Bagunyaza nge-Debian ukusatshalaliswa kwe-firmware yobunikazi

I-firmware ye-Debian engeyona yamahhala

Ekupheleni kuka-August sihlanganyela lapha blog inothi mayelana nokuqala ukuvota ngabathuthukisi be-Debian ababambe iqhaza ekugcineni amaphakheji nengqalasizinda, abacabangele udaba lokuhlinzeka nge-firmware yokuphathelene (okungeyona yamahhala) njengengxenye yezithombe zokufakwa ezisemthethweni kanye nezakhiwo ezibukhoma.

Ivoti liwine ngento yesihlanu echaza “Ushintsho Lwenkontileka Yomphakathi ngokunikezwa kwe-firmware engakhululekile kusifaki ngokunikezwa kwezikhwezi zokufaka ezifanayo”. inketho ekhethiwe kusho ushintsho ku-Debian Social Contract, echaza imigomo eyisisekelo yephrojekthi kanye nezibopho zephrojekthi nomphakathi.

Kuzongezwa inothi esigatshaneni sesihlanu senkontileka yezenhlalakahle, okuyinto iqukethe imfuneko yokuhambisana nezindinganiso zesofthiwe yamahhala, ukuthi imidiya ye-Debian esemthethweni ingase ihlanganise i-firmware engeyona ingxenye yesistimu ye-Debian, uma kunesidingo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa kusebenza ku-hardware edinga ukuthi i-firmware enjalo isebenze.

• imidiya yokufaka Izikhulu zeDebian futhi izithombe ezibukhoma zizofaka amaphakheji asuka esigabeni "se-firmware engelona mahhala", equkethe izingxenye ezingezona zamahhala ze-firmware ezihlobene. Uma une-hardware edinga i-firmware yangaphandle, ukusetshenziswa kwe-firmware edingekayo okungeyona yamahhala kuzovulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubasebenzisi abakhetha isofthiwe yamahhala kuphela, esigabeni sokulanda kuzokwazi ukukhubaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-firmware engekho mahhala.
• Futhi, isifaki nesithombe esibukhoma sizohlinzeka ngolwazi lokuthi hlobo luni lwe-firmware elayishiwe. Ulwazi olumayelana ne-firmware esetshenzisiwe nalo luzogcinwa kusistimu efakiwe ukuze umsebenzisi akwazi ukubuyisa ulwazi mayelana ne-firmware esetshenziswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Uma i-firmware idingeka ekusebenzeni kwedivayisi ngemva kokufakwa, isistimu futhi iphakamisa ukungeza inqolobane ye-firmware engakhululekile kufayela le-sources.list ngokuzenzakalelayo, okuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole izibuyekezo ze-firmware ezineziphazamisi ezibalulekile nokulungiswa kobungozi.

Inkinga ngokuhlinzekwa kwe-firmware isibalulekile, njengoba abakhiqizi bemishini ngokuya bephendukela ekusebenziseni i-firmware yangaphandle elayishwe isistimu yokusebenza, kunokuba banikeze i-firmware kwinkumbulo engunaphakade yamadivayisi ngokwawo. Le firmware yangaphandle idingwa yimifanekiso eminingi yesimanje, umsindo, nama-adaptha enethiwekhi. Ngasikhathi sinye, umbuzo wokuthi ukuhlinzekwa kwe-firmware okungeyona yamahhala kuhlobana kanjani nemfuneko yokuthunyelwa kwesoftware yamahhala kuphela ekwakhiweni okukhulu kwe-Debian akucaci, njengoba i-firmware isebenza kumadivayisi wehadiwe, hhayi uhlelo, futhi ibhekisa ku-hardware.

Kuze kube manje, i-firmware engakhululekile ayifakiwe ezithombeni zokufaka ezisemthethweni. I-Debian futhi ithunyelwe endaweni yokugcina engekho mahhala. Ukufakwa kwakha nge-firmware engekho mahhala kunesimo sokungavumelekile futhi kusatshalaliswa ngokwehlukana, okuholela ekudidekeni futhi kudala ubunzima kubasebenzisi, ngoba ezimweni eziningi ukusebenza okugcwele kwemishini yesimanje kungafinyelelwa kuphela ngemuva kokufaka i-firmware engekho mahhala.

Iphrojekthi ye-Debian iphinde yanikezwa umsebenzi wokulungiselela nokugcina izakhiwo ezingekho emthethweni nge-firmware engekho mahhala, ebidinga izindleko ezengeziwe zezinsiza ukuze kwakhiwe, kuhlolwe, futhi kusingathwe izakhiwo ezingekho emthethweni eziphinda ezisemthethweni.

Kuvele isimo lapho ukwakha okungekho emthethweni kungcono kakhulu kumsebenzisi uma efuna ukuzuza ukwesekwa okuvamile kwekhompyutha yakhe, futhi ukufaka izakhiwo ezisemthethweni ezinconyiwe kuvame ukuholela ezinkingeni zosekelo lwehadiwe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo ezingekho emthethweni kuphazamisa inhloso yokuhlinzeka ngesofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile kuphela futhi ngokungazi kuholela ekwandiseni isofthiwe engekho mahhala, njengoba umsebenzisi, kanye ne-firmware, iphinde ithole inqolobane engekho mahhala. mahhala.

Okokugcina Uma unesifiso sokwazi okwengeziwe ngakho, ungabheka imininingwane Kulesi sixhumanisi esilandelayo.