Ngexesha elidlulileyo, umntu owandifundisa iHTML, CSS kunye neJavaScript wandixelela malunga Umzobo, isixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukubonisa indlela izicelo okanye amaphepha ewebhu aya kujongeka ngayo. Yinto onokuyenza ngephedi kunye nepensile, kodwa olu hlobo lwesoftware luyanceda, ngakumbi ukuba ufuna ukunika umfanekiso ochwephesha ngakumbi. Ngokuphathelele inkqubo, into esetyenziswayo yimizekelo UML, uhlobo lwentetho esiza kuthetha ngayo apha namhlanje.
I-UML (uLwimi oluManyeneyo lokuModela) yi Iinkqubo zesoftware zisebenzisa ulwimi isetyenziselwa ukuchaza, ukubona, ukwakheka, kunye nokubhala amacandelo enkqubo yesoftware. Isetyenziselwa ukubonisa ubume benkqubo, ukusebenzisana kwayo kunye noxanduva, kunye nokumela iinkqubo kunye nokuhamba kwedatha yenkqubo. Isenokusetyenziswa ukumela imizobo yeklasi, imizobo yento, imizobo yecandelo, kunye nemizobo yokuhanjiswa.
Kutheni usebenzise olu hlobo lwezixhobo ze-UML
Andithandi ukuthetha ngobomi bam, kodwa xa ndithetha, andiniki iinkcukacha ezininzi kakhulu. Kutshanje ndiye ndacelwa ukuba ndibeke "izinto" ezintathu kwaye ndizilungelelanise ukuze zibe nentsingiselo kwisicelo esicingelwayo. Into endiyenzileyo kukujonga izintlu ezintathu kunye nezo "zinto" kwaye ndiqalise ukusebenza. Xa ndibeka enye kwindawo enengqiqo, ndabeka u-X kulo mbuzo, ndaqhubeka ... "I-cocoa maravillado" endingazange ndiyigqibe nayo yi-aúpa. Kamva, omnye umntu wandibonisa indlela abacinga ukuba umsebenzi wesikolo owenzelwa ekhaya ufanele wenziwe, eqala ngo uyilo lwenziwe Enkosi kwi-UML.
Emva kokuba ndibone umfanekiso, yonke into yayilula kakhulu, kwaye ngoko ndacinga. Uziva usisidenge xa ucinga kwaye wenze okuninzi kwaye ekugqibeleni ubone ukuba izinto bezinokuba lula kakhulu. Kwaye apha ayingombuzo wokuba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi, kodwa siqonde into emasiyenze kwaye siyazi indlela yokuyicwangcisa. Ehlabathini lesoftware, olu cwangciso lwenziwa ngezixhobo ze-UML, kuba sinokubonisa umzobo yonke into esiyicingayo ngexesha langempela. Ukuba sibona into engadibanisiyo, sinokuhambisa amaqhekeza ephazili de kubekho into elingana ngokucocekileyo kangangoko sinakho.
Eyona nto yasimahla kunye nekhoyo iinketho zesoftware ye-UML yeLinux
Zininzi izixhobo zolu hlobo lokumodela ezinqamlezayo-iqonga, kodwa azininzi kangako ukuba sifuna ukuba zikhululeke, ngokulula, kwaye zingasetyenziswa kwiLinux. Zisenokungabi zezona zilungileyo kwabaninzi, kodwa ndiza kuqala ngezimbini ezenziwe ngabaphuhlisi bezona zidesktops zeLinux ezisetyenziswa kakhulu, okanye abantu abanxulumene nazo.
Isambrela
Andazi kakuhle ukuba igama livela phi, kodwa liqala ngo "UM", njengolwimi lwe-UML, kwaye yile nto ngesiSpanish ingaguqulelwa njenge "iambrela" okanye into enjalo, kunye nenxalenye yoyilo olwenziwe nge-UML. ube nohlobo lwesambrela yesakhiwo. Nokuba kusenokuba njalo, lukhetho olo isinika i KDE, kwaye sele sisazi ukuba "iqela le-K" linjani. Usetyenziso lwabo lusenokungabi lula njengezinye, kodwa lugcwele iimpawu.
Kumfanekiso wekhusi ongentla sibona ukuba unokongeza njani zonke iintlobo zolwazi, ezinje ngeentlobo zedatha ye boolean, idesimali, imitya...
Gaphor
Ukhetho lwe-GNOME, okanye lwesangqa sayo, lu Gaphor. Ilandela ifilosofi ye-GNOME, ebhalwe kwi-GTK kunye noyilo olucacileyo ngakumbi, kwaye kwinguqulelo yayo yamva nje baye bazisa inkxaso yemixholo ekhanyayo nemnyama. Ukuba umxholo omnyama ukhethiwe, imizobo nayo iya kuba mnyama, njengoko kubonwa kumfanekiso wekhusi ongentla.
PlantUML
PlantUML Lolona khetho lubalaseleyo ukuba ujonge into eyeyalo naliphi na iqonga, kuba likwakhona kuDlalo lukaGoogle. Isimahla kwaye ivuleleke ngumthombo, kwaye sesinye sezona zixhobo zirethiweyo luluntu lweLinux.
diagrams.net, UML ukusuka kwisikhangeli
Ukuba asazi kwanto malunga ne-UML, enye yezona zinto zikhethwayo yileyo siyinikwayo diagrams.net. Ayifuni ukubhaliswa, kwaye ukudala ukubonakaliswa kolu hlobo kulula njengoko bekuya kuba njalo ukuba sisebenzise i-Windows Paint. Kwakhona, ayifani nokuba iyafumaneka kwiLinux; kukuba ivela kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yokusebenza enebhrawuza yewebhu.
Kubalulekile: oku ayisiyiyo nje "yenza imizobo"
I-UML lulwimi olungumzekelo, kwaye nangona lunokusetyenziswa ukwenza uhlobo lwemephu ukwenza izinto zibe lula kuthi, enyanisweni. kufuneka uqonde indlela esebenza ngayo, indlela okwenziwa ngayo ubudlelwane njalo njalo. Ukuba sifuna kuphela olo hlobo lwemephu okanye umzobo, kuya kwanela ukutsala iTux Peyinti, Ukudweba okanye i-GIMP. Oku kukubonisa ezinye izinto, njengombutho wesoftware eya kuba neeklasi, iindlela, njl. Ukongeza, into edaliweyo ingathunyelwa ngaphandle kwikhowudi ukuyongeza kwiiprojekthi zolwimi ezifana nePython, iJava okanye iC ++, phakathi kwezinye ezininzi.
Zakuba ziqondwa, ezi nkqubo zinokusetyenziswa kwaye zisebenzise ngokupheleleyo amandla azo. Kwaye kwabo sele bekwazile, ngaba unazo naziphi na iingcebiso onokuthi ungeze kolu luhlu lufutshane?