3D oopopayi kwiLinux? Kanjalo…

Baninzi abasebenzisi abazenzela ezabo uyilo lwe 3d oopopayi ngendlela engahlawulwayo okanye abo bazinikele kuyo ngendlela yobungcali. Abanye abantu bakholelwa ukuba ukusebenza nezi ntlobo zoyilo kufuna ikhompyuter yeWindows okanye iMac eofisini yakho. Kodwa akukho nto iqhubekayo kwinyani, kwi-distro yakho ye-GNU / Linux kukho isoftware elungileyo kakhulu.

Ngapha koko, kuhle izifundo zobungcali Baye basebenzisa isoftware yasimahla enjengeBlender emnandi nenamandla. Isebenza njengeNdlovu Iphupha, iBig Buck Bunny, iSintel, iinyembezi zensimbi, iCaminandes, iCosmos Laundromat, iHalf yesiqingatha, kunye nexesha elide njl. 0.

Yintoni i-3D oopopayi?

Ukwazi into malunga nopopayi lwe3D, kufuneka uqale wazi into malunga nemvelaphi yayo ...

… Imbali encinci

Upopayi lwe3D luluqeqesho kuyilo olo yaqala ngo-1972, xa uEdwin Catmull omncinci kunye noFred Parke badala oopopayi bokuqala be3D. Ixesha apho oopopayi bendabuko babefikelela kumda wabo kwaye apho obu buchule butsha bazisa umoya omtsha, uzitshintsha ubukhosi obukhulu beshishini lokumamela.

Ngapha koko, uEd Catmull wayeqale ukusebenzela ifilimu kaLucas, apho abe negalelo lokubonwa kwe Star Wars. Kodwa iphupha lakhe yayikukusebenzisa iindlela zoopopayi ze-3D ukubalisa awakhe amabali, ke ngo-1986 esekwe uPstrong Kunye noAlvy Ray. Kwaye sonke siyayazi impumelelo engummangaliso yemiboniso bhanyabhanya ephume kwezi studio, ezinje ngeToy Toy, Monsters, Cars, Bugs, Nemo, njl.

Malunga noopopayi be3D

La oopopayi bendabuko bubugcisa bokunika imvakalelo yokuhamba kwimifanekiso eseleyo. Yiyo le isetyenziselwa iikhathuni zakudala, okanye i-anime (uhlobo olukhethekileyo loopopayi bakudala baseJapan). Ukuthatha le nkcazo, i-3D oopopayi bobuchwephesha obufuna into enye, kuphela ngemifanekiso enemibala-mithathu ngenjongo yokudala uthotho, iimuvi, imidlalo yevidiyo, intengiso, iziphumo ezizodwa zemiboniso bhanyabhanya, ubunyani bokwenyani, ukungqinisisa okwenyaniweyo okanye okuxubekileyo, Ukulinganisa kwesayensi, njl.

Ukuze oko kwenzeke, isoftware iyafunekaUyakwazi ukuzoba imizobo kunye nokwenza uthotho lokubala ngokusekwe kuqikelelo lwejiyometri kunye neendawo ezinemilinganiselo emithathu yokwenza oopopayi.

Iindidi kunye nobuchule

Kukho ezininzi iintlobo ze-3D oopopayi okanye ubuchule. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Yinyani: Ukudibanisa oopopayi be3D kunye neCGI (Imifanekiso eyenziwe yikhompyuter) kunye neziphumo ezibonakalayo okanye iVFX, unokufumana imifanekiso yokwenyani esetyenziselwa ezinye iimuvi okanye imidlalo yevidiyo. Umzekelo, esetyenziswa kwiimovie ezininzi ezinjengeNkosi yeMisesane, iAvatar, njl.
• I khathuniIikhathuni zemveli ze-2D zinokwenziwa kusetyenziswa oopopayi be-3D ukongeza enye inkalo kuyo kwaye uyinike inkangeleko ethe kratya kwaye inyani. Umzekelo, i-Angry Birds movie.
• Snappy: yindlela ekhethekileyo yoopopayi ye-3D, apho abanye abalinganiswa bayabaxwa kwaye uyilo lwenziwa lula. Obu buchule busetyenziswa kakhulu kwezinye iimovie, ezinje ngehotele iTransylvania.

Iinkqubo zoyilo

Njengalo naluphi na uyilo, oopopayi be3D banazo ezinye izigaba ezibalulekileyo apho umbono uguqulwa ube yimifanekiso eshukumayo ye-3D. Ezo nqanaba zihlala:

