Linus TorvaldsUmakhi weLinux kernel, ngomnye wabalinganiswa abaziwayo kwinkqubo kunye nekhompyuter. Kodwa hayi ngokuba ngomnye wabadwelisi benkqubo ababalaseleyo kwimbali, kodwa ngenxa yeengxelo zakhe ezihlala ziphikiswana kwaye zingachanekanga kwezopolitiko asiqhelileyo. Uninzi lujonga isimilo sakhe kakubi, kodwa kuyahlekisa ukuba kukho abantu abanjalo okwangoku ngokuchanekileyo kwezopolitiko.
UTheo de Raadt yenye yeenkokheli zeeprojekhthi zemithombo evulekileyo enesimo esithile esinzima, naye uSteve Jobs (njengaye ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi) wayengumntu ongaqhelekanga, enyanisweni, abantu abaninzi ababalaseleyo kwimbali banabalinganiswa abangaqhelekanga. Kodwa into esifuna ukuyibonisa kweli nqaku zi-12 zokugxeka ezenziwe nguLinus ngeeprojekthi zetekhnoloji:
- I-ARM SoC: Umdali uvakalise ukungoneliseki kwakhe zii-SoM ze-ARM, ukuya kuthi ga ngoku ukuba «Ndiyathemba ukuba abayili be-SoC ARM basweleka kwingozi ebuhlungu. […] Gaah, bafana yonke le nto ye-ARM yintlungu yokuntywila esileni.«.
- C ++: Ulwimi lwenkqubo ye-C ++ luye lwagxekwa, hayi nguLinus kuphela, kodwa nangabanye abanjengoRichard Stallman. Babheja kwinto yakudala ngakumbi, enje ngo-C. Kwaye izizathu zabo ziya kuba… Ngaye uthe «Inyani yile, iikhomputha ze-C ++ azithembekanga (ngenxa yokuphatha ngaphandle) […] I-C ++ lulwimi oloyikisayo«.
- I-GCC: i-quintessential compiler kwiLinux, ikwachasisiwe nguLinus. Ayisiyonto ingaqhelekanga kwaphela, sibonile indlela uLinus angazisiki ngayo nasekugxekeni ukwabiwa, iiprojekthi ezihambelana nenkqubo yakhe, abavelisi abanjengoNVIDIA, njl. Kwisihlanganisi seGNU uthe «I-GCC iyabila»Malunga nenye yeenguqulelo zalo.
- EKHAYA: Indawo edumileyo yedesktop ikwayixhoba lamagama athile abalulekileyo eLinus. Ngale nto ucinga ukuba «... isizathu sokuba ndifumane umda we-GNOME kungenxa yokuba mnas ». Okanye «Andikaze ndihlangane nomntu othanda isihogo somonakalo oyi-GNOME 3«.
- I-GNU Ibuhlungu: Ibuhlungu ikernel engazange ibenayo i-GNU kwaye ngekhe ibe nayo ngeli nqanaba. Kuninzi esele kuthethiwe ngale projekthi kwaye iLinus ayikho ngaphantsi: «Ndicinga ukuba uHurd ufile ...«.«Okukwintsusa: yithi HAYI KWIZIYOBISI, kwaye ngekhe uphele njengabantu bakaHurd«.
- I-GNU Emacs: Umhleli wombhalo odumileyo osetyenziswe kwi-UNIX kunye nokuthandwa kwe-Unix, kubandakanya iLinux, kuye kwajoliswa kulwimi lweTorvalds. «... inani elingenasiphelo leenkawu ezibhala kwi-GNU Emacs azisoze zenze inkqubo elungileyo.«.«… Iiemac… sisixhobo somtyholi.«.
