Zimbalwa izinsuku ezedlule kwethulwe i-Institute of Information Technology yeChinese Academy of Science iphrojekthi I-XiangShan, lapho ibikhula khona kusukela ngo-2020 iprosesa evulekile esebenza ngokusezingeni eliphezulu ngokususelwa kumiyalo esethiwe ye-RISC-V (RV64GC) futhi ukusebenza kwayo kusondela kusivinini somgogodla wakamuva weSeFive Performance P550.
Ngokusho konjiniyela, Ama-RISC-V cores angaphansi kweXiangshan CPU azothandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabaqambi bamaprosesa afana neLinux yezinhlelo zokusebenza. I-Xiangshan izokwenziwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe benqubo ye-28nm yi-Taiwanese TSMC (ngaphandle kokuthi unswinyo lubekwe yi-United States) futhi lokhu kuzoba yisizukulwane sokuqala sezinhlamvu ezibizwa nge-Yanqi Lake.
I-RISC-V inikeza uhlelo lokufundisa ngomshini ovulekile futhi oluguquguqukayo lokho kukuvumela ukuthi udale ama-microprocessor ezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingqubuzanayo ngaphandle kokudinga izinkokhelo noma izimo ezibekiwe zokusetshenziswa. I-RISC-V ikuvumela ukuthi udale ama-SoCs avulwe ngokuphelele nama-processor.
Njengamanje, ngesisekelo sokucaciswa kwe-RISC-V, izinkampani eziningana nemiphakathi engaphansi kwamalayisense ahlukahlukene amahhala (i-BSD, i-MIT, i-Apache 2.0) ithuthukisa izinhlobonhlobo eziyishumi nambili zama-microprocessor cores asevele enziwe, ama-SoC nama-chips.
Mayelana neXiangShan
Le phrojekthi ishicilelwe ngaphansi kwencazelo yamabhulokhi wehadiwe ngolimi lweChisel, ehunyushelwa kuVerilog, ukuqaliswa kwesethenjwa okususelwa ku-FPGA nezithombe ukulingisa ukusebenza kwe-chip ku-Verilog simulator evulekile.
“Yize inhloso yethu yesikhathi eside eya phambili kufanele ihambisane ne- [Cortex-] A76, isaqhubeka. Sidinga ukwenziwa okuhle okuphansi komhlaba. Inhloso yokuthuthuka kwe-agile akukhona ukudlula ikhona. Okuhlangenwe nakho okuqoqwe yi-Intel ne-Arm eminyakeni edlule, kufanele futhi siqongelele kancane.
Izincazelo ze-Schematics nezakhiwo ziyatholakala (amadokhumenti angaphezu kuka-400 kanye nolayini abayizinkulungwane ezingama-50 sebebonke), kepha iningi lemibhalo lingesiShayina, kanye ne-Debian isetshenziswa njengesistimu yokusebenza eyinkomba yokuhlola ukuqaliswa kwe-FPGA.
IXiangShan ibanga ukuthi yiyona chip esebenza kahle kakhulu i-RISC-V, edlula iSiFive P550. Ukuhlolwa kwe-FPGA kuhlelwe ukuthi kuqedwe kule nyanga negama lekhodi I- "Yanqi Lake" iyi-8-core prototype chip esebenza ku-1,3 GHz futhi yenziwe kwa-TSMC kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bezinqubo kusuka ku- I-28 nm.
"Sinethemba lokuthi iXiangShan ingaphila iminyaka engama-30," kusho uBao, ngokuhumusha, esethulweni sakamuva ngalolu hlelo. “Sinesivumelwano sokuhlangana futhi eminyakeni engu-30 bese sizobona ukuthi uzoba yini uXiangShan. Kodwa-ke, ukufeza lesi sifiso, kusenezinkinga nezinselelo eziningi okufanele zixazululwe.
I-chip ifaka isilondolozi esingu-2MB, isilawuli sememori esine- ukusekelwa kwememori ye-DDR4 (kufika ku-32 GB ye-RAM) kanye ne-PCIe-3.0-x4 interface.
Ukusebenza kwe-chip yokuqala kubhentshimakhi ye-SPEC2006 kulinganiselwa ku-7 / Ghz, ehambelana ne-ARM Cortex-A72 kanye neChipex-A73 chips.
"Inqubo yokwakhiwa kwe-agile nesikhulumi esasakha phambilini sisekela ithimba lezentuthuko labantu abangaphezu kuka-20, nokuncane kakhulu lokhu," kusho uBao. "Okudingeka ukuthi sikubheke manje ukuthi sizokwakha kanjani izinqubo ezivulekile ezivulekile, ezivulekile nezingumthombo ovulekile ezingasekela ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi ovulekile wabantu abangu-2000 XNUMX."
Ekupheleni konyaka kuhlelwe ukuthi kukhiqizwe uhlobo lwesibili "ISouth Lake" enezakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe, ezizokhiqizwa yi-SMIC ngobuchwepheshe bezinqubo ze-14nm kanye nokwanda kwemvamisa kuya ku-2 GHz.
Uhlobo lwesibili kulindeleke ukuthi luzuze ukusebenza kwe-10 / Ghz ku-benchmark ye-SPEC2006, eseduze ne-ARM Cortex-A76 kanye ne-Intel Core i9-10900K processors, futhi idlula iSiFive P550, i-RISC-V CPU esheshayo ku-8.65 / Ghz.
Ekugcineni, uma unentshisekelo yokwazi okwengeziwe ngakho, ungahlola ikhodi yomthombo yeXiangShan, eshicilelwe ngaphansi kweMulanPSL2, ku-GitHub.
Umthombo: https://www.zhihu.com
Banethemba elikhulu yize isavivinywa futhi inikezwe iqiniso lokuthi iningi lemibhalo lingesiShayina ngenkathi belithola ngesiNgisi. Kodwa-ke, ngiyavuma ukuthi ikusasa lizoba yi-RISC-V.