1. ImvelisoXa sele unoluvo kunye neskripthi, uqala ukuzoba imizobo yokuba abalinganiswa okanye izinto ziya kuba yintoni. Eli nqanaba liphela ngokwenziwa kwebhodi yamabali, oko kukuthi, ibhodi yamabali.
2. U ku velisa: ngako konke oku kungentla, uyilo lwekhompyuter luqala ukwenziwa kusetyenziswa isoftware. Ngaphakathi kule nkqubo kukho amanyathelo aliqela, ngokufanayo nakwikhadi lemizobo okanye i-GPU xa usenza kwakhona iigraphics:
   1. Ukulinganisa: Izinto okanye abalinganiswa bemiboniso okanye ukulinganisa kuyilelwe ngemilinganiselo emithathu.
   2. Izinto kunye noburhabaxa: nantsi ezi modeli zinikwa ubunjani okanye uhlobo lwezixhobo. Oko kubanika umbala kunye neepropathi zoopopayi. Umzekelo, ukuba zenziwe ngentsimbi, banokuba noluhlu lokukhanya okukhanyayo, okanye banokuba zizinto ezibonakalayo, njl.
   3. Iluminación: liqonga apho ukulinganisa ukukhanya kwenziwa kwimiboniso. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho isibane sombane, okanye ukuba yindawo ebonakalayo phantsi kwelanga, njl.
   4. Oopopayi: linyathelo apho isoftware isetyenziselwa ukunika intshukumo kwizinto okanye abalinganiswa abenziweyo. Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwezixhobo, inokukhubazeka okanye ihanjiswe kunye nezinye iziphumo okanye ezinye. Umzekelo, ukuba lulwelo njengamanzi, luya kuba neentshukumo ezithile kunye nokuziphatha.
   5. NgenisaYeyona nkqubo inzima, apho iifama zeseva okanye ukugqwesa okufunekayo ukuze kubalwe ukwenza ubalo lokugqibela lwe-3D. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukulinganisa okanye kufutshane kunokwenziwa ngePC eqhelekileyo ... Kodwa, umzekelo, uPstrong usebenzisa ii-supercomputer ezinamandla kwiifilimu zakhe.
3. Emva kwemveliso: imifanekiso enikezelweyo iyathathwa kwaye iphinde yenziwe ngokutsha, iyalelwe, idluliselwe kwezinye izihluzi, ezinye iziphumo zongezwa, kwaye iziphumo zokugqibela ziyafunyanwa.

Isoftware yoopopayi be3D phantsi kweLinux

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokuqala nge-3D oopopayi kwi-GNU / Linux, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba zikhona ezinye iipakeji zesoftware ezipholileyo onokuthi uqale ngayo kwaye wenze imisebenzi yobungcali ngokupheleleyo.

Uluhlu lwe ezona nkqubo zilungileyo oopopayi be-3D kwiLinux zezi:

• Blender: Yeyona nkqubo iphambili ye-3D yoopopayi yeLinux kunye nesona sithandwa sisininzi. Inenjini enamandla yokunikezela ekusebenzeni kunye ne-CPU kunye ne-GPU ukukhawulezisa inkqubo, i-interface epheleleyo egcwele izixhobo ze-3D kunye ne-2D imodeli, ukukhanya, izinto zokusebenza, imisebenzi ye-VFX, izixhobo ze-animation kunye ne-rigging, njl.
• Amaphiko 3D: sesinye sezixhobo esele zikhona zobuchwephesha, ezinesakhono sokumodela, ukukhanyisa, izixhobo kunye nokwenziwa, nangona ingayixhasi inkqubo yoopopayi uqobo.
• K-3D- Esinye isixhobo sasimahla njengasentla onokuthi uqokelele kwikhowudi yomthombo. Isixhobo esinamandla samagcisa anemodeli kunye namandla oopopayi. Ukongeza, iyaguquguquka kwaye ikuvumela ukuba ungeze amandla amatsha enkosi kwiiplagi.

Funda oopopayi be3D

Ukuba uyithandile kwaye awazi ukuba ungakwenza njani qala ukufunda malunga ne-3D oopopayi, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba zininzi izixhobo onokuzifunda. Njengomdla othile isidanga sopopayi, isidanga se-intanethi, iikhosi zoqeqesho, iincwadana, njl. Ngabo uya kuqala kwaye uza kufumana inqanaba eliphezulu lamava ukwenza umsebenzi onzima ngakumbi.

Ezi ntlobo zeekhosi zoqeqesho zihlala zikunika izakhono ezisisiseko eziyimfuneko ukuqala ukuhamba kwihlabathi lobuchule kunye nopopayi lwe3D. Njengesiqhelo, baya kukufundisa:

• Sebenzisa isoftware yoopopayi ye-3D ngayo yonke imisebenzi kunye nezixhobo.
• Ukwazi ukuzoba naluphi na uhlobo loyilo, ukubonelela ngokuhamba kunye nokunikezela ukubalisa ibali (amabali alalelwayo) okanye wenze umdlalo.
• Ukuphucula izakhono zakho zokuyila ukuze ujongane neeprojekthi ezintsha.
• Sebenza ezinye iindlela ezongezelelweyo ezifanelekileyo, njl.

Ngubani owaziyo? Mhlawumbi ungumlingisi wexesha elizayo webhanyabhanya ethile ebalulekileyo 3D oopopayi. Ndiyabazi abanye abantu abasebenza ngoku kwiVFX kunye nopopayi, kwaye xa beqala ukufunda ngekhe bacinge ukuba baphelela phi ukusebenza okanye iiprojekthi ezidumileyo abaye banegalelo kuzo ...