Umatshini womphunga: konke malunga nekhonsoli yomdlalo weValve

Sithethile kakhulu kule bhlog malunga Umatshini womphunga. Ikhonsoli yomdlalo evela kwiValve CorporationInkampani esele ikwicala leLinux ixesha elide, zombini zibonelela ngezihloko zomdlalo wevidiyo kwiqonga leepenguin, kunye nokukhuthaza ilizwe lokuzonwabisa kwidijithali kwivenkile yalo yevidiyo ekwi-Intanethi, iSteam, ngendlela, enye yezona zilungileyo ezikhoyo.

Ngoku Ivelufa nayo isizisela izixhobo zekhompyutha ezinomdla, njengoMlawuli weSteam, umlawuli ophucukileyo esiya kuthi sithethe ngaye kamva, iSiam Ikhonkco, imveliso eguqukayo kunye nexabiso eliphantsi enokutshintsha indlela esidlala ngayo, ukongeza kwikhonsoli yomatshini weSteam, umxholo ophambili wenqaku. Ukongeza, iValve isothuse nathi ngokusungulwa konikezelo olwenzelwe ngokukodwa imidlalo yevidiyo enje ngeSteamOS.

IValve Corporation

Ukusinika imvelaphi, yithi iValve yinkampani yaseMelika egxile kwihlabathi lemidlalo yevidiyo kwaye Waduma ngomdlalo wakhe wokuqala wevidiyo, uHalf Life. Emva koko wayeza kukhulula ukulungiswa kwayo ngempumelelo enkulu, ukubala ukubetha. Kodwa ukuba yayiguqukela kwinto ethile, yayikwi-injini yayo yemizobo okanye kwiNjini yomdlalo, ekusekwe kuyo uninzi lwemidlalo yevidiyo. Injini engafaniyo nokhuphiswano, eyenza ukutsiba okukhulu kwendaleko, Umthombo uyalandela, ndivumele ukuthelekisa, inkqubo yophuhliso efana neRolling Release distros, oko kukuthi, ukuqhubela phambili.

Yasekwa ngo-1996 nguGabe Newell noMike Harrington, Ababini ababesakuba ngabasebenzi bakaMicrosoft ababesebenze kwiisistim ezisebenzayo ezinje ngeWindows kunye ne-OS / 2, iValve iphinda ivuke ngamandla kumgangatho wemidlalo yayo nasekuzinikeleni kwayo eluntwini, ngokwandiswa kunye neemodyuli zokwandisa amandla emidlalo yayo. Emva koko ezinye izihloko ezidumileyo ziya kuza njengePortal, Ekhohlo 4 Abafileyo, njl. Impumelelo iya kuqhubeka nokuvula ivenkile yestam kwi-Intanethi ngo-92 kwaye ngoku inezigidi zabasebenzisi abasebenzayo.

Kodwa iValve ayijolisanga kuphela kwisoftware kunye neenkonzo, ikwakhuthaze ezinye iiprojekthi zehardware ezinje ngeSteam Controller kunye noMatshini weSteam esiza kuthetha ngawo ngokubanzi. Ngendlela enye, usimangazile sonke ngokukhupha ikhonkco lakhe lomphunga, imveliso enexabiso eliphantsi (ngokulambisa € 50) esivumela ukuba sizise imidlalo nakweyiphi na ikhompyuter kwiTV yakho ngaphandle kweengcingo ukuze ukwazi ukudlala ngokungathi ikhonkco, ngaphandle kweqonga.

Yintoni umatshini weSteam?

Umatshini womphunga, okanye ibhokisi yeStam njengoko yayisaziwa ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwayo, ingaphezulu kwekhonsoli yevidiyo, ewe, andinabuganga bokuthi iyakududuza. Ingaphezulu kweqonga lehardware, into enje ngePC okanye iMac, yintoni enye, Umatshini weSteam ujongeka ngathi yikhonsoli, kodwa yiPC. Kutheni ndisitsho nje? Ilula kakhulu, i-Xbox, i-Wii okanye i-PlayStation yinduduzo, eyokuqala evela kwiMicrosoft, eyesibini ivela kwiNintendo kunye neyesithathu kwaSony.

Nangona kunjalo, nangona eli qonga lenziwe yiValve, uMatshini weSteam usasazwa, oko kukuthi, abavelisi abaninzi abahlukeneyo banokwenza uMatshini wabo weSitimu kwaye bayithengise, eneempawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo, nangona ezinye izinto ezinje ngokusebenza kunye nenkqubo yokusebenza ziqhelekile. Kungenxa yoko le nto ndiyithelekisa ngaphezu kwekhonsoli, eneqonga, elifana nePC elinokwenziwa nguSony, Samsung, Xiaomi, HP, Dell, ASUS, ..., Umatshini weSteam unokuba neemveliso ezahlukeneyo. Nkqu ungazenzela eyakho.