- I-HFS +: Inkqubo yefayile eyenziwe yiApple igxekiwe ngumenzi weLinux. «… I-OS X kwezinye iindlela imbi kakhulu kuneWindows kwinkqubo. Inkqubo yakho yefayile iyonke kwaye iyinkunkuma«.«Izinto ezoyikisayo zokwenyani ze-HFS + azikho ngendlela engeyiyo inkqubo yefayile enkulu, kodwa ngendlela eyilelwe ukuba ibe yinkqubo yeefayile embi ngabantu ababecinga ukuba banemibono elungileyo.«.«Ngeliphandle, i-HFS + yeyona nkqubo yeefayile imbi ikhe yakho. UKristu yintoni le nto .... "
- IJava: ulwimi lwenkqubo olwenziwe yiSun Microsystems ngo-1995, ngummkeli wamabinzana afana no: «Ngokubalulekileyo ndiyayibona injini yeJava ityibilika, ayiyi ndawo.»«Ilahlekile kakhulu kubuninzi bayo ngenxa yendlela eyi-Sun Microsystems eyiphethe ngayo«. «IJava ayinamsebenzi kum, loluphi ulwimi oloyikisayo!«
- Oomatshini: I-microkernel iphuhlise ukuthatha indawo ye-BSD, esetyenzisiweyo namhlanje njengesiseko se-Mac OS X ebusweni bokungakwazi kukaSteve Jobs ukufumanisa ukuqesha iLinus Torvalds ukwenza iLinux i-OS X kernel, wenze iimpazamo, ubuncinci emehlweni eTorvalds. «Uluvo lwam kuMach alulunganga kakhulu. Ngeliphandle, sisiqwenga somntu. Inazo zonke iimpazamo zoyilo onokuthi uzenze, nalapho zikwazile ukuyila ezinye zezityalo zakhe«.«Ndigcina abantu bakaMach ... zizidenge ezingafanelekanga.«.
- INGXELO: Inkqubo yokusebenza efana ne-Unix eyenziwe nguprofesa kwiYunivesithi yaseAmsterdam kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuyazi, eyasebenza njengenkuthazo yeLinus yokwenza iLinux ukusombulula iimpazamo zayo, ngokuqinisekileyo iye yagxekwa. «LI-inux isasebenza ngokugqithileyo kwi-MINIX phantse kuyo yonke indawo«. Ebhekisa kuNjingalwazi Andrew Tanenbaum odale i-MINIX wathi: Umsebenzi wakho kukuba ngutitshala kunye nomphandi: isihogo sesizathu esifanelekileyo kwezinye zeMINIX ezonakeleyo. «.
- I-solaris: Yenye yeenkqubo ezilungileyo zokusebenza, ezenziwe nguLanga kunye nomncintiswano onzima kwiGNU / Linux, nangona mva nje sele idlulile. I-Linus Torvalds icinga ukuba «I-Solaris / x86 sisiqhulo ...«.«Abantu abaninzi basamthanda uSolaris, kodwa ndikhuphiswano nabo, kwaye ke ndiyathemba ukuba bayafa.«.
- I-XML: I-W3C, indibaniselwano ejongene ne-HTML, ikwadale ulwimi lokufaka ikhowudi kumaxwebhu abizwa ngokuba yiXML. Kodwa ngale nto, uLinus ucinga ngokungalunganga: «Yeyona fomathi yoyilo yakha yambi […] kwaye ihlala iyintlekele epheleleyo.«.«IXML iyabila. Ngokwenene. Akukho zizathu. I-XML iyanyanyeka ukuba idluliswe ngabantu nkqu nakwiikhompyuter. Akukho sizathu sokuba le crap yoyikekayo ikhona.«.
Ukuguqulelwa kwamazwi akhe akulunganga kakhulu, kodwa indoda ilungile kunesanta. Iyandicaphukisa into yokuba umbhali athi uSolaris yenye yezona "nkqubo zisebenza kakuhle" xa yonke into uLanga ayibeke kwimpumlo yakhe ngathi yicawa enkulu, kwaye apho sine-JNI ekhokele imyuziyam yezothuso zekhompyuter, ecaleni kwenkunkuma njengeJavascript / HTML / CSS.
Akufuneki ukuba, iLinux ikwayinkqubo yokusebenza eshiyekileyo, esekwe kwi-Unix yenye yezona ndawo zineentaba ezinkulu ezakhe zayilwa, kwaye ngokuchanekileyo kungenxa yokungasebenzi kwayo esiye sazilawula ngokupheleleyo kwi-Dos / Windows amashumi eminyaka. Ekuphela kwento enokuhlangulwa ngeLinux yimbumba, kwaye ngoku iyaphinda yenza imisebenzi emininzi, kuba kwiminyaka "yokukhanya okukhulu kwetrafikhi" yayimbi ngaphezu kokubetha utata. Eminye i-linux ecosystem icacisa nje into eyenziwe ngabanye, kodwa ngoonombombiya, kunye nezinye izinto ezifana nenkqubo yolawulo lweephakeji zayo zaphulwe ukusukela ngee-70s.
