UChesterton uthe umsebenzi weentatheli kukunxibelelana ngokufa kweNkosi uJones kubantu ababengazi ukuba kukho umntu ogama linguLord Jones. Inyaniso kukuba, ngaphandle kwenani elincinci labalinganiswa abaziwa kuluntu ngokubanzi, Ihlabathi lobugcisa lizele ngabantu abaxabiseke kakhulu esingazi nto ngabo de i-obituary isikhumbuza ngamagalelo abo.
Ngokomzekelo, kungekudala emva kokufa kukaSteve Jobs, uDennis Ritchie wafa. Igalelo likaRitchie belincomeka kakhulu kunelo likaJobs. Wayekhokela uphuhliso lwe-Unix kwaye wayengomnye wabadali beelwimi zeprogram C. Izinto ezimbini ngaphandle kokuba i-Apple ayiyi kuba yintoni.
Noko ke, ngexesha lokufa kwakhe nangonyaka weshumi, impembelelo yayingaphantsi kakhulu.
Malunga nokufa kukaJay Last
Omnye umntu ongamaziyo oxabisekileyo yayinguJay Last. Ekugqibeleni, owasweleka eneminyaka engama-92 ubudala, Wayengomnye wabaqambi be-silicon chip. Inkampani yakhe yayiyenye yezokuqala ezisibhozo zokufudukela eSilicon Valley, ibeka isiseko sezemali, senkcubeko, kunye nezoqoqosho kwinto eyayikade iyinkunzi yetekhnoloji yekhompyuter yehlabathi.
Unyana wabaphambukeli, umJamani kunye nowaseScotland-Irish (bobabini ootitshala) wafuduka eneminyaka eli-16 ukusuka kwidolophu yakowabo ukuya kuthatha inxaxheba ekuvuneni iziqhamo eCalifornia. Njengoko wafika ngaphambi kokuqala, kwafuneka aphile ngeesenti ezi-5 zeminqathe ngosuku ade aqalise ukusebenza.
Ngo-1956 uGqibele wayegqibezela isidanga sobugqirha kwifiziksi kwiMassachusetts Institute of Technology xa watyelelwa nguWilliam Shockley, umqambi we-transistor kunye nekamva eliphumelele iBhaso leNobel, owazinikela ukujoyina iqela elitsha elalijonge ukuthengisa ngesilicon transistor kwilabhoratri kufutshane nePalo Alto, eCalifornia.
Yayingelodumo lukaShockley okanye lucelomngeni olwagqiba ekubeni uLast asamkele eso sicelo. Wakwenza oko ngenxa yokuba ilebhu entsha yayikumntla wentlambo yeKhalifoniya, apho wayechithe ixesha lasehlotyeni echola iziqhamo emva kokukhwela inqwelo-mafutha esuka kwikhaya lakhe elikwindawo yentsimbi yasePennsylvania.
Akuzange kuhlale ixesha elide kumsebenzi omtsha. Ejongene nomphathi wakhe, kunye nabanye abasebenzi abasixhenxe abaziwa ngegama elinovelwano elithi "Abangcatshi abasibhozo," waseka inkampani yakhe ye-transistor eyaziwa ngokuba yiFairchild Semiconductor., kwindawo ngoku ebizwa ngokuba yidolophu yaseSilicon Valley.
Kwakukule nkampani apho uGqr Last, ekunye neqela lakhe leenzululwazi, bavelisa ubuchule obusisiseko obusasetyenziswa ukwenza iitshiphu zekhompyuter.
Ukuveliswa kweFairchild Semiconductor
U-Shockley kunye neqela lakhe basebenzise izinto ezifana ne-silicon kunye ne-germanium ukwenza i-transistor, enye indlela ephezulu kwiityhubhu zokufunxa eziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki yendlela yokudibanisa ukuze kwakhiwe umatshini omkhulu yaqhubeka.
Okokugqibela kunye neqela lakhe bazama ukusebenzisa iikhompawundi zekhemikhali ukuze bafake i-transistors kwiphepha le-silicon, banqumle, kwaye badibanise ngeengcingo zomntu ngamnye, kodwa le ndlela yabonakala inzima, ibiza kakhulu, kwaye iziphumo azizange zilindeleke.
Kwaba ngoko omnye wabaseki beFairchild, uRobert Noyce, ucebise ukuba kusetyenziswe iphepha elifanayo le-silico ukwakha zombini iitransistors kunye neengcingo. Yindlela esaqhubeka isetyenziswa namhlanje.
Iminyaka yokugqibela
U-Jay Last wayethathe umhlala-phantsi kwishishini lekhompyutha iminyaka engama-47, elawula utyalo-mali lwakhe kunye nengqokelela yakhe yobugcisa base-Afrika kunye neeleyibhile zebhokisi yesitrasi. Ukongezelela, wayengumbhali yaye wayeziqhelisa ukunyuka iintaba.
Njengenyaniso enomdla, ngelixa wayegqibezela isidanga sakhe sobugqirha, ukongeza kwisithembiso sikaShockley wafumana esinye isikhundla sokuba ngumlawuli welebhu yeglasi eButler, ePennsylvania, apho wayesebenze khona ngexesha lasehlotyeni. Xa waxelela abazali bakhe, unina wathi, 'Jay, ungenza ngcono kunoko ngobomi bakho.'
So uyabazi abantwana. Nikelani ingqalelo koonyoko. Baza kugqiba ukwenza utshintsho kwishishini lekhompyuter kwaye baya kukwazi ukuchitha iminyaka yabo yokugqibela beqokelela iilebhile kwiibhokisi zesitrasi.