Ubumbeko lwe-anachrontab. Linux kunye nezono ezibulalayo inxalenye yesine

Senza uluhlu lwesoftware kunye nezixhobo zeLinux ezisetyenziswa njengesikhokelo kuluhlu lwezono ezisixhenxe ezibulalayo. Njengakumanqaku angaphambili, sisebenzisa ubuvila njengesizathu soku Thetha malunga nezixhobo ezizenzekelayo kwiLinux. Omnye wabo kwi-anachron. Kweli nqaku siza kubona indlela uqwalaselo lwe-anacrontab. I-anacrontab yiyo exelela i-anacron ukuba yenze ntoni kwaye iyenze nini.

Kwi-anacron umhla wemisebenzi umiselwe ngeentsuku kunye, kwimeko apho ikhompyuter ayisebenzi ngexesha lokwenziwa komsebenzi, iqala xa iqala.

Ubumbeko lwe-anacrontab

Ekuqaleni i-anacron ijonga uluhlu lwemisebenzi ekufuneka yenziwe kulawulo /etc/anacrontab. Izabelo kufuneka zibhalwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

período retraso identificador del trabajo comando donde:

• ixesha: Ukuphindaphinda umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe ngawo. Inokubonakaliswa ngeentsuku (isishunqulelo sayo ngesiNgesi) ixesha ( @daily, @weekly, okanye @monthly ngosuku, iveki okanye inyanga) okanye ngamanani (1 ngosuku, 7 ngeveki, 30 ngenyanga kunye naliphi na inani ixesha elingafanelekanga leentsuku.
• ulibaziseko: Ubungakanani bexesha lokulinda ngaphambi kokuba uqale umsebenzi. Umzekelo 360 ​​ukwenza umsebenzi ngo-6 ekuseni.
• isazisi somsebenzi: Igama elabelwe umsebenzi ukwahlula kwabanye ngempazamo kunye neengxelo zeziphumo

.

• myalelo: Ngumyalelo ekufuneka i-anacron iwuphumeze ngexesha elibonisiweyo.

Kuba injongo yethu kukusebenzisa i-anacron kwimisebenzi engenanto yakwenza nolawulo lwenkqubo, siza kuphinda-phinda abalawuli abasetyenziswe ngucron kulawulo lwethu lwasekhaya lomsebenzisi. siyenza kunye

mkdir -p ~/.local/etc/anacrontab: ~/.local/etc/cron.daily ~/.local/etc/cron.weekly ~/.local/etc/cron.daily  ~/.var/spool/anacron

Ngale nto senza abalawuli ukugcina izikripthi ezahlukeneyo zemihla ngemihla, ngeveki kunye nenyanga, kunye nendawo apho ingxelo yokuphunyezwa kokugqibela kwe-anacron iya kugcinwa.

Ekugqibeleni, sixelela i-anacron ukuba isebenzise iifolda zabasebenzisi basekhaya endaweni yenkqubo.

anacron -fn -t ~/.local/etc/anacrontab -S ~/.var/spool/anacron

Ngoku siza kuhlela ifayile yoqwalaselo. Siyenza kwi-terminal nge:

nano ~/.local/etc/anacrontab:

Kuxwebhu oluvulayo songeza le migca:

SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

Le migca izalisekisa imisebenzi efanayo ebesele siyichazile kwi-crontab. Bonisa ukuba kufuneka usebenzise i-Bash njengetoliki yomyalelo kwaye apho abalawuli bafumane okuphunyeziweyo. Sigcina uxwebhu nge Meyi + 0 kwaye siyivala ngayo Shift + X.

Igama kunye nendawo yeefolda zecron esizenzayo lukhetho olungenamkhethe. Ndikhethe ukugcina ezo zimiselweyo ukuze ndingabhidekisi abafundi abafuna ulwazi olongezelelweyo oluvela kweminye imithombo. Ngethuba nje umendo weskripthi ubonisiwe kwi-acrontab, ungasebenzisa ifolda ekhethiweyo kunye nendlela yokugcina. Kukwanjalo nakwisazisi somsebenzi.

Kukho ezinye izinto ezimbini eziguquguqukayo esinokuziqwalasela:

• START_HOURS_RANGE

: Seta uluhlu lwexesha apho imisebenzi iya kuqala khona (okt qhuba imisebenzi kuphela ngeeyure ezilandelayo).

• RANDOM_DELAY

: Oku kuchaza ukulibaziseka okukhulu okungahleliweyo okongeziweyo kukulibaziseka okuchazwe ngumsebenzisi komsebenzi (ongagqibekanga ngama-45).

Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-cron kunye ne-anacron?

cron yintoni kwiinkqubo kunye nezinto eziphuma kuyo yaziwa njenge daemon oko kukuthi, inkqubo esebenza ngasemva kwaye ngaphandle kongenelelo lomsebenzisi. Yenzelwe abancedisi, oko kukuthi, izixhobo ezisebenza phantse ngokusisigxina ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokuba nabani na anikele ingqalelo kuyo, kodwa efuna imisebenzi yokulondoloza rhoqo.

ianacron yinkqubo eqhelekileyo zilungele ngakumbi iidesktop Aziqhubeki. Yiyo loo nto, ngokungafaniyo ne-cron, apho eyona yunithi incinci yexesha ingumzuzu, isebenza kunye nobuncinci bexesha losuku olunye.

Ngesizathu esifanayo, i-cron ayibandakanyi ezinye iindlela xa ikhompyutha ingavulwanga.okanye ngelixa i-anacron ihamba ngemisebenzi elindileyo ekungeneni. Xa ifumana umsebenzi ongaqalwanga ngexesha elimisiweyo, iya kwenza umyalelo ochaziweyo kwintsimi yomyalelo emva kokulinda inani lemizuzu echazwe kwibala lokulibaziseka. Iyakuthi emva koko ibhale umhla kwifayile yesitampu sexesha.