Ukulwa phakathi kwabalandeli be-Emac kunye neVi kuthelekiswa nabalandeli beendawo zokutyela ezingenampilo ezingena kwiingxoxo ezingapheliyo ukumisela ukuba nguwuphi kubo ongenabungozi empilweni. Baye baba nabahleli abangalawulekiyo kunye nabangaphambi kokubhalwa kwembali iminyaka ngenxa yokuba i-linux ayikaze ibe nomhleli onesidima okanye inkqubo yokusingqongileyo, kwaye nabasebenzisi bayo abayifuni. Batshixelwe kwiqamza le-elitist apho ukwenza izinto ngokufanelekileyo kungafunwa ngenxa yokuba "ziqhelekileyo" okanye ukungcatsha unobangela.
IXML yifomathi embi egwetyiweyo kuba ngumgangatho ovulekileyo, ke akukho loyiko lokuba iiprojekthi zomthombo ovulekileyo ezisebenzisayo ziya kukhokelela kukhuphiswano oluvela kwicandelo labucala. Umzekelo, i-Android iyayisebenzisa kwaye yeyona ndawo imbi kakhulu kumaqonga eselfowuni ngokwendlela yokusebenza. Imbi kakhulu into yokuba kwiinguqulelo zamva nje ziqokelela ngasese iXML kwifomathi eyoyikekayo, emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba ukwahlula iXML ngemithi kubangele ibhetri ye-smartphone ukuba ikhuphe ngokukhawuleza kunengxowa yezinja ezishushu.
Kwaye eyona nto imbi kakhulu kukuba abantu bayanyanzelwa ukuba basebenzise iXML ngokungathi ithatha indawo yolwimi lwenkqubo. Madoda, masibone ukuba ufumanisa ukuba iXML isebenza kuphela ukupapasha iitafile kuphuculo lwentsebenzo olufunyenwe kwangoko xa luphelisiwe, njengoko kusenzeka kwi-PHP nakwezinye iitekhnoloji ezininzi ezoyikisayo.
Isimbo esenziwa nguLinus Torvalds ngomnwe ndingasenza ngazo zonke ezilishumi. Kwaye lonke ityala esinalo lokuba sisebenzisane nezi teknoloji zingathandabuzekiyo nezingalunganga zezaseyunivesithi zikarhulumente, eziqhutywa ngabantu abahlala ngokungaqhelekiyo kwinyani yabo yophondo lwendlovu, nabenza izigqibo ezisekwe kwingcinga ekufanele ukuba ichazwe njenge " isifo sesizathu. "
Ndicinga ukuba ezinye izinto ozithethayo ziyinyani, kodwa oku:
"Ayithandabuzeki into yokuba iLinux ikwayinkqubo yokusebenza yenkunkuma [...] kwaye kanye kungenxa yokungafuneki kwayo ukuba besine-quasi-absolute monopoly ye-Dos / Windows amashumi eminyaka"
Kubonakala ngathi ndiyinto engathandekiyo kum, ngokwenene.
Usisidenge kanene?
Ndiyabulisa uManuel Cruz ungandixelela ukuba yeyiphi enye into enokuthi izenze ngokuxhomekeke kuwe kwezi lwimi iXML, HTML, PHP, CSS, JAVASCRIPT
Akukho thixo unokuba ulungile
"IJavascript, ulwimi lwekamva?"
Ngokusisiseko iJavaScript lulwimi, eyilelwe ukuba isetyenziswe kwiwebhu kwaye yamkelwe zizikhangeli zewebhu, ucinga ukongeza ukusebenza kumaphepha ewebhu, kokubini ukuguqula ujongano lomsebenzisi, kunye nokwenza izinto ezinamandla kuyo.
Olunye lweempawu zeJavaScript kukutolikwa, ukujolisa kwinto, kunye nokuchwetheza ulwimi. Ngokusisiseko oko kuthetha ukuba yenziwe ngomgca, ukuba ixhasa iiklasi kunye nendlela yokusebenza efanayo nakulo naluphi na ulwimi olujolise kwinto (njengeJava, C ++, C # ...) kwaye ivumela ukucacisa izinto eziguquguqukayo, ukujongana neendidi ezininzi zedatha ngokwenza uguquko olungafakwanga.
Ewe masingaphulukani nomtya womxholo wesihloko, uninzi lwenu luya kuthi kakuhle oku sele kwazi wonke umntu ke masiye kwisizathu sokuba ndithethe ngeJavaScript.
