I-Red Hat isanda kukhupha ukukhululwa kwe inguqulelo yokuqala yebeta ye "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9" eyiphi ibalasele ngokufudukela kwayo kwinkqubo yophuhliso evuleleke ngakumbi ukuba ngokungafaniyo namasebe angaphambili, isiseko se-CentOS Stream 9 iphakheji isetyenziswe njengesiseko sokwakha ukuhanjiswa.
Kwabo abangekaqhelani ne-CentOS Stream, kufuneka wazi ukuba i-CentOS Stream ibekwe njengeprojekthi ephezulu ye-RHEL, ivumela abathathi-nxaxheba beqela lesithathu ukuba balawule ukulungiswa kweepakethi ze-RHEL, bacebise utshintsho lwabo kwaye baphembelele izigqibo.
Phezulu Entsha kwiRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9 Beta
Kolu guqulelo lwe-beta usasazo luyanikezelwa iza neLinux kernel 5.14, RPM 4.16 umphathi wephakheji, GNOME 40 desktop, kunye nethala leencwadi le-GTK 4. Ngale nto kwi-GNOME 40, i-Activities Overview idesktops ziqwalaselwe kwi-landscape orientation kwaye ziboniswa njengeluphu eqhubekayo ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene. Idesktop nganye eboniswe kwimowudi yesishwankathelo ibonisa ngokucacileyo iifestile ezifumanekayo, eziskrolwa ngokuguquguqukayo kunye nezikali ngonxibelelwano lomsebenzisi. Ibonelela ngenguqu engenamthungo phakathi koluhlu lwenkqubo kunye nedesktop enenyani.
I-GNOME isebenzisa iiprofayili zamandla-umqhubi wedaemon, Inika amandla okutshintshela kwi-fly phakathi kwemowudi yokugcina amandla, imowudi yokulinganisa amandla, kunye nemowudi yokusebenza ephezulu.
Olunye utshintsho olwenzekayo lungaphakathi Ujelo lwesandi luye lwasiwa kwiseva yemidiya yePipeWire, ngoku engagqibekanga endaweni yePulseAudio kunye neJACK. Ukusebenzisa iPipeWire kukuvumela ukuba uhambise ubuchwephesha bokucutshungulwa komsindo kuhlelo oluqhelekileyo lwedesktop, ukuphelisa ulwahlulo, kwaye udibanise iziseko zakho zomsindo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokuzenzekela, imenyu yokuqalisa ye-GRUB ifihliwe ukuba i-RHEL kukuphela konikezelo kwisixokelelwano kwaye ukuba isiqalo sangaphambili siphumelele. Kungenxa yoko Ukubonisa imenyu ngexesha lokuqalisa, kufuneka ubambe phantsi iShift okanye i-Esc okanye iqhosha le-F8 amaxesha amaninzi. Ukusuka kutshintsho kumlayishi wesiqalo, kukwaphawulwa ukuba iifayile zoqwalaselo ze-GRUB zazo zonke izakhiwo zibekwe kwindawo enye / isiqalo / i-grub2 / ulawulo (i / boot / efi / EFI / redhat / grub. cfg ngoku likhonkco lomfuziselo ukuya /boot/grub2/grub.cfg), inkqubo ehlohliweyo efanayo inokuqaliswa ngokusebenzisa i-EFI okanye i-BIOS.
Ukufakwa ngaxeshanye kweenguqulelo ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo kunye nesona sizukulwana sihlala sihlaziywa, Amalungu eApplication Streams asetyenziswa, enokuthi yakhiwe ngoku kusetyenziswa zonke iinketho zokusasazwa kwephakheji exhaswa yi-RHEL, kuquka iipakethe ze-RPM, iimodyuli (iiseti zeepakethe ze-rpm ezihlanganiswe kwiimodyuli), i-SCL (i-Software Collection), kunye ne-Flatpak.
Kwakhona ngokungagqibekanga ulawulo lweqela elinye elidityanisiweyo liyasetyenziswa (iqela v2). Amaqela e-v2 angasetyenziswa, umzekelo, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwememori, izixhobo ze-CPU kunye ne-I / O. Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwamaqela v2 kunye ne-v1 kukusetyenziswa kweqela eliqhelekileyo lamaqela kuzo zonke iintlobo zemithombo, endaweni yoluhlu oluhlukeneyo lwe-CPU. Ukwabiwa kwezixhobo, ukuphola kwememori, kunye ne-I / O. Uluhlu oluhlukeneyo lukhokelele kubunzima ekuququzeleleni unxibelelwano phakathi kwabalawuli kunye neendleko ezongezelelweyo zemithombo ye-kernel xa usebenzisa imithetho yenkqubo echazwe kwii-hierarchies ezahlukeneyo.
