Umhlwa sele uyintandokazi kuphuhliso lwe-Android

IGoogle ityhiliwe kutshanje utyekelo ulwimi lwenkqubo Umhlwa phakathi kweelwimi ezivumelekileyo yophuhliso lwe-Android.

Ukusukela ukuba umhlanganisi weRust wabandakanywa kumthi womthombo we-Android ngo-2019, kodwa inkxaso yolwimi yahlala ilinga. Ezinye zezinto zokuqala zeRust ezithunyelwa kwi-Android kukuphunyezwa ngokutsha kwendlela yokunxibelelana kweBinder yenkqubo yokunxibelelana kunye nesitaki seBluetooth.

Ukuphunyezwa komhlwa yenziwa njengenxalenye yeprojekthi yokomeleza ukhuseleko, ukukhuthaza iindlela ezikhuselekileyo zokufaka iikhowudi kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuchonga iingxaki xa usebenza ngememori kwi-Android. Kuyajongwa ukuba malunga ne-70% yabo bonke ubungozi obunobungozi obuchongwe kwi-Android bubangelwa ziimpazamo xa usebenza ngememori.

Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi oluRust, que igxile kulawulo lweememori ezikhuselekileyo kwaye ibonelela ngolawulo lwenkumbulo oluzenzekelayo, iya kuwunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba sesichengeni okubangelwa ziimpazamo ngexesha lokuphathwa kwememori, njengokufikelela kwindawo yememori emva kokuba ikhululwe kwaye iphuphuma umda wesikhombisi.

Ukuphathwa kwememori ekhuselekileyo kuqinisekisiwe kwiRust ngexesha lokwakha ngokujonga izingqinisiso, ukulandelela ubunini bento kunye nobomi bento (umda), kunye nokuvavanya ukuchaneka kokufikelela kwimemori ngexesha lokubaleka.

Ukugqithisa ikwabonelela ngeendlela zokuzikhusela ekuphupheni Inani elipheleleyo, lifuna ukuqaliswa okunyanzelekileyo kwamaxabiso aguqukileyo ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa, ukuphatha kakuhle iimpazamo kwilayibrari esemgangathweni, yamkela umxholo wezalathiso kunye nokuguquguquka okungagungqiyo ngokungagqibekanga, kwaye inikezela ngokubhaliweyo okumileyo ukunciphisa iimpazamo ezisengqiqweni.

Kwi-Android, ulawulo lwenkumbulo olukhuselekileyo lubonelelwa kwiilwimi zaseKotlin naseJava sele ixhaswe, kodwa ayifanelekanga ekuphuhliseni izinto zenkqubo ngenxa yentloko enzima.

Umhlwa uvumela ukufezekisa ukusebenza kufutshane neelwimi ze-C kunye no-C ++, Ukuyivumela ukuba isetyenziselwe ukuphuhlisa iinxalenye ezisezantsi zeqonga kunye nezinto zokudibanisa kunye nezixhobo zekhompyutha.

Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwekhowudi ye-C kunye ne-C ++, i-Android isebenzisa ukubekwa kwebhokisi yesanti, uhlalutyo olungashukumiyo, kunye novavanyo olothusayo. Amandla okuhlukaniswa kweSandbox anqunyelwe kwaye afikelele kumda wezakhono zawo (ukwahlulwa okungaphaya kweenkqubo akunakwenzeka kwimeko yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo).

Phakathi kokusikelwa umda ekusebenziseni ibhokisi yesanti, bakhankanya ngaphezulu okuphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwememori okuphezulu okubangelwa yimfuno yokuvelisa iinkqubo ezintsha, kunye nolwazelelo olongezelelekileyo olunxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kwe-IPC.

Kwangelo xesha, ibhokisi yesanti ayikuphelisi ukuba semngciphekweni kwikhowudi, kodwa inciphisa kuphela umngcipheko kwaye iyenze nzima uhlaselo, kuba ukuxhaphaza kufuna ukuba kuchongwe enye, kodwa ukuba semngciphekweni okuninzi.

Iindlela zokuvavanya iikhowudi zilinganiselwe kuba, ukuze ufumane iimpazamo, kufuneka wenze iimeko zokubonakaliswa kwengxaki. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ugubungele lonke ukhetho olunokwenzeka, uninzi lweempazamo aluqwalaselwa.

Kwiinkqubo zenkqubo kwi-Android, UGoogle ubambelela 'kwimithetho emibini', ngokutsho nayiphi na ikhowudi eyongeziweyo ekufuneka ingafikeleli ngaphezulu kwesibini kwisithathu seemeko-Sebenza ngedatha yokufaka engaqinisekiswanga, sebenzisa ulwimi olungakhuselekanga lwenkqubo (C / C ++), kwaye ubaleke ngaphandle kwesahlulo esinzima sebhendi (ngamalungelo aphakamileyo).

Kulandela lo mthetho ukuba ikhowudi yokuqhubekeka idatha yangaphandle kufuneka incitshiswe iye kwelona lungelo lincinci (lodwa) okanye ibhalwe ngolwimi olukhuselekileyo lwenkqubo.

UGoogle akazimiselanga ukubhala kwakhona ikhowudi C / C ++ ekhoyo eRust, kodwa uceba ukusebenzisa olu lwimi ukwenza ikhowudi entsha.

Iyavakala into yokusebenzisa umhlwa kwikhowudi entsha, kuba ngokwezibalo uninzi lweempazamo luvela kwikhowudi entsha okanye esandula ukulungiswa. Ngokukodwa, malunga neepesenti ezingama-50 zeempazamo zememori ezifunyenwe kwi-Android zifunyenwe kwikhowudi ebhalwe ngaphantsi konyaka odlulileyo.

Umthombo: https://security.googleblog.com