Yintoni abafana ngayo? Ewe, zonke zisebenza ngolawulo olwahlukeneyo, kodwa ulawulo ngokugqwesa okusizisela iValve lubizwa ngokuba nguMlawuli weSteam kwaye siza kuthetha ngayo kamva. Ngale ndlela, iyaguquguquka ngakumbi kuneekhonsoli zevidiyo ezivela kwaSony, iMicrosoft okanye iNintendo, ivumela ubhetyebhetye ngokupheleleyo ngokwehardware. Ukongeza, bonke banazo Inkqubo yakho yokusebenza kweSteamOSUkuhanjiswa kweLinux ngokusekwe kwiDebian kwaye kuyilelwe imidlalo yevidiyo ngeqonga leStam esele lifakiwe.

Ukongeza, iValve yenze umsebenzi nge-SteamOS ukuze abaqhubi abasebenzayo babavelisi be Amakhadi emizobo ye-AMD kunye ne-NVIDIA ukubonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu kwimizobo, ukongeza kwezinye izixhobo zekhompyutha, kwaye kuyenziwe ukuba ukwazi ukusebenzisa iStam Controller njengomlawuli kwimidlalo yakho. Kwangokunjalo, amaqonga okuzonwabisa anjengeNetflix okanye iSpotify aya kubakho kwiSteamOS ukuze ungadikwa okomzuzwana kwaye ukwazi ukufikelela kumxholo wokumamela.

Kukwanokwenzeka ukuba Inguqulelo ephathekayo yoMatshini weSteam (iSmach Z, Into efana nePSP kaSony okanye iNitendo's DS. Ikhonsoli yeepokotho eneempawu ezizodwa zoMatshini weStam. Kukho amarhe okuba inokukhutshwa ngeli xesha lonyaka ka-2016, ke siya kuthi sinikele ingqalelo kwiskoop. Okwangoku siyazi ukuba iyakubiza malunga ne-299 yeedola kwaye iya kuthi ibize malunga ne-300 euros eYurophu kule mania inegazi yokuguqula i- $ = €, ibenzakalise abasebenzisi baseYurophu.

Siyazi ukuba Umatshini oShukumayo ophathwayo okanye uSMACH Z uya kudibanisa i-AMD G-Series SoC "Ukhozi lweSteppe" kunye ne-Jaguar cores kunye ne-Radeon GPU edibeneyo kunye nenkxaso ye-GCN. Iya kubandakanya i-4GB ye-RAM, i-32GB yememori yangaphakathi yokugcinwa kunye nokukwazi ukwandiswa kusetyenziswa amakhadi e-SD. I-USB-OTG nayo iya kuxhaswa, i-5-intshi ye-720p yescreen sokuchukumisa, ukulungelelaniswa kunye neendlela zokuphatha zokudlala, ukuphuma kwe-HDMI, iWi-Fi, iBluetooth, kunye nonxibelelwano lwe4G.

Amandla oMatshini oShushu

UGabe Newell, omnye wabasunguli beValve, ugxeke ngokunzulu amanye amaqonga njenge-PlayStation, i-Xbox kunye ne-Nintendo, uzijonga ngokungalunganga kwezinye iinkalo, nangona kunjalo, iValve yenze izihloko zomdlalo wevidiyo zazo zonke. Kungenxa yoko le nto mhlawumbi umbono weza ukuba enze iqonga lawo lemidlalo yevidiyo, umatshini weSteam, apho ingcinga kunye nefilosofi yeValve ibonakalisiwe.

Makhe sibone ukuba ngaba olu hlaziyo kunye nokulungiswa kwiqonga lomatshini we-Steam lenze iqonga elisebenzayo. Okokuqala, bathi umatshini womphunga inokuxhasa i-multiboot ukuqala zombini i-SteamOS kunye nokufikelela kuyo yonke imidlalo yevidiyo yeLinux, efana naleyo yeWindows operating system. Kulula nokufaka ezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza ngaphandle kwezithintelo ezinkulu (njengoko ubunokukwenza kwiPC eqhelekileyo) njengakwamanye amaqonga anjenge-Xbox, apho abahlaseli baye bakwazi ukufaka i-Linux distro ngomzamo omkhulu, kwaye kwenzeka into efanayo kwiPlayStation.

Ngaphandle kolu bhetyebhetye kokubini xa kufikwa ekufakweni / ekwandiseni izixhobo zekhompyuter kunye neenkqubo zokusebenza, zibonelela ngoMatshini weSteam nge ukuhambelana ngokubanzi kunabo bakhuphisana nabo, ukongeza ekuququzeleleni abaphuhlisi bomdlalo wevidiyo ekungafuneki ukuba benze uhlengahlengiso olukhulu kwizibuko lezihloko zabo, kuba basebenza imidlalo efanayo nale nkqubo sele ikhankanyiwe, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuthenga izihloko ezithile zoMatshini weSteam njengokuba kunjalo iXbox, iWii okanye iPlayStation.

