I-PiEEG sisixhobo somfundi ofikelelekayo kodwa ochanekileyo we-brain biosignals
Ildar Rakhmatulin, umphandi kwiKholeji yase-Imperial e-UK, wenze isixhobo que iguqula iRaspberry Pi ibe yi-brain-computer interface
Esi sixhobo sifowunele I-PiEEG, yimodyuli eyongezelelweyo edibanisa kwiRaspberry Pi. Njengezinye izixhobo ze-electroencephalography (EEG), i-electromyography (EMG) kunye ne-electrocardiography (ECG), i-PiEEG iya kukwazi ukulinganisa imiqondiso yombane evela kwingqondo kwaye itolike ngakumbi ezo zifunyenweyo.
Ngokutsho kukaRakhmatulin, le projekthi yaqalwa ngenxa yokuba waqaphela ukuba umdla kwi-neuroscience yanda ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ekuqaleni, uRakhmatulin wenza i-brain-computer encinci ephathwayo. Ngokutsho kwenkcazo eyenziwe ngumphandi, esi sixhobo se-EEG esicwebileyo esinemilo yesetyhula kunye ne-radius ye-25 mm kuphela yavumela ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla ngokukhululekile imini nobusuku.
Los idatha eqokelelwe sisixhobo yayiza kuthunyelwa kwiseva yomntu usebenzisa iprotocol ye-TCP-IP, evumela ukusebenza ngaphandle kwamacingo kunye noluhlu olufanelekileyo lwesindululo somsebenzisi. Le modeli yangaphambili yayinamandla okunciphisa ingxolo eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi ukuphucula ukuchaneka kokurekhodwa ngengxolo enkulu yegalelo engaphantsi kwe-0,35 μV.
emva koyilo, ixabiso elipheleleyo lalo mzekelo wokuqala malunga ne-$ 350 ye-electrode ye-24. Kodwa ukunqongophala kwe-chip okwenzeka phakathi kuka-2020 kunye no-2021 kunyuse ixabiso lesixhobo kakhulu. Ukuze angayishiyi iprojekthi yakhe, umphandi wagqiba ekubeni aqalise inguqulelo yesibini ye-interface yakhe yengqondo-yekhompyuter, kodwa ngeli xesha isekelwe kwi-Raspberry Pi, eyavumela ukusebenza ngaphandle kwamacingo kunye noluhlu olufanelekileyo lokuhamba komsebenzisi.
Ukhetho lweRaspberry Pi lwenziwa kuba, ngokukaRakhmatulin, yeyona khompyuter idumileyo yebhodi enye kwimarike kwaye yeyona ndlela ilula yokuqalisa ukuthatha amanyathelo akho okuqala kwi-neuroscience. Kule iteration yesibini, umphandi uchaza ukuba ikhuselo lingafumaneka ngokusebenzisa i-Raspberry Pi 3 okanye i-4, ebiza ngaphantsi kwe-$ 100. Ngoko ke, ingabizi kwaye kulula ukuyigcina.
Idityaniswe ne-plugin, i-PiEEG iya kubiza phakathi kwe-250 yeedola kunye ne-350 yeedola kunye nezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Iyahambelana neRaspberry Pi 3 okanye 4
- Iziteshi ezi-8 zokudibanisa i-electrodes emanzi okanye eyomileyo
- Ukudluliselwa kwedatha nge-SPI protocol kunye ne-frequency ye-250 SPS ukuya kwi-16 kSPS kunye nesisombululo se-24 bits ngetshaneli nganye.
- Inzuzo yomqondiso ocwangcisiweyo: 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24
- Ukukwazi ukulinganisa impedance
- I-CMRR iNdlela eQhelekileyo yokwala umlinganiselo: 120
- ingxolo yangaphakathi: 0,4 μV
- Ingxolo yangaphandle: 0,8 μV
- Umqondiso kwiNtsholongwane yeNgxolo (SNR): 130dB
- I-LED yesalathiso samandla kunye ne-ADS1299 yokudibanisa isalathisi
- Izikhonkwane ezi-3 zasimahla zokudibanisa izinto zangaphandle (umhlaba kunye nomjelo weRaspberry Pi)
- I-33 ye-Raspberry Pi GPIO izikhonkwane zingasetyenziselwa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, njengokudibanisa izixhobo zangaphandle.
- Ukucwangcisa ngokulula kunye nesoftware enikezelweyo yomthombo ovulekileyo wokufunda kunye nokucubungula idatha kwiPython, C kunye neC ++
Kwabo banqwenela ukuyifumana, iphulo crowdfunding kutshanje iye yasungulwa. I-4 ye-channel version ye-PiEEG yi-$ 250 kunye ne-8 ye-channel version yi-$ 350.
URakhmatulin kunye namaqabane akhe bapapashe iphepha elibonisa ukusebenza kwalo: Bakwazile ukulawula impuku yokudlala ngokuqhwanyaza.
"Kodwa amandla amakhulu kakhulu kwaye isixhobo sinokusetyenziswa kumashishini amaninzi ahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwiminqweno kunye nobuchule bomsebenzisi," wabhala.
Ngapha koko, uRakhmatulin unika ingxelo, Iimpawu zePiEEG zinokusetyenziswa, umzekelo, kulawulo oluhlakaniphile lwasekhaya, imidlalo, iirobhothi, igalelo lebhodi yezitshixo, okanye imifuniselo ye-DIY polygraph. Isixhobo "sinokuthi sisetyenziswe ngabathandi bokufunda ngomatshini ukwenza iiprojekthi zokulawula iirobhothi kunye namalungu oomatshini anamandla okucinga, ukulawula ubuthongo, ukulawula ukucamngca, okanye njengomtshini wentshukumo, umtshini wobuxoki, kunye nezinye ezininzi," uRakhmatulin uyaphawula.
Iindaba ezimnandi ngezi ntlobo zeeprojekthi zexabiso eliphantsi kukuba banokufunda ngakumbi malunga nengqondo kwiminyaka eyi-10 ezayo kunokuba sifunde kwiminyaka engama-50 edluleyo. Ingxaki ngoku, nangona kunjalo, iya kukufumana abantu abayamkelayo qhagamshela kwingqondo yakho. Kodwa ukongezelela, ubunzima bezinto eziphathekayo abunakukhutshelwa ngaphandle. Enyanisweni, ii-electrode zichazwe ukuba ziguga ngokukhawuleza ekuhambeni kwexesha, oko kunokunyusa iindleko zokusebenzisa isixhobo. Ngaphezu koko, kuyimfuneko ukufumana indlela yokugcina ezi electrode kwindawo ixesha elide, akulula ngexesha lovavanyo.
Kodwa sele unamandla okufunda imiqondiso yobuchopho ngexabiso eliphantsi kwaye wenze imisebenzi esekwe kwezo miqondiso, impikiswano ephikisanayo ngokugcina inkumbulo yomntu kwisixhobo sokugcina iyavela kwakhona.
Umthombo: https://arxiv.org