Bavuma kwi-Debian ukuhanjiswa kwe-firmware yobunini

I-Debian firmware yasimahla

Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti sabelana apha kwiblogi inqaku malunga nokuqala kokuvota ngabaphuhlisi beDebian ababandakanyekayo ekugcineni iipakethe kunye neziseko ezingundoqo, abaqwalasela umba wokubonelela nge-firmware ye-proprietary (engekho simahla) njengenxalenye yemifanekiso esemthethweni yokufakela kunye nezakhiwo eziphilayo.

Ivoti iphunyelelwe yinto yesihlanu echaza "Utshintsho lweNkontrakthi yeNtlalo yokunikezelwa kwe-firmware engekho simahla kwi-installer kunye nokubonelela ngokufakela ukufakela okufanayo". ukhetho olukhethiweyo kuthetha utshintsho kwiSivumelwano soLuntu seDebian, echaza imigaqo esisiseko yeprojekthi kunye nezibophelelo zeprojekthi kunye noluntu.

Inqaku liya kongezwa ukuya kwigatya lesihlanu lekhontrakthi yentlalontle, leyo iqulethe imfuneko yokuthobela imigangatho yesoftware yasimahla, ukuba i-media ye-Debian esemthethweni inokubandakanya i-firmware engeyonxalenye yenkqubo ye-Debian, ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba unikezelo luqhuba kwi-hardware efuna i-firmware enjalo isebenze.

• ufakelo lwemidiya Amagosa eDebian kunye nemifanekiso ephilayo iya kubandakanya iipakethe ezivela kwicandelo elithi "non-free firmware", equlathe non-free repository amacandelo anxulumene firmware. Ukuba une-hardware efuna i-firmware yangaphandle, ukusetyenziswa kwe-firmware efunekayo engahlawulelwayo iya kwenziwa ngokungagqibekanga. Ngexesha elifanayo, kubasebenzisi abakhetha kuphela isofthiwe yamahhala, kwinqanaba lokukhuphela kuya kwenzeka ukukhubaza ukusetyenziswa kwe-firmware engekho simahla.
• Kwakhona, umfaki kunye nomfanekiso ophilayo uya kunika ulwazi malunga nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-firmware elayishiwe. Ulwazi malunga ne-firmware esetyenzisiweyo iya kugcinwa kwakhona kwinkqubo efakiweyo ukwenzela ukuba umsebenzisi afumane ulwazi malunga ne-firmware esetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo.
• Ukuba i-firmware iyadingeka ekusebenzeni kwesixhobo emva kokufakwa, inkqubo iphinda iphakamise ukongeza i-repository ye-firmware engekho simahla kwifayile ye-sources.list ngokungagqibekanga, eya kukuvumela ukuba ufumane uhlaziyo lwe-firmware kunye nolungiso olubalulekileyo lwe-bug kunye nobuthathaka.

Ingxaki ngonikezelo lwe-firmware sele ifanelekile, njengoko abavelisi bezixhobo besiya bebhenela ekusebenziseni i-firmware yangaphandle elayishwe yinkqubo yokusebenza, endaweni yokubonelela nge-firmware kwimemori esisigxina yezixhobo ngokwazo. Le firmware yangaphandle ifunwa yimizobo emininzi yangoku, isandi, kunye neeadaptha zenethiwekhi. Kwangaxeshanye, umbuzo wendlela ilungiselelo le-firmware elingenasimahla linxibelelana ngayo kunye nemfuno yokuthumela isoftware yasimahla kwizakhiwo ezinkulu zeDebian ayicacanga, kuba i-firmware isebenza kwizixhobo zehardware, hayi inkqubo, kwaye ibhekisa kwihardware.

Kuze kube ngoku, i-firmware engekho simahla ayizange ibandakanywe kwimifanekiso yofakelo olusemthethweni. Debian kwaye ithunyelwe kwindawo yogcino eyahlukileyo engekho simahla. Ufakelo lwakha nge-firmware engekho simahla inesimo esingekho semthethweni kwaye isasazwa ngokwahlukileyo, okukhokelela ekubhidekeni kwaye kudala ubunzima kubasebenzisi, kuba kwiimeko ezininzi ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kwezixhobo zanamhlanje kunokufezekiswa kuphela emva kokufaka i-firmware engekho simahla.

Iprojekthi yeDebian ikwanikwe umsebenzi wokulungiselela kunye nokugcina ukwakhiwa okungekho semthethweni nge-firmware engahlawulelwayo, eyayifuna inkcitho eyongezelelweyo yezixhobo zokudala, ukuvavanya, kunye nokusingatha izakhiwo ezingekho semthethweni eziphindaphinda ezisemthethweni.

Kuye kwavela imeko apho ulwakhiwo olungekho semthethweni lukhethwa ngakumbi kumsebenzisi ukuba ufuna ukufumana inkxaso eqhelekileyo kwikhompyuter yakhe, kwaye ukufakela ukwakhiwa okusemthethweni okucetyiswayo kudla ngokukhokelela kwimiba yenkxaso yehardware.

Ngaphaya koko, ukusetyenziswa kolwakhiwo olungekho semthethweni kuphazamisana neyona nto ilungileyo yokubonelela ngesoftware yomthombo ovulekileyo kuphela kwaye ngokungazi kukhokelela ekwazisweni kwesoftware engasimahla, kuba umsebenzisi, kunye ne-firmware, ikwafumana indawo yokugcina engasimahla. simahla.

Gqibela Ukuba unomdla wokwazi okungakumbi ngayo, ungajonga iinkcukacha Kule khonkco ilandelayo.