Kwelinye icala, i-PlayStation, i-Xbox okanye i-Wii, ukunika imizekelo embalwa, baxhotyise amaqonga abo okugcina izinto kwi-Intanethi ukufumana ii -apps ezandisa ukusebenza kweqonga labo ngaphaya kwemidlalo yevidiyo. Kodwa i-StemOS, ekubeni uyi-distro, unokuxhomekeka kwinkululeko engakumbi, ukufaka zonke iintlobo zesoftwareNditsho neenkqubo ezingenanto yakwenza nehlabathi lokonwatyiswa kwidijithali okanye imultimedia, umzekelo isuti yeofisi, ikhomputha, okanye isoftware yokubonelela ukunika imizekelo embalwa. Ewe kunjalo qhubeka nokuba nezihloko kwivenkile yeSteam. Ngamanye amagama, ukuba noMatshini weSteam kuthetha ukuba nemodyuli kunye nokuguquguquka okuvunyelwa yiPC.

Amaxabiso, umatshini weSteam vs ukhuphiswano

Ngaphandle kwale ingasentla, enye ye Inkuthazo yokuthenga umatshini weSteam xa kuthelekiswa neqonga lokhuphiswano, lixabiso lalo. AbakwaSony, uNintendo kunye neMicrosoft babeka amaxabiso athile kwizixhobo zabo, kodwa ngabasasazi boomatshini abohlukeneyo boSteam, oku kuthetha ukhuphiswano olukhulu kunye nokufumaneka kweemodeli ezininzi kunye namaxabiso awahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, iAlienware (icandelo eliphezulu lokusebenza kukaDell) likhuphe iimodeli ezisusela kwi- $ 599 ukuya kwi- $ 919, ngelixa uSyber ekhuphe ubumbeko ukusuka kwi- $ 499 ukuya kwi- $ 1419. Kwaye khumbula ukuba unokuhlala uzenzela eyakho ...

La I-Sony PS4 ungayifumana kwi- € 339 ukuya malunga ne-400 okanye nangaphezulu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani kwaye ukuba yipakethi yesibonelelo ebandakanya umdlalo wevidiyo. IMicrosoft ibeke i-Xbox One yayo kumaxabiso ajikeleze i- € 469 kuhlobo lwayo kunye nomthamo omkhulu wedrayivu, kodwa unokuzifumana nge- € 350. Ke ngoko amaxabiso awahluki kakhulu ngokubhekisele kumatshini weSteam ukuba awuthathi inguqulelo ephezulu edlula la maxabiso ngoku, nangona uya kuba nezixhobo ezinamandla ngakumbi.

Ukongeza, ngokuhlawula oku (abathengisi banamaxabiso ukusuka kwi-499 yeedola ukuya kwi-6000 yeedola), unganakho, njengoko besiphinda, iqonga eliguquguqukayo ngakumbi, enokukusebenzela ngaphaya kwekhonsoli yegumbi lokuhlala elula, ngakumbi kuneZiko leMithombo yeendaba, iPC eneenjongo ezininzi kwigumbi lakho lokuhlala. Inkqubo ye- abasasazi okanye abathengisi Baza kukubonelela ngeendlela ezininzi, ungazibona iimveliso zeAlienware, Materiel.Net, enye into, Okulandelayo, ICyberPowerPC, imvelaphi, iDigital Storm, Skena iikhompyuter, Falcon Northwest, Webhallen, GigaByte, Zotac, iBuyPower, Maingear (kwaye kuya kubakho ngaphezulu) okanye ngokwakho.

Njengoko besitshilo, iXbox ine inkqubo yokusebenza isekwe kwi Microsoft Windows NT kernel ebizwa ngokuba yi Xbox OS. I-PlayStation ikwanayo nenkqubo yokusebenza ephuhliswe ngu-Sony kwaye ibizwa ngokuba yi-Orbis OS, esekwe kwiFreeBSD kunye ne-modular kernel, kwaye nangona isekwe kwinkqubo yokusebenza evulekileyo, khumbula ukuba ilayisensi ye-BSD ikuvumela ukuba wenze ezinye izinto ezivaliweyo (jonga iMac OS X) kwaye ke Orbis OS nayo ivaliwe. Okokugqibela, iNitendo ikwasebenzisa inkqubo yokusebenza eyodwa, ephuculwe ngokupheleleyo yinkampani ukusuka ekuqaleni, ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kuyo nantoni na.

