Ukuhlaziywa kokufumana: fumana iifayile kwi-Linux distro yakho

Ukukhangela iifayile kunye nezikhombisi kulula ngokuya kwiinjini zokukhangela ezikhoyo ezihlanganisiweyo kubaphathi befayile, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha singathanda ukusebenzisa i-terminal ngcono, okanye asinakukhetha kodwa ukusebenzisa i-terminal njengoko singenayo imeko yemizobo. Ke, Ndikufumene kunomdla ukuphonononga ukufumana, Umyalelo owaziwayo, kodwa into elityelweyo kukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwemeko zemizobo.

Ewe, fumana, njengoko igama layo libonisa, alunamsebenzi kuyo nayiphi na into engeyiyo ukukhangela iifayile, nangona inezinye iindlela ezinje ngokufumana indawo, njl., Siza kugxila ekufumaneni, kuba inamandla kwaye ivumela uninzi olunomdla ekunokukwenza kuphando lwethu ngempumelelo. Ukuba siyisebenzisa njengoko injalo, ngaphandle kokhetho, into eza kuyenza kukuqalisa uluhlu olufana nolo besiza kulufumana nge-ls, yemixholo yolawulo lonke (kunye nezikhombisi).

Kodwa ayisiyiyo le nto inomdla kuthi, into esiyifunayo kukuba senze ngokwezifiso kwaye siphucule okungakumbi ukukhangela ukuba kuchane kwaye kusincede sifumane eyona nto siyifunayo. Ukuqonda ukuba isebenza njani, ndicinga ukuba ayikho enye indlela ebhetele kunokubonisa imizekelo esebenzayo yokufumana:

• Ukukhangela ngegama, sinokusebenzisa ukhetho okanye indlela yokukhangela «-igama». Umzekelo, umzekelo wokuqala ujonga iifayile / izikhombisi ezinegama eliqala ngo "musi", owesibini ophela ngo "eon", kwaye owokugqibela oneligama "lifunyenwe" ngaphakathi kwengcambu / isikhombisi:

find / -name "musi*"

find / -name "*eon"

find / -name "fundar"

• Kukho ukhetho olubizwa -type, olunokusebenza njengecebo lokucoca ulwelo kwaye linokusetyenziswa kunye -name. Kule meko iyasebenza Chaza uhlobo lwefayile oza kukhangela. Nge-B sijonga iifayile ezizodwa kwimowudi yebhloko, kunye neefayile ezikhethekileyo kwimowudi yomlinganiswa, D kwizikhombisi, F kwiifayile eziqhelekileyo, L ngokudibanisa iisimboli, P ngombhobho onamagama kunye no-S weSocket okanye uqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi. Umzekelo, ukuba ufuna ukukhangela isikhombisi esine "hello" ekupheleni kwegama laso nakwikhombisi yasekhaya / yomsebenzisi:

find /Home/usuario -name "*hola" -type D

• Nathi sinako ukwenjenjalo khangela ngumsebenzisi okanye iqela elilelakhe ulawulo okanye iifayile kwinkqubo. Ngenxa yoko, sinokusebenzisa i -user kunye neqela leekhrayitheriya. Ngoku khawufane ucinge ukuba ufuna ukufumana ifayile equlathe «.mp3» yomsebenzisi «Rosa» kunye neqela «Iikati» kulawulo lokuLanda:

find /Descargas -name ".mp3" -user Rosa -group Gatos

• Ubungakanani bunokusinceda sikhangele ngobungakanani. Kule meko sinokhetho olwahlukileyo lokufaka isicelo. A B iya kubonisa ibhloko, ukuba ubungakanani abukhonjisiwe, ngokungagqibekanga iya kuba zii-512 byte. C ngo-1-byte ASCII abalinganiswa, W ngamagama ama-2-byte (amadala), kunye no-K weeKiloBytes okanye ii-byte ezili-1024. Umzekelo, ukuba sifuna ukukhangela / kwiifayile ezingama-2560 byte (iibhloko ezi-5 512), enye yeempawu ezili-10 ze-ASCII, enye yee-100KB, enye ingaphantsi kwe-5MB enye ingaphezulu kwe-30KB:

find / -size 5

find / -size 10c

find / -size 100K

find / -size -5000K

find / -size +30K

Ewe kunjalo, -size iya kuba ukudityaniswa nazo zonke iindlela zokukhangela ngaphambili nangasemva, ngenxa yoko siya kufumana iziphumo ezichanekileyo ...

• Unga khangela ngeendlela zethutyana. Nge-atime unokukhangela ngomhla wokufikelela kokugqibela. Ixesha-lomhla wokuguqulwa komxholo kunye nexesha -ngomhla wokuguqulwa kokugqibela kwe-inode. Umzekelo, sifuna ukukhangela ngaphakathi / eKhaya, isikhombisi esibizwa ngokuba "molo", esingomsebenzisi "uZaca" nesilungiswe kwithuba elingaphantsi kweentsuku ezi-3 ezidlulileyo:

find /Home -name "hola" -user Zaca -mtime -3

• Kukho iindlela ezingaphezulu khangela njenge -perm ukukhangela ukugunyazwa kokufikelela okanye iimvume, -iikhonkco ukukhangela iikhonkco ezinzima, -inum yenombolo ye-inode. Masihambe nomzekelo wethu wokugqibela, kule meko, siya kujonga umkhombandlela kulawulo lwangoku olunemvume iyonke yomsebenzisi kunye neqela, kunye nokwenza okunye:

find -type d -perm 771

Ngamanye amaxesha asibazi ubuchule besiphelo kwaye sisebenzisa ezinye izixhobo ezinokungavumeli ubhetyebhetye bezinto esele zizelwe. Ndiyathemba ukuba ndiyincedile into ngeli nqaku lithobekileyo. Yonwaba kwaye ushiye izimvo zakho...