I-FreeDOS: Yintoni kwaye uyisebenzise nini

Kutheni kwibhlog malunga neLinux sibhala isithuba esinesihloko esithi FreeDOS: Yintoni? Nangona kwiminyaka yakutshanje unikezelo lweekhompyuter lwandisiwe, luvumela abathengi ukuba bathenge iikhompyuter ngaphandle kweWindows okanye iMacOS p.ifakwe kwakhona, ayinkulu kangangokuba siya kufumana umatshini oza nokuhanjiswa kweLinux esiyithandayo efakwe ngaphambili.

Njengenxalenye yezivumelwano noMicrosoft ukuba akwazi ukuthengisa iikhompyutha nge Windows, lAbavelisi abavumelekanga ukuba bathengise iikhompyutha ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokusebenza. Abanye bakhetha ukusebenzisa unikezelo lweLinux njengendawo yokutshintsha iWindows, kodwa ukuseta kuthatha ixesha kwaye uninzi lwabasebenzisi banokuphela beyikhupha bethanda imveliso yeMicrosoft.

Sebenzisa FreeDOS njengoko inkqubo yokusebenza ivumela, xa umsebenzisi evula ikhomputha angenza imisebenzi esisiseko engaphaya kwaleyo ivunyelwe zizixhobo ezifakwe kwi-motherboard.

Kule posi siza kubona ukuba kutheni ukuthenga ikhompyuter ngeFreeDos yeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo kuba iyasinqanda ukuba sihlawulele ilayisenisi yenkqubo yokusebenza esingayi kuyisebenzisa kwaye enyanisweni siya kuyikhupha.

Imvelaphi yeFreeDOS

Ukuphendula umbuzo yintoni iFreeDOS kufuneka siqale sicace malunga nokuba yintoni inkqubo yokusebenza yedisk (DOS) kwaye yintoni umsebenzi owufezayo kwikhompyuter.

Yintoni iNkqubo yokuSebenza

Inkqubo yokusebenza yinkqubo esebenza njengetoliki phakathi kwamalungu ekhompyuter kunye nomsebenzisi. Ii-aplikeshini ezifana neFirefox okanye i-LibreOffice zisebenzisa inkqubo yokusebenza ukuqhagamshela ngemodem kwiwebhusayithi okanye ukuprinta uxwebhu. Ngaphandle kwendlela yokusebenza eqhelekileyo yokuphatha imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo, ubunzima besicelo ngasinye buya kuba bukhulu ngakumbi.

Nangona iisistim zokuqala zokusebenza ezinojongano lwegraphical zibuyela kwiminyaka yoo-60, kude kube ngoo-80 indlela yemveli esekelwe kwimiyalelo yokubhala yahlala iyinto eqhelekileyo. Kunjalo ke kwabo bakhankanywe kweli nqaku.

Iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwidiski (DOS) zigcinwe kwi floppy disk, hard disk drive, optical disk okanye ipeni drive kwaye ngaxeshanye uzisebenzise njengendawo yokugcina.. Isici sayo esiphambili kukubonelela ngenkqubo yefayile ekwazi ukuququzelela, ukufunda nokubhala iifayile kwidiski yokugcina.

Uluhlu lweenkqubo zokusebenza ezisekwe kwidisk alubandakanyi iisistim zangoku ezisekelwe kwigraphical interface.

IBM PC DOS

Ngokwemveli, i-IBM, kudala ingumvelisi omkhulu weekhompyuter ezinkulu emhlabeni, yenza onke amacandelo efunekayo. Nangona kunjalo, Xa waqala ukusebenza kwikhompyuter yakhe yokuqala, wagqiba ekubeni akhuphe uphuhliso lwezi zinto, kubandakanya nenkqubo yokusebenza.

Yintoni enokuthi ekugqibeleni ibe sesona sigqibo sibi kakhulu kwishishini letekhnoloji (ixabisa ubunkokeli obuqinileyo kwicandelo) ikhokelele inkampani ukuba utshintshelo kwiqela lesithathu kungekuphela nje uphuhliso kodwa nobunini benkqubo yokusebenza yeekhompyuter ezintsha zobuqu.

Ngelo xesha, ukufuduka kwakunengqondo. I-IBM irekhode ilahleko enkulu yeendleko zomthetho kumatyala okubiwa kwepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda. Uninzi lwavela kubathengisi besoftware abanekhowudi yabo ye-IBM eyayilungisiwe kwaye yahlaziywa.

Yiyo loo nto, xa iingxoxo kunye noMicrosoft zaqala ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-80, kwacaca ukuba i-IBM izakubeka iimfuno Inkampani kaBill Gates iya kuba noxanduva lophuhliso kwaye iya kugcina ubunini besiphumo sokugqibela.

Inguqulelo yokuqala yePC DOS yayingelophuhliso olupheleleyo lweMicrosoft. Inkampani yaqala inelayisensi kwaye emva koko yafumana inkqubo yokusebenza eyenziwe yiSeattle Computer Products, nangona yenze wonke umsebenzi wokuziqhelanisa nehardware kunye neemfuno ze-IBM. Intsomi ithi uBill Gates waqala watywina isivumelwano kunye ne-IBM emva koko waphuma ekhangela inkqubo yokusebenza ukuze isebenze njengesiseko saleyo wayefuna ukuyakha.