IJavaScript ngoku "ibiphila" kwiwebhu ixesha elide, kodwa kumaxesha akutshanje iikhonsepthi ezinje nge "apps zewebhu", "isokethi yewebhu" njl. Oko kukuthi, ukwenza esikwenzayo ngokusetyenziswa kwe desktop, kodwa kudweliswe ngobuchwephesha bewebhu. Kulapho iJavaScript ikhokele khona kwaye iba lulwimi ekubhekiswa kulo kuzo zonke ezi projekthi.
-Linux yeyona nkqubo isebenza kakhulu ziinkampani.
Uphononongo olupapashwe yiLinux Foundation luqinisekisa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-80 zeenkampani zikhetha ukuphumeza amaqonga eLinux kwabanye anjengeWindows okanye iUnix kule minyaka imbalwa izayo.
I-Linux Foundation engenzi nzuzo isanda kukhupha ingxelo ngokubhekisele kulwamkelo lwamaqonga e-Linux, abonakala ngathi ayakhula ngenxa ye Windows.
Malunga ne-80% yeenkampani ezili-1.900 ezithe zavavanywa zithi zinomdla wokusebenzisa iLinux kwezinye iindlela ezinje ngeWindows kunye neUnix, into eza kuyigcina kule minyaka imbalwa izayo.
Imibutho engakumbi iyahamba isiya kwiLinux isuka kwiqonga leLinux, kodwa mhlawumbi olona lwazi luxelayo kukuba iinkampani eziqala ukuhambisa izisombululo kwilifu ikakhulu zisebenzisa iLinux. Ngokukodwa, i-70,3% isebenzisa la maqonga njengeyona iphambili, ngelixa i-18,3% kuphela ifaka iiWindows.
Ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezili-12 ezizayo, i-60,2% yeefemu ezivavanyiweyo zithe ziya kusebenzisa iLinux kwimisebenzi yabo ebalulekileyo.
"Siyakholelwa ukuba impumelelo eyandayo yokwamkelwa kweLinux kwishishini, ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zeshishini, izakukhokelela kuphuhliso lwelinux kunye nentsebenziswano kumashishini amaninzi, utshilo u-Amanda McPherson, usekela mongameli weenkonzo. uphuhliso kwiSiseko. "Ukuba nokuqonda okuyinyani apho iLinux ifumana khona umgangatho kumashishini kunceda ukwazisa abathengisi kunye nabasebenzisi malunga nendlela abanokuthi basebenzisane ngayo ukuqhubela phambili zombini iLinux kunye neetekhnoloji ezixhasayo."
Kwaye ke kukuba uninzi lweenkampani ezinkulu zikhetha iLinux njengeqonga lenkqubo kwilifu (iipesenti ezingama-76 zeeseva) kunye ne-74% icebo lokugcina kunye nokunyusa ukusetyenziswa kwayo kumanyathelo exesha elizayo efini. Ngokumalunga nomhlaba wezicelo kunye neenkonzo, kwakhona iipesenti ezingama-75 zeenkampani zibheja kwiLinux.
Ngenxa yako konke oku, umbono weLinux uya usiba mhle kwintengiso yeshishini. Ama-95% abo baphononongiweyo bakholelwa ukuba iLinux ibaluleke kakhulu kwisicwangciso sabo seshishini sexesha elizayo. Kwaye, ewe, ngenxa yoku, ibango loqeqesho lweLinux liyenyuka, njengoko iinkampani kulindeleke ukuba ziqale ukuqesha iingcali ezintsha eziqeqeshwe kule nkalo kwiinyanga ezizayo. Ithuba lomsebenzi likho.
-Vim omnye wabahleli beetekisi.
Mhlawumbi abaninzi baya kuchukumiseka sisihloko, baya kuthi: hayi indlela ahlekisa ngayo loo mhleli ungathandekiyo ungade uphume ngaphandle kokufunda incwadi!
Abanye baya kuthi, "Kutheni usenza nzima nje? Okokuba kukho iGedit okanye uKate, uhlekisa njani umhleli wemowudi yokubhaliweyo? yile nto nano ikhona kwaye kulula kakhulu "
Ngaphandle kwento abaninzi abayicingayo, iVim ngomnye wabahleli beetekisi eziphambili, ukuba ayingoyena ufanelekileyo Uya kuzibuza ukuba kutheni ndisitsho, kuba nazi ezinye zeempawu zalo:
I-Vim okanye i-Vi eyandulelayo ifakwe ngokungagqibekanga kuzo zonke iinkqubo ezinje nge-UNIX, ezinje nge-GNU / Linux, Solaris, OpenSolaris kunye nee-BSD; yiyo kuphela umhleli, onokuqiniseka ukuba uyifumana naphina apho uya khona.
