Ukuba uyonqena ukwenza imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo kwikhompyuter yakho, iCron ikwenzela yona.
Nguwo Inqaku lesibini kuthotho apho sisebenzisa uluhlu lwento iCawa yamaKatolika ibiza ngokuthi "izono ezibulalayo" njengesizathu cYazi ngakumbi malunga nemiyalelo kunye neenkqubo zehlabathi zeLinux. Kule meko siqhubeka sithetha malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-cron eya kuba luncedo kakhulu kwabo bahlakulela ubuvila.
Njengoko siphila kwixesha labantu ekulula ukubakhubekisa, makhe ndicacise, ngaphambi kokuba ndingene kulo mbandela, ukuba asiyonjongo yam ukuhlekisa ngeenkolelo zonqulo zomntu. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, yintlekisa. Ndachitha inxalenye enkulu yeminyaka yoo-XNUMX ndifunda ikatekizim ukuze emva kokuba ndithabathe uMthendeleko wam wokuQala andizange ndiphinde ndibeke unyawo lwam ecaweni ngaphandle kokuba isiganeko sosapho sasifuna oko. Kuya kufuneka ndibuyise elo xesha ngandlela thile.
Zeziphi icron kunye necrontab?
Besithe icron yidaemon, oko kukuthi inkqubo esebenza ngasemva ngaphandle kongenelelo lomsebenzisi. Ndijonge ulwazi olongezelelweyo kweli nqaku, ndiye ndafumanisa ukuba ukuguqulela i-daemon (Indlela iinkqubo ze-Unix kunye nezinto eziphuma kuzo zibiza olu hlobo lwenkqubo) njenge-daemon. impazamo ebanzikodwa andizukuyilungisa. Sithetha ngezono, kufuneka kubekho idemon enye ubuncinane.
Umsebenzi wecron kukuphumeza, ngexesha elichaziweyo ngaphambili, umsebenzi othile. Uninzi lwexesha kungenxa yeemfuno zenkqubo, nangona abasebenzisi banokubonisa abanye ngokuhlela ifayile yombhalo eyaziwa ngokuba yicrontab.
Kwisithuba sangaphambili besithe imiyalelo yokwenza i-crontab yile:
crontab –e kumsebenzisi omiselweyo
O
crontab –u nombre_de_usuario ngayo nayiphi na enye.
I-Crontab yifayile yokubhaliweyo enika imiyalelo yeCron malunga nokuba wenze ntoni kwaye uyenze nini.
Malunga nokusebenzisa icron ngecrontab
Ukwenza i-crontab yethu kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo oku kulandelayo:
- Kusetyenziswa umgca omnye kumsebenzi ngamnye.
- Umhla kunye nexesha lokwenziwa komsebenzi kufuneka lichazwe. Kwimeko apho ngumsebenzi ofuna ukuphindaphinda. Umzekelo, rhoqo ngoLwesithathu ngo-5 am, ezinye iiparameters zitshintshwa ngeenkwenkwezi (*).
- Ukuba ufuna ukunika ixabiso elingaphezulu kwesinye kwiparameter enikiweyo, ixabiso ngalinye kufuneka lahlulwe ngesiphumlisi.
- Iiparamitha zohlulwe ngesithuba.
- Uluhlu apho isindululi somyalelo sikhoyo kufuneka saziwe
Ngokomzekelo, ukuba sifuna ukuba ikhompyutha yabantwana bethu icinywe yonke imihla ngentsimbi yesi-20:XNUMX ebusuku, siya kuba
0 20 * * * /sbin/shutdown
Kwimeko apho sifuna ukuvalwa ukuba kube ngeCawa kuphela, sitshintsha umyalelo
0 20 * * 0 /sbin/shutdown
Kukho iindlela ezimfutshane ezisisindisayo ekubeni sichwetheze zonke iiparamitha. Bazi:
- @ngeyure: Yenza umyalelo ngentsimbi yeyure.
- @imihla ngemihla: Yenza umyalelo ekuqaleni kosuku ngalunye.
- @veki nganye: Yenza umyalelo ekuqaleni kosuku lokuqala lweveki.
- @nyangazonke: Wisani umyalelo ekuqaleni komhla wokuqala wenyanga nganye.
- @ngonyaka: Yenza umyalelo ngomzuzu wokuqala wonyaka.
Eminye imizekelo yokusebenzisa lo myalelo yile:
@daily /bin/sh /ruta_al_script/nombre_del_script.sh sebenzisa iskripthi seBash.
@hourly /bin/python3 /ruta_al_script/nombre_del_script.py sebenzisa iskripthi sepython ngeyure nganye.
Kuzo zonke iimeko Izikripthi kufuneka zibe neemvume zokuphumeza.
Kwimizekelo esiyibonileyo, akubonisi kuphela umyalelo, kodwa nendlela apho okuphunyeziweyo kubekwe khona. Siza kusebenza naba balawuli:
- /umgqomo: Iqulethe zonke izicelo eziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo.
- /sbin: Nazi izicelo ezifunwa ngumsebenzisi wengcambu ukulawula inkqubo.
- / ikhaya: Apho usetyenziso lomsebenzisi ngamnye lugcinwa khona.
- /usr: Usetyenziso kunye neefayile ezifakwe ngabasebenzisi zigcinwa apha. Zibandakanya iifayile ezinamagama kunye nemisebenzi ekhankanywe kolu luhlu.
Kwinqaku elilandelayo siza kubona indlela yokuphucula ukubhala kwecrontab kunye nezinye izixhobo ezizenzekelayo ezikhoyo kwiLinux.