Kuyacaciswa ukuba ukongeza inkxaso yolungelelwaniso lwexesha oluchanekileyo olusekwe kwiprotocol ye-NTS (I-Network Time Security), esebenzisa i-Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) izinto kwaye yenza ukusetyenziswa kwe-TLS kunye ne-Encryption eQinisekisiweyo nge-Associated Data (AEAD) yokukhusela i-cryptographic yonxibelelwano lomxhasi-umncedisi. ngaphaya kwe-NTP (iProtokholi yeXesha leNethiwekhi). Iseva ye-Chrony NTP ihlaziywe kuguqulelo lwe-4.1.
Olunye utshintsho ezibalaseleyo:
- Ukufuduka kokusasazwa kwiPython 3 kugqityiwe.Ngokungagqibekanga, isebe lePython 3.9 linikezelwa. IPython 2 iyekisiwe.
- Isebe elitsha lelayibrari ye-crypto ye-OpenSSL 3.0
- Ukusebenza kwe-SELinux kuphuculwe kakhulu kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwememori kuncitshisiwe.
- Ngokungagqibekanga, ukungena kwe-SSH njengengcambu kwaliwe.
- Ipakethe ephelelwe lixesha izixhobo zolawulo lokucoca zichazwe iptables-nft (iptables, ip6tables, ebtables kunye ne-arptables utility) kunye ne-ipset. Ngoku kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise i-nftables ukulawula i-firewall.
- Iphakheji yeskripthi seNethiwekhi isusiwe, sebenzisa i-NetworkManager ukuqwalasela imidibaniso yenethiwekhi.
- Ifcfg ifomati yoqwalaselo isaxhaswa, kodwa i-NetworkManager ayigqibekanga kwifomati esekwe kwifayile yesitshixo.
- I-Clang isetyenziswe ngokungagqibekanga ukwakha i-emulator ye-QEMU, eyavumela i-hypervisor ye-KVM ukuba isebenzise ezinye iindlela zokukhusela ezongezelelweyo, ezifana ne-SafeStack, ukugada izenzo ezixhatshazwayo ze-Return-Oriented Programming (ROP).
- Izakhono zekhonsoli yewebhu zandisiwe: iimethrikhi zokusebenza ezongezelelweyo zongezwa ukuchonga iibhotile (i-CPU, imemori, idiski, izixhobo zenethiwekhi), ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweemetrics zokubonwayo kuye kwenziwa lula usebenzisa iGrafana, ukukwazi ukulawula iipatches ezibukhoma kwi-Kernel. idibaniswe, ukuqinisekiswa kunikezelwe ngamakhadi ahlakaniphile (kubandakanya i-sudo kunye ne-SSH).
- I-SSSD (IiNkonzo zoKhuseleko lweSistim iDaemon) inyuse i-granularity yelogi.
- Inkxaso eyandisiweyo ye-IMA (Integrity Measurement Architecture) ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwamacandelo enkqubo yokusebenza usebenzisa iisignesha zedijithali kunye ne-hashes.
- Kubonelelwe ngenkxaso yokulinga (i-Technology Preview) ye-KTLS (i-kernel level TLS ukuphunyezwa), i-Intel SGX (Izandiso ze-Software Guard), i-DAX (Ukufikelela ngokuthe ngqo) kwi-ext4 kunye ne-XFS, i-AMD SEV kunye ne-SEV-ES inkxaso kwi-hypervisor ye-KVM.
Gqibela ukuba unomdla wokwazi okungakumbi ngayo, ungajonga iinkcukacha Kule khonkco ilandelayo.
Fumana iRed Hat Enterprise Linux 9 Beta
Kwabo banomdla wokukwazi ukuvavanya le beta, kufuneka bazi ukuba imifanekiso yokufakela ekulungele ukusetyenziswa ilungiselelwe abasebenzisi ababhalisiweyo. I-Portal yoMthengi we-Red Hat (I-CentOS Stream 9 iso imifanekiso ingasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukusebenza.)
Kufuneka kukhankanywe ukuba ukuqaliswa kwenguqu ezinzileyo kulindeleke kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka ozayo.