Nge-Vim ungahlela zonke iintlobo zezicatshulwa, ixhasa ukuqaqanjiswa kwes syntax ye-C, C ++, Perl, Bash, HTML, Php, kunye nezinye ii-syntaxes ezingama-200 !!
IVim ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezinkulu kubaprogram, iVim yenzelwe ukuqhuba inkqubo, ineendlela, ukuhlela, ukudibanisa kunye nokuchaneka. Ungahlela ikhowudi yemvelaphi kwaye ubize umnxibelelanisi wangaphandle, utolike iziphumo zayo. Ukuba kukho iimpazamo zokudityaniswa, ziboniswa efestileni. Imiyalezo yempazamo iyalela umsebenzisi kummandla afunyenwe kuwo ukuze alungiswe.
NgeVim awusoze ube mfutshane xa kufikwa kumaxwebhu, inoncedo oluhlanganisiweyo oluhle kakhulu, kunye namaxwebhu amaninzi afumanekayo kwiwebhu.
Inesikhangeli esidityanisiweyo sokupela kunye nokugqitywa kokubhaliweyo. (Ukugqitywa kwemiyalelo, amagama kunye namagama efayile)
Inqaku elinomdla kukucinezelwa kunye nokudodobala kweefayile, ezenza ukuba kube lula ukuhlela iifayile ezixineneyo
Ukongeza koku, iVim inolwimi lwayo lokubhala ukwenza imisebenzi emitsha
Kulungiselelwe abo bahlela isicatshulwa seLaTeX "Suit latex for vim"
Ezi zinto zisandula ukubizwa ngegama, zezinye, kodwa ayizizo zonke iVim ezinazo. Ukwazi zonke izibonelelo kunye neempawu ze-vim, siyakumema ukuba uzame ngokwakho; njengoko abaninzi besazi, iVim ayisosisihleli ngokungena nje sele sikwazi ukuphatha. IVim inegophe lokufunda elithe chu kancinci kunabanye abahleli abaninzi, kodwa mandikuxelele ukuba wakuba ugqityile kule vim uya kuba ngumhleli wakho wokhetho.
-Izizathu eziqinisekileyo zokusebenzisa ii-Emac.
Ndifumene lo mbhalo kwi-EmacsWiki, kwaye ndiyifumene inomdla ukuyivelisa apha. Ngendlela, ndikhe ndenza iphepha elinikezelwe kwii-Emacs kwiChopping Code, apho ndiza kuhlaziya khona ii-emacs zam kunye nesikhokelo sam sereferensi seEmacs.
Nasi isicatshulwa, izizathu ezifanelekileyo zokusebenzisa ii-Emac. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba uza kuyisebenzisa, enye yezi iya kukuqinisekisa:
I-Emacs isoftware yasimahla, ukhululekile ukuyisebenzisa nangona ufuna njalo.
I-90% yento esiyenzayo phambi kwekhompyuter kukuhlela isicatshulwa (bhala iposi, inkqubo, ubhale amaxwebhu, ubhale kwiwebhu, ...), ukuba singasebenzisa umhleli "omnye" otofotofo kuwo wonke umbhalo esiwenzayo kufuneka sihlele, siya kuba nemveliso ngakumbi kwimisebenzi yethu yemihla ngemihla.
Ukuba ungumdwelisi wenkqubo, ii-emacs zineendlela zokuba nemveliso kakhulu phantse kulo naluphi na ulwimi. Akusekho kufunda umhleli kulwimi ngalunye!
I-Emacs sesona sihleli solwimi lwe-markup (i-XML, i-SGML, i-HTML, njl.njl.) Nayo yonke loo nto ichazayo.
Ii-Emacs ziqwalaselwe kakhulu.
I-Emacs iyandiswa ngokulula.
Sebenzisa i-emacs ekudluliseni ufunda i-lisp.
Ngokufunda iindlela ezimfutshane ze-Emac ufunda iindlela ezimfutshane.
Nditsho no-Eric S. Raymond ucebisa ii-emacs !! (ngobuyatha bakhe phantse yonke enye into)
I-Emacs iyila ngokutsha kummandla wabahleli beetekisi. Ngowona mhleli uphambili!