Iikhompyuter zokuqala ze-IBM ezine-PC DOS zafika kwimarike ngo-1981. Inkqubo entsha yokusebenza yayineempawu ezininzi zeCP/M eyayisaziwa ngoko njengoninzi loyilo, iminxeba esebenzayo, kunye nemigaqo yamagama efayile.. Oku kunikeze abasebenzisi amandla okonwabela amanqaku amatsha njengenkqubo entsha yefayile ngelixa behlisa ijika lokufunda.

I-PC Dos ibe yimpumelelo, yongeza ngaphezu kwe-96% yeentengiso. Ezinye zihambelana nezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza ezibonelelwa yi-IBM njengenye indlela kwiikhompyuter zayo. Iinguqulelo zamva, ezisekelwe kwisiseko sekhowudi ebhalwe ngokutsha ngokupheleleyo, zongeze iimpawu ezintsha kunye nenkxaso yehardware yomntu wesithathu.

I-MS DOS

Ndithe ngasentla isigqibo se-IBM sokuguqula uphuhliso kunye nolawulo lwePC DOS kwiMicrosoft mhlawumbi yayiyeyona mbono imbi kwimbali yeenkampani zobuchwepheshe. I-IBM ayizange ibeke iimeko zokubodwa kubaboneleli bangaphandle, ngoko nawuphi na umenzi unokubonelela ngezixhobo ezifana neekhompyuter ze-IBM ngexabiso eliphantsi ngaphandle kokuhlawula iiroyalties. Kubani ukuba bahlawula intlawulo kuMicrosoft ngokusebenzisa inkqubo efanayo yokusebenza, nangona ngamagama ahlukeneyo kuxhomekeka ekubeni ngubani onikwe iphepha-mvume. Kamva kuya kufuna ukuba wonke umntu ngaphandle kwe-IBM asebenzise igama le-MS DOS. I-DOS sisishunqulelo sesiNgesi senkqubo yokusebenza yedisk.

I-MS DOS yayisisiseko sokukhula kweMicrosoft kwaye ekuqaleni iWindows yayiyimbonakalo yomzobo kuphela. Ukuhambelana ne-PC DOS kwahlala kwada kwangowe-1993, kwaye uphuhliso lwayo lwaphela ngo-199, nangona ukuba nokwenzeka kokwenza idiski yokuqalisa eyisebenzisileyo yagcinwa de kwayi-Windows 8.

I-FreeDOS: Yintoni kwaye kutheni kufuneka siyithathele ingqalelo

I-FreeDOS yinkqubo yokusebenza yomthombo ovulekileyo ekuvumela ukuba usebenzise zonke izicelo kunye nemidlalo ephuhliswe kwi-MS DOS. Kwakhona, inokusetyenziswa njengendlela yokusebenza kwiinkqubo ezizinzisiweyo ezingadingi ujongano lomzobo.

Le disk-based operating system isebenza kuzo zonke iikhompyuter zanamhlanje Ukuqala nge-Intel '386 okanye iprosesa yemodeli ephezulu, ubuncinci be-2MB yememori, kunye ne-40MB yendawo yedisk.

I-FreeDOS ayisiyokopi nje ye-MS DOS njengoko ibandakanya iimpawu ezivela kwiinkqubo zokusebenza zanamhlanje. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• I-FreeCOM: Umyalelo weShell.
• I-FDAPM: Ulawulo lwamandla kubandakanya ukuqala kwekhompyuter, ukuvala, kunye nokulala.
• CuteMouse: Umqhubi weMouse ngenkxaso yevili lokuskrola.
• FDNPKG: Umphathi wepakeji onokuqhagamshelwa kwinethiwekhi.
• Inkxaso yoshicilelo lwegraphics.
• DOSLFN: Ivumela ukusetyenziswa kwamagama eefayile zeDOS amade.
• I-JEMM386 kunye ne-HIMEMX yokulawula imemori.
• I-FDSHIELD kunye neClamAV yokukhusela i-antivirus.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwemiyalelo yeLinux.
• Inkxaso yenkqubo yefayile- FAT32.
• Uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo lweefayile kwiZip kunye neefomathi ze-7zip.
• I-Dillo kunye ne-Arachne yokukhangela iwebhu kwimodi yokubhaliweyo.
• Abahleli beefayile ezahlukeneyo kubandakanya Hlela, Biew, Blocek, E3, Freemacs, vim, Elvis, Pico, kunye neFED.
• Mplayer kunye ne-OpenCP ukudlala umculo.
• Kubandakanya imidlalo yomthombo ovulekileyo njengeNkululeko, iFloppy Bird, iNethack, iSudoku, kunye neTetris.
• Inkxaso ye-Multiboot.

Mhlawumbi umsebenzisi oqhelekileyo akanamdla kwi-FreeDOS. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, uninzi lweebhodi zebhodi ziza zicwangciswe ukuba ziqale kwisixhobo sangaphandle esinenkqubo yokusebenza yokuyifaka, Nangona kunjalo, inokuba sisilumkiso esihle kakhulu sokhuseleko ukuyigcina ifakiwe ukuze ukwazi ukulungisa iingxaki ezizayo.