rsync: uyenza njani i-backup eyongezelelweyo

Yibize nantoni na oyifunayo, ukhuphelo, backup, backup, kodwa yenze. Izikhokelo zibalulekile ukunqanda ukulahleka kwedatha kwaye zihlala zilibalekile. Oku kubiza inkathazo enkulu kunye nemali kwiinkampani ezininzi, kodwa nakwabasebenzisi basekhaya ababona amaxwebhu abo okanye umsebenzi unyamalala ubusuku bonke. Nokuba kungenxa yokusilela kwidiski enzima, ngenxa yengxaki yesoftware eshiya idatha yonakele, ngenxa yokuhlawulelwa, njl. Kwaye apha ungafunda ukuba ungayenza njani nge-rsync.

Khumbula ukuba ukunqanda ukulahleka kwedatha, ukuba uphethe Umgaqo-nkqubo olungileyo yogcino ungagcina idatha yakho okanye uninzi lwazo. Khumbula ukwenza iikopi rhoqo (ezifanelekileyo kwisixa sedatha entsha oyivelisayo kunye nokubaluleka kwayo) kwaye uyenze kwimithombo yeendaba ekhuselekileyo. Oko kukuthi, ungazigcini kwimithombo yeendaba ezinokonakala ezinje ngeediski ezibonakalayo ezinokukrwempa ...

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugcinwa kwemali, kwaye enye endiyithandayo apha yikopi eyongezelelweyo eya kwenziwa ngaphandle kokufaka nantoni na, kuphela nge Isixhobo se-rsync osele uyifumene kwi-distro yakho.

Iindidi zee-backups

Ukuba awukayazi yintoni ugcino olukhulayo, kunye numahluko nezinye iintlobo, ngokuthe ngqo unamathele koku:

• Gqibezela: Zonke iifayile ezinokuthi zibe kwi-drive okanye isikhombisi zikopishwe.
• Ukunyusa-Iya kukopa kuphela iifayile eziguqulweyo emva kogcino lwangaphambili olupheleleyo okanye umahluko. Ukwenza oku, ithelekisa imihla yokuguqulwa kweefayile zomthombo kunye nezo zekopi yangaphambili kwaye ukuba kukho iyantlukwano, isoftware iya kwenza isigqibo sokukopa kuphela ezo zilungisiweyo. Into emnandi ngale kopi kukuba ayinzima njengegcweleyo kwaye ikuvumela ukuba uhlaziye kuphela izinto onomdla kuzo.
• Umahluko: yinto ephakathi kokugcwele kunye nokunyusa. Oko kukuthi, iya kukopa zombini iifayile ezenziweyo zintsha kunye nezo zilungisiweyo.

Uyenza njani ikopi nge-rsync

Nangona kwisihloko kuphela ukunyuswa okukhankanyiweyo, ndiza kubandakanya nabanye, kuba andiwuthandi nawuphi na umsebenzi kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuba kuhle ukuba ukhumbule imiyalelo ngayo.

• Enye Ugcino olupheleleyo:

rsync -avh /ruta/origen /ruta/destino

• Enye ukhuphelo olongezelelweyo:

rsync -avhb --delete --backup-dir=/ruta/destino/copia_$(date +%d%m%Y%H%M) /ruta/origen/ /ruta/destino/

• ukuba umahluko, ukuba ufuna ukuyenza kwiskripthi ukuyicwangcisa yonke imihla, ngeveki okanye ngenyanga, ungayisebenzisa le khowudi:

#!/bin/bash

DAY=$(date +%A)

if [ -e /ruta/copia/incr/$DAY ] ; then
  rm -fr /ruta/copia/incr/$DAY
fi

rsync -a --delete --quiet --inplace --backup --backup-dir=/ruta/copia/incr/$DAY /ruta/origen/ /ruta/destino/