Mva nje ukukhutshwa kwenguqulelo entsha ezinzileyo ye-Qubes 4.1.1 inkqubo yokusebenza yabhengezwa, olu lukhupho oluqhubeka ludibanisa zonke iipatches zokhuseleko, ukulungiswa kwe-bug, kunye nohlaziyo lwe-OS ye-template ephezulu eyenzekileyo ukususela ekukhutshweni kokuqala kwe-Qubes 4.1.0 ngoFebruwari.
Kwabo kuni abatsha kwi-Qubes OS, kufuneka wazi ukuba le yinkqubo yokusebenza isebenzisa umbono wokusebenzisa i-hypervisor ukuze ube wedwa isicelo esingqongqo kunye namacandelo enkqubo yokusebenza (iklasi nganye yezicelo kunye neenkonzo zenkqubo zisebenza koomatshini abahlukeneyo abahlukeneyo).
Izicelo kwiiQubes zohlulwe ngokweeklasi ngokokubaluleka kwedatha ecutshungulwayo kunye nemisebenzi esonjululwayo. Udidi ngalunye lwesicelo (umzekelo, umsebenzi, ulonwabo, ibhanki) kunye neenkonzo zenkqubo (isistim engaphantsi yenethiwekhi, i-firewall, ugcino, isitakhi se-USB, njl.njl.) zisebenza koomatshini abahlukeneyo abasebenzisa i-Xen hypervisor.
Ngaxeshanye, ezi zicelo zikhoyo kwidesktop enye kwaye ziphawulelwe ukucaca ngemibala eyahlukeneyo yezakhelo zefestile. Imekobume nganye inofikelelo lokufunda kwingcambu yeFS esezantsi kunye nogcino lwendawo olungadibaniyo nogcino kwezinye iindawo; inkonzo ekhethekileyo isetyenziselwa ukuququzelela ukusebenzisana kwesicelo.
Yintoni entsha kwiQubes OS 4.1.1
Le nguqulelo intsha ikhutshwe njengoko bekutshiwo ekuqaleni luguqulelo lohlaziyo kwaye ngakumbi ukulungiswa kwebug kuguqulelo lwangaphambili, nangona sinokufumana uhlaziyo kwiinguqu ezenziweyo yoguqulelo lweenkqubo ezenza imeko-bume esisiseko yenkqubo (dom0).
Kuyacaciswa ukuba Ithempleyithi yenzelwe ukuyilwa kwemekobume yenyani esekwe kwi I-Fedora 36 kwaye apho i-Linux 5.15 kernel ikwacetywayo ngokungagqibekanga.
Ngaphandle kwayo Kwakhona kubhengezwe ukuba inguqulo ye-Qubes 4.0 ifika kwi-EOL (ukuphela kobomi) kwi-2022-08-04 (ngokusisiseko kwiveki ezayo). Kungenxa yoko le nto kufowunelwa kubasebenzisi bolu guqulelo lwe-Qubes 4.0 ukuba kamsinya nje bakuba benethuba lokuhlaziya kwiQubes 4.1 ngendlela ecocekileyo yokubuyisela, bayayenza kwaye ngokukhawuleza kube ngcono, oku ngenjongo yokuphepha ikamva. iingxaki.
Ngokufanayo, abaphuhlisi nabo benza isincomo malunga nohlaziyo lwenguqulo ye-4.0 oyikhethayo ukutsiba ngokuthe ngqo le nguqulo entsha ye-Qubes 4.1.1.
Kubalulekile ukukhankanya ezi ngxaki zilandelayo kwaye baceba ukuhlaziya kolu guqulelo lutsha, ukusuka kwi-V4.0:
- Isikripthi asiyiguquli i-LUKS1 ifomathi yofihlo lwediski ukuya kwi-LUKS2 (ufakelo olutsha lwe-Qubes 4.1 lisebenzisa i-LUKS2 kuguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo lwediski, ngelixa iinguqulelo zangaphambili zisebenzisa i-LUKS1).
- Umboniso wangaphambili ukwakhiwa kweQubes 4.0 (phambi kwe-R4.0-rc2) yenze i-/boot/efi isahlulelo se-200 MB kuphela, encinane kakhulu kwi-R4.1. Kwimeko yoyilo lokwahlulahlula, ukufakela okucocekileyo kuyimfuneko.
- Ukuba umsebenzisi wenze amangeno emigaqo-nkqubo ye-qrexec yesiko, asenokungaphathwa ngokuchanekileyo kwi-R4.1, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni zonke iifowuni zaliwe.
- Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ujonge ilog yeempazamo zomgaqo-nkqubo we-qrexec emva kokuqaliswa kwenkqubo ngokutsha, usebenzisa i-journalctl -b umyalelo.
Ekugqibeleni ewe ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi ngayo kolu guqulelo lutsha, unokufunda iinkcukacha kwi-Qubes OS 4.1.1 inqaku lokukhululwa kwi ikhonkco elandelayo.
Khuphela iQubes OS
Ukuba ufuna ukuzama le Qubes OS ungayenza ngokukhuphela umfanekiso wenkqubo kwiwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni kwaye kwicandelo lokukhuphela uya kuyifumana, ungayenza kwifayile ye- ukulandela ikhonkco.
Inkqubo ene-6 GB ye-RAM kunye ne-Intel okanye i-AMD 64-bit CPU enenkxaso ye-VT-x c EPT/AMD-v c RVI kunye ne-VT-d / AMD IOMMU iteknoloji iyafuneka, i-Intel GPU (i-NVIDIA GPU kunye ne-AMD ziyafuneka. ayivavanywanga kakuhle). Ubungakanani bomfanekiso wofakelo yi-5,5 GB.
Kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukuba i-Qubes OS ayinakufakwa kuphela njengenkqubo yokusebenza ephambili, kodwa ikwabonelela ngamathuba okukwazi ukuyivavanya kuhlobo lwayo lwe-Live.