I-Emacs ngumshicileli wabaduni be-AI.
Ngee-emac nkqu nomzimba wolawulo ufunda ukwenza inkqubo.
Amanqaku aliqela aqukethe uburharha, kodwa zonke zizizathu ezifanelekileyo zokuqala ukufunda ukusebenzisa.
-HTML5 yangoku kunye nekamva lophuhliso lweselfowuni.
Yonke into ibonisa ukuba inguqulelo entsha yolwimi olusisiseko lwewebhu iya kuba yinto ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lweselfowuni okungenani kule minyaka ili-10 izayo. Uphengululo olunomdla lwe-infographic ezinye zezibakala ezibalulekileyo.
Ngo-2015, kwa olu phononongo lunye luqikelela ukuba i-80% yazo zonke izicelo eziza kusetyenziswa ziya kuba ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye kusekwe kwi-HTML5. Olu luvo luxhaswa kukuzivelela kwale teknoloji xa kufikwa ekufikeleleni kumanqaku amaninzi ebekade eyidomeyini ekhethekileyo yekhowudi yemveli. Ukuveliswa kwakhona kweaudiyo kunye nevidiyo ibe yingxaki eziqala ukuphucula kwaye iinkampani ezininzi, kubandakanya iSencha, iapps yeMobi kunye neMozilla, ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ukunika ukufikelela okungcono kwisixhobo kwizinto ezinjengekhamera okanye isantya.
Ngexesha leNkomfa yeHlabathi yeHlabathi ngoFebruwari kunyaka ophelileyo e-Barcelona, iqela leenkampani lahlangana ukwenza i-Mobile Community Core Platform (Coremob), iqonga loluntu le-IT ukugxila nokukhawulezisa ukuvela kwewebhu kwaye oko kuthathe Izintso kubunkokeli bokuhambelana kwe-homogenization ye-HTML5. ICoremob ibandakanya izigebenga ezininzi kuphuhliso nakwilizwe elihambayo, kubandakanya iMicrosoft, iFacebook, uGoogle, iMozilla, i-AT & T, iRed Hat, kunye neQualcomm Innovation Centre. Umbono kukuba ukuze i-HTML5 ifikelele kumandla ayo apheleleyo, uluntu lwetekhnoloji ebanzi kuya kufuneka lusebenze kunye ukuze babelane ngezixhobo kunye nokusasaza iinzame.
Ngenxa yokuba indalo yonke eshukumayo isalungiselela i-HTML5 yendalo epheleleyo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kolu hambo ibe kukufika kovavanyo lwentsebenzo ukulinganisa ukuba ingaba isikhangeli sikwazi kangakanani ukusebenzisa ii -apps ze-HTML5. Kulapho kungena khona i-Ringmark, iseti yeemvavanyo ezisekwe kwiwebhu ezilinganisela ukungqinelana kwesakhono sesikhangeli esiphathwayo esifunwa zizicelo zewebhu, eziyilelwe njengesixhobo somthombo ovulekileyo nguFacebook kuluntu lwaseCoremob. Ngamanye amagama, iRingmark inquma inqanaba lenkxaso yesikhangeli kwaye loluphi uhlobo lwesakhono esinokwenziwa sisicelo kweso sikhangeli. I-infographic ibonisa umzekelo wezakhono zeringi nganye, kwaye zeziphi iinkqubo ezinokuqhuba kwinqanaba ngalinye.
Kumfanekiso we-infographic onokuwufumana apha ngezantsi, usibonisa uphononongo lwe-HTML5 njengangoku nekamva lophuhliso lweselfowuni, esivumela ukuba siqashele icandelo lekamva elisilindeleyo.
Ikamva loopopayi kwiWeb liyi-CSS emsulwa.
Kuqala i-Intanethi yayicaba kwaye ngokusisiseko isicatshulwa, imifanekiso yafika kamva, kodwa ekuqaleni umbandela we-bandwidth kwafuneka ukuba unakekelwe, ngee-80s wawunomda kwaye ubiza kakhulu ukusebenzisa i-Internet bandwidth, unxibelelwano lwalunefowuni kwaye lucotha.
Njengokuba i-Intanethi iphuhlisiwe kwaye nonxibelelwano luphucukile, imixholo yaya ibalabala ngakumbi, kwavela imultimedia kwaye into eyenze ukuba amaphepha eWebhu abenomtsalane ngakumbi: "oopopayi".
