Onjiniyela beGoogle ezinikela ku-kernel ye-Linux bamemezele ukuthi bathole amakhulu "Ezimo Zomjaho" ku-kernel besebenzisa i-KCSAN. Le nkampani kudala isebenza ku-AddressSanitizer ukuthola amaphutha ahlobene nenkohlakalo yememori noma i-UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer ngokuziphatha okungachazwanga kukhodi.
Ngalesi sikhathi, IGoogle inikezela ngomtshina omusha "Wezimo Zomjaho" we-Linux kernel ebizwa nge-KCSAN (IKernel Concurrency Sanitizer). Lokhu kuba sengozini okubucayi akukusha. Empeleni Izimo Zomjaho zenzeka lapho imicu emibili noma ngaphezulu kunqubo efanayo ifinyelela endaweni efanayo yememori ngasikhathi sinye, lapho okungenani okunye kokufinyelela okufanele kubhalwe khona, futhi lapho imicu ingasebenzisi noma yikuphi ukukhiya okukhethekile ukulawula ukufinyelela kwabo kule memori.
Lapho lezi zimo kuhlangatshezwana nazo, i-oda lokufinyelela alinqumi futhi ukubalwa kunganikeza imiphumela ehlukile kusuka ekugijimeni kuya kwesinye kuye ngale oda.
Izimo Zobuhlanga ziya ngokuya zibhekwe njengamaphutha okufinyelela ngasikhathi sinye futhi kunzima ukuziphindaphinda futhi kuhlolwe ezinhlelweni ezifanayo. I-Linux kernel uhlelo olukhulu lwesoftware, lapho ukufana okunamandla ngentambo nokungahambisani nentambo kuncike kakhulu ezimweni zokuncintisana.
Ezinye izimo zokuncintisana zingaba nobungozi, kepha eziningi zazo ezikhonjwe kuze kube manje zibhekwa njengamaphutha.
I-Linux kernel inikeza izindlela eziningana zokugwema nokuphatha lezi zinhlobo zezimo Njengoba kunamathuluzi afana ne-Thread Analyzer noma i-KTSAN (i-Kernel Thread Sanitizer) ukuthola amaphutha wokusebenzisa abucayi ku-Linux Kernel.
Kodwa-ke, iGoogle, enikela futhi ku-kernel ye-Linux, esanda kuhlongozwa i-KCSAN, umtshina omusha weRace Conditions weKernel, ofana leKTSAN.
Ngokuya nge-Google, i-KCSAN igxile ekutholeni izimo zokuncintisana kwikhodi ye-kernel. Lo mtshina obucayi onamandla onamandla ungenye ye-Kernel Thread Sanitizer (KTSAN).
Ngokwencazelo yakwaGoogle, I-KCSAN isuselwa kumaphoyinti wokuqapha okusampula, ngokungafani nomtshina we-KTSAN, okungumtshina obucayi womjaho ngaphambi komcimbi. Izinto eziseqhulwini ezibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwe-KCSAN ukuntuleka kwezinto ezinhle ezingamanga, ukukwazi ukukhululeka, nokulula.
I-KCSAN isebenzisa amathuluzi wokuhlanganisa ukufinyelela imemori. I-KCSAN iyahambisana ne-GCC ne-Clang compilers. Nge-GCC, idinga inguqulo 7.3.0 noma kamuva futhi ne-Clang, idinga inguqulo 7.0.0 noma kamuva.
Ekhasini le-GitHub lephrojekthiUMarco Elver wakwaGoogle ubhale ukuthi besebenzisa i-KCSAN ezivivinyweni ezedlule, bathole ezinsukwini ezimbili kuphela ngaphezulu kwezimo zomncintiswano ezihlukile ezingama-300. I-KCSAN inikeza izinketho eziningi zokumisa ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukusebenza kwayo.
“Kade sisebenzisa iKCSAN ngeSyzkaller amasonto ambalwa, futhi sithole izimbungulu eziningi. Ekuqaleni ngoSepthemba 2019, sahlonza izimo ezingaphezu kuka-300 zokuncintisana ezinsukwini ezimbili nje kuphela, ”kubhala yena.
AbakwaGoogle bathi le ndlela isuselwa kuDathaCollider, omunye umtshina onamandla wezimo zokuncintisana kumamojula we-kernel. Kepha ngokungafani neDathaCollider, i-KCSAN ayisebenzisi amaphuzu wokuqapha wehadiwe, kunalokho incike kumathuluzi wokuhlanganisa.
Amaphoyinti wokuqapha asetshenziswa kusetshenziswa ikhodi esemthethweni egcina uhlobo, usayizi, nekheli lokufinyelela kufayela elide. Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa amaphuzu wokuqapha aguquguqukayo ziyaphatheka futhi ziguquguquke kakhudlwana ekunciphiseni ukufinyelela okungenziwa yiphuzu lokuqapha.
Nawa amanye amaphuzu abalulekile uKCSAN awenzele iGoogle:
- Ukusebenza okuphezulu: Isikhathi sokusebenza se-KCSAN sincane futhi asidingi ukukhiya kombuso okwabiwe kukho ukufinyelela ngakunye. Umphumela usebenza kangcono kakhulu kune-KTSAN.
- Ayikho inkumbulo eyengeziwe: ngokusho kwe-Google, ayikho i-cache edingekayo. Ukuqaliswa kwamanje kusebenzisa inani elincane lobude ukufaka imininingwane yolwazi lokuqapha, oluncane.
- Umyalo wememori: I-KCSAN ayiyazi imithetho yokulawula imodeli ye-Linux kernel memory (LKMM). Lokhu kungaholela emijahweni ebucayi elahlekile (okungelona iqiniso) uma kuqhathaniswa nomtshina womjaho wangaphambi komcimbi njengeKTSAN
- Ukunemba: Ngokuya nge-Google, i-KCSAN ayicacisi ngoba isebenzisa isu lesampula;
- Idinga isichasiselo: isichasiselo esincane siyadingeka ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokusebenza se-KCSAN. Endabeni yomlaleli womcimbi wangaphambi kwesikhathi, noma yikuphi ukweqeka kuholela kokuhle okungamanga, okubaluleke kakhulu kumongo we-kernel ofaka izindlela zesikhathi zenkambiso.
- Ukutholwa kokubhala okunamandla kusuka kumadivayisi: Ngokuhlola amanani wedatha ngesikhathi sokusetha kwewashi, ukubhala okunamandla kusuka kumadivayisi nakho kungatholakala.