Izolo en usuku lokuqala lUhlelo lwango-2019 lwenkomfa ye-Google I / O abazinikele konjiniyela, AbakwaGoogle bathathe ithuba lokwenza isimemezelo sokuthi ulimi lokuhlela lwaseKotlin manje selululimi oluthandwa kakhulu yabathuthukisi bohlelo lokusebenza le-Android.
I-Kotlin ilulimi lohlelo olusebenzayo, oluqondiswe entweni, ngokubhala okumile okukuvumela ukuthi uqoqele umshini we-Java neJavaScript. Yakhiwa yithimba labahleli bohlelo eJetBrains, umhleli we-IntelliJ IDEA, indawo edidiyelwe yentuthuko yeJava futhi lapho i-Android Studio, i-IDE esemthethweni yokuthuthukisa izinhlelo ze-Android, isekelwe kuyo.
Kulabo abayilandelayo noma asebevele beyisebenzisa, isibuyekezo sayo sakamuva (iKotlin 1.3.30), sikhishwe ngenyanga edlule, kufaka phakathi izithuthukisi zeKotlin / Native esebenzisa i-LLVM ukuhlanganisa imithombo yeKotlin ukuhlukanisa idatha kanambambili (ayikho imishini edingekayo ebonakalayo) yokusebenza okuhlukile izinhlelo nokwakhiwa kwe-CPU, kufaka phakathi i-iOS. I-Linux, iWindows, iMac ngisho nezinhlelo ze-WebAssembly nezinamathiselwe njenge-STM32.
Ukusekelwa okusemthethweni kukaKotlin kwentuthuko ye-Android kumenyezelwe engqungqutheleni yeGoogle I / O 2017.
IKotlin yokuthuthuka kwe-Android
Kweqembu le-Google Android, lesi sinqumo sokweseka uKotlin kwakulula ukusichaza.
Ukusekelwa kwe-EDI kweKotlin: I-Android Studio yakhelwe kuJetBrains IntelliJ IDEA futhi iqembu leJetBrains beselisebenza iminyaka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iKotlin isebenza ngaphandle komthungo ne-IntelliJ IDEA.
IGoogle izodla ifa lonke lomsebenzi wayo ukuxhasa iKotlin ku Android Studio. Kepha ngale kwalesi sici, iKotlin inezinye izinzuzo eziningi.
Ngokuya nge-Google:
"IKotlin iyacacisa, imfishane, iyanwebeka, inamandla futhi iyajabulisa ukufunda nokubhala, futhi inezici zokuphepha ezithokozisayo maqondana nokungabi bikho nokungaguquguquki" ezihambisana notshalo-mali Lwakho ekwenzeni ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ziphephe futhi zisebenze ngokuzenzakalela.
"Ukuthuthuka kwe-Android kuzoqhubeka nokuba seKotlin," kubhala u-Google kubhulogi.
“Ama-API amaningi amasha nezici zeJetpack zizotholakalela iKotlin kuqala. Uma uqala iphrojekthi entsha, kufanele uyibhale eKotlin, "kusho uGoogle echaza ukuthi" ikhodi ebhalwe eKotlin imvamisa isho ikhodi encane kakhulu kuwe, ikhodi encane ongayibhala, uyihlole futhi uyigcine. «
Ngokuya nge-Google, okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi iKotlin iyasebenzisana nezilimi ezisemthethweni yokuthuthuka kwe-Android (iJava, i-C ++) nesikhathi sokusebenza se-Android.
Isibonelo, inkampani ichaze ukuthi iKotlin isebenza ngaphandle komthungo nolimi lweJava, okwenza kube lula konjiniyela abathanda ulimi lweJava ukuthi baqhubeke balusebenzise, kepha futhi bengeza kancane kancane ikhodi yeKotlin futhi basebenzise imitapo yolwazi yaseKotlin.
Futhi, Ukwamukelwa kweKotlin ku-Android kuye kwanda ngokuhamba kweminyaka Futhi ngokusho kweGoogle, ngentshiseko ekhulayo phakathi konjiniyela, esinye sezizathu inkampani efuna ukwethula iKotlin njengolimi olusemthethweni ku-Android ukubanikeza ukwesekwa okungcono kweKotlin. Yini eyenziwe kusukela Android Studio 3.0.
Ukwesekwa okusemthethweni kweKotlin kube nomthelela ekwamukelweni okwandayo kolimi emhlabeni wokuthuthuka we-Android, lapho abanye babikezela ukuthi ulimi lweJetBrains luzosusa ngokushesha iJava.
Kunoma ikuphi, lokhu kungenzeka akufanele kukhishwe, ngoba Ngokusho kwe-Google, "ngaphezu kuka-50% wabathuthukisi abangochwepheshe be-Android manje basebenzisa iKotlin."
Ngokubambisana neJetBrains kanye neKotlin Foundation, iGoogle iyaqhubeka nokutshala imali kumathuluzi weKotlin e-Android, njengoba kufakazelwa ukukhishwa kwasekuqaleni kwe-Android KTX ngo-2018, isethi yezandiso zokuthuthukiswa kwe-Android neKotlin.
Babuye batshale imali ekubhaleni, ekuqeqesheni nasemicimbini yokwenza lula ukufunda ulimi lweJetBrains ngakho-ke ukwamukelwa kwalo.
Lesi simemezelo esivela kwaGoogle asisimangazi, ikakhulukazi njengoba iGoogle ifuna ukuziqhelelanisa neJava njengoba inkampani ihlaselwa enkantolo yi-Oracle ngokusetshenziswa ngokungemthetho kwamaJava APIs ku-Android.