Abaphuhlisi ababandakanya ezi mpawu bema ngaphandle kwaye bakwazile ukubamba abathengi abaninzi, wonke umntu wayefuna iwebhusayithi yabo enomdla.
Izixhobo ezinje ngeFlash zize kuguqula umhlaba weWebhu, ngesakhelo sobungcali nesigqibeleleyo esivumele ukuba sifezekise amaphepha aneemifanekiso ezintle nezinomtsalane. Kodwa kule minyaka idlulileyo kwenzeka into engacingekiyo, bagweba ukuphela kweFlash kwaye oyena mntu ubalulekileyo yayinguSteve Jobs, umdali weApple. Imisebenzi iphikise ukugxeka kwakhe iFlash ngokusekwe kwinto yokuba oopopayi kunye nakho konke ukuphathwa kwezicelo kwiWebhu kufanele ukuba kubekhona kwizikhangeli, wathi ukwamkela iiplagi kwizikhangeli kwakubeka umngcipheko wokhuseleko ongenakulawulwa. Abaphuhlisi kuye kwafuneka baqhube.
Kulapho ke ukuza kwe-HTML kunye ne-CSS kuza, indibaniselwano yezi teknoloji sele ifezekisa oopopayi abafikelela kwingcinga yabasebenzisi.
Ngaphandle kobume obufunyenwe ngamashiti wesitayile (i-CSS), ukuvela kwale teknoloji kufezekise izinto ezinamandla kwaye kulula ukuzisebenzisa.
Imibuzo yeCSS Media yenye into enceda ukucacisa uyilo phantsi kweemeko ezithile, njengokuphatha ubungakanani bescreen ezahlukeneyo.
Isishwankathelo, ukuba ufuna ukubaphambili kwi-Web, kuya kufuneka ungene kwi-HTML5 Kunye neCCS3. Kodwa gcinani engqondweni, ngamandla amakhulu eza noxanduva olukhulu, kwaye kuba i-HTML5 kunye ne-CSS3 zisinika amandla okwenza izinto ezinkulu kwiwebhu, ikwawela ikakhulu kubadwelisi beenkqubo kunye nabaqambi ukuba bazi indlela yokuqhuba loo nto isetyenziswayo kwaye iyonwabisa. emehlweni. Oko akufuneki ukuba sijonge iqhosha "Skip intro" kwiphepha ngalinye esilifumanayo.
-Kutheni iCSS3 ikamva loyilo lwewebhu?
Yonke imihla uyilo lwewebhu lusinika izixhobo ezitsha nezingakholelekiyo ukuze amava ethu kwi-intanethi abe mnandi kwaye asebenze. Oku kufezekiswa ngobuchwephesha bophuhliso lwewebhu, kwaye enye yezona zinamandla yiCSS3.
Apha uya kufunda ukuba kutheni itekhnoloji entsha yeCSS3 ikamva loyilo lwewebhu.
Nawuphi na umdwelisi wewebhu olungileyo uyazi ukuba ikhowudi ye-HTML iyasivumela ukuba sakhe ubume bomxholo woxwebhu lwethu lwewebhu kwaye sisebenzise i-CSS yokuhamba kwamaphepha esitayile esinokufomatha umxholo. (umbala, isikhundla, ubungakanani, iifonti, njl. njl.)
I-CSS3 ibonelela ngolawulo oluphambili ngakumbi lwezinto zoxwebhu lwewebhu kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwamathuba amatsha kuyilo lwewebhu.
Ezi zinto zinokwenzeka zivela ekudaleni iziphumo ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo ekuveliseni oopopayi abaphambili, zonke ziphuhliswe ngemigca embalwa yekhowudi yeCSS3.
Akusekho ukuthandabuza ukuba i-CSS3 iya kuba ngumgangatho omtsha oza kulawula ubume bewebhu, kwaye loo mntu ufuna ukuzinikezela kuphuhliso lwewebhu kwaye angahlaziywa yile teknoloji intsha inamandla, uya kushiyeka emva kwabaqulunqi abaninzi kunye nabadwelisi benkqubo abathi iya kuvelisa iiwebhusayithi zale mihla kunye nokubulela okuyimpumelelo ekuphunyezweni kweCSS3.
-Izibonelelo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga zeXML
Ukusebenza ngokulula ngabantu kunye nesoftware.
Yahlula-hlula ulwazi okanye umxholo kwinkcazo-ntetho yakho okanye kwifomathi.