Kwelinye icala, kuMatshini weSteam sele siyazi ukuba sinako Zombini iiWindows kunye neSteamOS ngenkxaso esemthethweni, ukongeza ekubeni nakho ukufaka nayiphi na enye inkqubo yokusebenza kunye neMac OS X enomfanekiso we-hackintosh wenkqubo ye-Apple, i-Android, njl. Umhlaba ovulekileyo wonke ukuba ube nesoftware kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo yimidlalo yevidiyo kula maqonga. Unokufaka ii-emulators ezithile ukuze udlale imidlalo yevidiyo yakudala okanye amanye amaqonga ngendlela onokwenza ngayo kwiPC yakho.

Umlawuli womphunga

Abanamandla Iqhina levalve, uMlawuli weSteam, yanikwa iipads zemidlalo ezinobuchule, into eyothusa abaninzi. Uluvo lokuqala olunokukunika lona kukuba kukudibana phakathi komlawuli wevidiyo kunye nempuku, enobunzima obuhle bokuphucula uvakalelo ngexesha lomdlalo, i-ergonomic ukuze ungonakalisi izandla zakho ngexesha lakho lokudlala kunye ngempendulo efanelekileyo. Beza nencwadana yemanyathelo ngenyathelo, kodwa bakuxelele ukuba kulula kakhulu ukuzisebenzisa. Ukuba awunayo, unako yithenge nePC yakho kwivenkile yeSteam, apho uya kufumana iipakethi zonikezelo ngeStram Controller ekude.

Iipads zayo ezithandekayo zibuthathaka kakhulu ukuchukumisa, okubambeleyo kwezi zinto zimbini zokuvuya zolawulo oluqhelekileyo. Ezi pads zinentshukumo ekuphenduleni kwizenzo zakho, kwaye isilawuli ngokwaso siqwalaseleke kakhulu, ke unokufaka imephu kumaqhosha ebhodi yezitshixo ukuze usebenze kuMlawuli weSteam kumdlalo owuthandayo. Kwelinye icala, ine-trigger yokukhomba kunye nokudubula, isenzo esiphindwe kabini esiza kukhethwa ngokomkhosi osicinezela. Kodwa eyona nto intle malunga noMlawuli weSteam kukuba ukuba awuyithandi, unokukhetha ukusebenzisa nayiphi na enye isilawuli, imouse, ikhibhodi, ukonwaba, ivili lokuqhuba, okanye nantoni na oyifunayo.

Imidlalo yoMatshini weSteam

Icandelo lokugqibela, kwaye kungaphelelanga apho, lijongana nemidlalo yevidiyo ekhoyo yoMatshini weSteam. Njengoko besesitshilo, unokuba nobuninzi besoftware yeWindows okanye iSteamOS, kuxhomekeka kuguqulelo loMatshini weSteam (kukwakho iimodeli ezibini) kunye nenkqubo yokusebenza oyifakayo. Ubuninzi bezihloko ezikhoyo kwivenkile yeSteam zikulindile, kunye nakwezinye iivenkile ezahlukeneyo ezihambelana noMatshini weSteam. KwiStam kukho izihloko ezingaphezulu kwe-1000 zoMatshini weSteam kwaye ziyanda… (Ngaphezulu kwe-1500 yemidlalo yeSteamOS / Linux).

Kwakhona iiValve zikunika Izixhobo zepokotho yakho ngeSteam Play, eya kukuvumela ukuba uthenge umdlalo wevidiyo kwiqonga elinye kwaye udlale nakweyiphi na ngaphandle kweendleko ezongezelelweyo. Umzekelo, ukuba uthenga umdlalo weMac OS X kwaye ufuna ukudlala kwiWindows okanye kwiLinux ngaphandle kokuthenga uhlobo lwenkqubo yokusebenza kwakhona, unga. Into engafakwanga ngamanye amaqonga, kwaye ukuba uthenga isihloko senkqubo ethile, kuya kufuneka uhlawule kwakhona ukuze ubenesihloko kwelinye iqonga ...

Kodwa iValve khange ime ngxi, ikwenza neenzame zokutsala abaphuhlisi. Umzekelo wawunjalo iprojekthi yakho ye-ToGL evulekileyo, elenza ukuba kube lula ukuhambisa imidlalo yevidiyo I-DirectX kwi-OpenGL ngendlela elula, evumela abaphuhlisi ukuba bapapashe izihloko zeplatifomu ngendlela elula. I-Valve's Steamworks API ikwavumela ukuhambisa imidlalo ye-SteamOS kwezinye i-GNU / Linux distros ngaphandle kohlengahlengiso olukhulu, okwenza kube lula ukugxila kwimithombo yokukhupha izihloko ezininzi hayi kwimizamo emikhulu yokuzibamba.