I-Linux ilawula ngokuphelele ama-500 aphezulu kuma-supercomputer anamandla kakhulu emhlabeni

I-Top500 yakamuva, ukukleliswa kwama-supercomputer angama-500 anamandla kakhulu emhlabeni, yashicilelwa ngoJuni 17, 2019 Engqungqutheleni Yomhlaba Wonke Yezokusebenza Okuphezulu Okubanjelwe eFrankfurt, eJalimane.

En Lolu hlelo olusha uzothola ukuthi kunabangeneli abasha abayi-94 kulolu hlu olusha, okubandakanya abangu-47 baseChina nabangu-17 baseMelika. Okuphezulu kohlu kuhlala kungashintshiwe, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga langaphambilini, ngokufaka okumbili kuphela okusha ku-10 ephezulu, enye yazo uhlelo olukhona oluthuthukisiwe namandla alo akhulisiwe.

IFrontera ukuphela kwekhompiyutha enkulu ephezulu ku-10 ephezulu, isendaweni yesihlanu kule TOP500 enamandla angu-38 petaflops.

Kulolu hlobo olusha lohlu Siyabona ukuthi i-United States ingeze imishini emisha eyisikhombisa kwi-Top500 yamakhompiyutha anamandla kunawo wonke emhlabeni, aqinisa ukuhlala kwawo ekuqhamukeni nabaphethe ama-supercomputer ayi-116 esewonke kanye nama-38,4% wamandla wekhompyutha asezingeni.

Ukusatshalaliswa kwamakhompiyutha aphezulu kanje:

• I-China: 219
• I-United States: 116
• EJapan: 29
• EFrance: 19
• UK: 18
• EJalimane: 14
• I-Ireland: 13
• ENetherlands: 13
• I-Canada 8
• INingizimu Korea: 5
• E-Italy: 5
• E-Australia: 5
• ISingapore 5
• ISwitzerland 4
• ISaudi Arabia, iBrazil, iNdiya, iNingizimu Afrika: 3
• ERussia, eFinland, eSweden, eSpain, eTaiwan: 2

Ama-supercomputers ahola i-Top 500

Ngenkathi iChina iwa endaweni yokuqala neyesibili iye endaweni yesithathu neyesine kusukela ngoNovemba 2017, kepha Kusengaphambi kweMelika ngamakhompiyutha angama-219 eChina. ngenani uma kuqhathaniswa ne-116 e-United States.

Yize le ngxenye izonikeza njengesethenjwa sokuthi i-China inamandla amakhulu, kodwa le nto yehlukile ngoba i-US ingumholi wohlu ngokubhekisisa amandla okucubungula.

Amakhompiyutha amabili aklanywe yi-IBM e-United States yiNgqungquthela okuyi inamandla ama-petaflops angama-200 neSierra enamandla ayi-petaflops ayi-125.7, etholakala e-Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) eTennessee naseLawrence Livermore National Laboratory eCalifornia, ngokulandelana, igcina izikhundla ezimbili eziphezulu.

Endaweni yesithathu neyesine Kulolu hlu kukhona ama-supercomputer ama-Chinese amabili:

I-Sunway TaihuLight, uhlelo olwenziwe yiNational Center for Research in Parallel Computing Technology (NRCPC) eWuxi (125.4 ama-petaflops)

Futhi I-Tianhe-2A ithuthukiswe yi-University of China National Defense Technology (NUDT) eGuangzhou (Ama-petaflops ayi-100).

Ukusatshalaliswa okujwayelekile ngenombolo yama-supercomputer ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomhlaba kume kanje: ama-supercomputer angama-267 ase-Asia (ama-261 ngonyaka owedlule), ayi-127 eMelika (131) nama-98 eYurophu (101), ama-5 ase-Oceania kanti amathathu e-Afrika .

I-Linux, isistimu ekhethwayo yama-supercomputer

Ezingeni lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisetshenziswa kuma-supercomputer, Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi bonke abasebenza kakhulu kule TOP500 manje basebenza ngaphansi kohlelo lokusebenza olususelwa ku-Linux, phakathi kokukhona ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux okulandelayo kubo:

Ama-48.8% (50.8%) awachazi ukusatshalaliswa

I-27.8% (23.2%) isebenzisa i-CentOS

7.6% (9.8%) - Cray Linux

3% (3.6%) - ISUSE

I-4,8% (5%) - RHEL

1.6% (1.4%) - Ubuntu

0.4% (0.4%) - Isayensi yeLinux

Hardware

Ngenkathi sikhuluma ngabakhiqizi abanika amandla lawa ma-supercomputer esingawathola:

ILenovo futhi ingumhlinzeki omkhulu kunabo bonke bama-supercomputer kule TOP500, njengoba imele ama-34.6% emikhumbi ehlolwe yi-Inspur (14.2%), iS Sugon (12.6%), i-HPE (8%) neCray (7.8%).

Ngenkathi isenhliziyweni enika amandla lawa ma-supercomputer Ama-Intel CPU ahola indlela avelele: 95.6%, ilandelwe yi-IBM Power eno-2.6%, i-SPARC64 - 0.8%, endaweni yesine, u-0.4% ku-AMD kuphela ngo-0.4%.

Iningi lazo lisuselwa kuma-processor we-Intel Xeon nama-accelerator e-NVIDIA.

Lapha kufanele ukugqamisa eyodwa yazo, okule Top 500, kusukela kuphela ikhompiyutha enkulu ye-Astra iza neprosesa ye-ARMOkumangazayo ukubona i-supercomputer inikwa amandla yilobu buchwepheshe abaningi abangacabanga ukuthi ayinakho okudingekayo emisebenzini emikhulu.

Ekugcineni manje isikhundla seGreen 500 asisakhishwa ngokwehlukana futhi sihlangana ne-Top 500njengoba ukusebenza kahle kwamandla manje kubonakala kwisilinganiso esiphezulu se-Top 500 (isilinganiso se-LINPACK FLOPS ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla kuma-watts kubhekwa).