Yenzelwe ukuba isetyenziswe kulo naluphi na ulwimi okanye oonobumba.
Ukucaciswa kwayo kulula ngenxa yemithetho engqongqo elawula ukwenziwa koxwebhu.
Ubume bokulandelelana
Inombolo yeempawu ayinasiphelo
Iingxaki
Ukubakho kweenkqubo zokwakha ngokweemfuno zethu zotshintshiselwano ngedatha kungakhokelela ekwandeni kweenguqulelo ezingahambelaniyo kwaye ukuba oku kungenzeka, isisombululo esenziwe yiXML kukhangelo lotshintshiselwano lwengcaciso sinokukhokelela kwinto echaseneyo .; Endaweni yokumanya ulwimi olupheleleyo, singazifumana sineelwimi ezithile ezizezona zisusayo “kwindalo iphela”.
AMEN
isibuko: <O
I-Linus Torvalds ayikaze isike nantoni na; kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngamanye amaxesha unokubakho ngesiquphe, uhlala elungile kwinto ayithethayo, nangona iifom zakhe ngamanye amaxesha zinokuphucuka ... Kule meko, nangona amagqabantshintshi akhe malunga namanye amanqaku mancinci okanye engaqwalaselwa kwaphela, unako sukuthatha iingqondo zakho uninzi lwezi.
Isimo sengqondo seLinux Torvalds sichanekile ngokupheleleyo.
Andizange ndibone isidingo sokuchaneka ngokuchanekileyo ukuze ndithethe. Kanye njengokuba sinomsindo asilunganga nathi. Ukuthetha kakubi kunomsebenzi wawo, njengayo yonke into ebomini.
Ukuba kukho into ejija ikaka, yile nto ithi kwaye "ayisiyiyo yonke into elungileyo enokuba yiyo" iya kuba nembeko ngakumbi kodwa ayithethi into enye, ke imfundo engeyonyani ofuna ukubhekisa kuyo iyakugculela kwaye kuthintela ukuthetha into oyifunayo.
Ke uLinus uphakamisa umnwe wakhe (i-visual aid) kwaye uthi ngokucacileyo "fuk yu nvidia" :) kwaye ngumyalezo lowo.
Kwabo bangayithandiyo, unokucima i-pc okanye uvale iindlebe zakho.
Ndiyavumelana neXML
Kwizinto ezilishumi elinambini apho uLinus Torvalds axhoma khona umnwe wakhe, INTO ENDIYAVUMELANA NGAYO KWIPhuzu leXML.
Enkosi kwinto yokuba iXML ngumgangatho ovulekileyo kakhulu, ikuvumela ukuba ufake isicelo sokuphinda ubuyele kwiWordPress XMLRPC kwaye "ugungqe" naziphi na kwizigidi kunye nezigidi zeeblogi ezisebenzisa obu buchwephesha (buyingozi ngezantsi kwekhonkco nevidiyo).
IWordPress kuthiwa ithi loo bug ilungisiwe KODWA NDIVIVINYO NGAMATSHINI WOKUGQIBELA kwaye iyaqhubeka isenzeka.
NDISEBENZA kwi-DTT ukuyibeka njengeplagi yeWordPress ukuze yonke iXML ekubhaleni ukuba iyayifumana kwaye ayithobeli UMGANGATHO ngenxa yokuba utshatile, ndiyasusa umnwe kwiLinusTorvalds. 8-)
IINKCUKACHA EZININZI (ezibhalwe ngePython): http: / / securityaffairs. co / i-wordpress / i-27409 / i-hacking / i-drupal-drupal-ebalulekileyo-iphosakeleyo.html
Ukuba le nto ayilunganga, kwaye enye into imbi, bafana, ukugxeka ukuba kulungile, kodwa ukufaka isandla? zingcono? kuba ayisiyombandela wokugxeka kuphela ukugxeka, kukho uLinus Torvalds, ogxekayo kodwa owakhayo, enkosi kwi-C ++, Gcc, kunye nezinye izinto ezibiza njalo, yinto entle encinci eyenziweyo, okanye mhlawumbi emva koko siyaqhubeka ngokuxhomekeka kubuhlanti njengeMicrosoft okanye iApple? Hayi manenekazi, mayibe sisihlandlo sokucinga kwaye masiqalise ukucinga ngendlela yokuphucula izinto. KUSEBENZA kulungile ukugxekwa ngexabiso eliphantsi okunganikeli nto kwitekhnoloji.