinga ...

Njengoba ngisho i-soap opera isiqalile nje, futhi nginomuzwa wokuthi kuzobhalwa lezi zindaba eziningi osekube UKUHLULEKA KUKHULU KWEZOKUPHEPHA EMLANDWENI:

Ungakhohlwa ukushiya imibono yakho… Uma unemibono yokwengeza, ukungabaza, noma yini.