Ekuqaleni kwenyanga sikhuphe inqaku lokukhumbula iminyaka engama-30 ukupapashwa kwewebhusayithi yokuqala, Inyaniso ebhalwe ngokungathandabuzekiyo imbali kwaye bendisoloko ndinxibelelana kancinci neLinux, okoko ukupapashwa kwewebhusayithi yokuqala kunye nomzekelo wokuqala weLinux Kernel zihamba kunye, kuba bobabini bakhululwa kwangonyaka omnye.
Ukususela Nge-25 ka-Agasti 1991, emva kweenyanga ezintlanu zophuhliso, Umfundi oneminyaka engama-21 ubudala uLinus Torvalds Intengiso kwingqungquthela yecomp.os.minix yenkomfa Ndisebenza kumzekelo wokuqala yenkqubo entsha yokusebenza I-Linux, apho ukuhanjiswa kwe-bash 1.08 kunye ne-gcc 1.40 kugqityiwe. Inguqulelo yokuqala yoluntu yeLinux kernel yakhutshwa ngoSeptemba 17.
I-Kernel 0.0.1 yayiyi-62 KB ngohlobo olucinezelweyo kwaye yayiqulathe malunga ne-10 lamawaka emigca yekhowudi yemithombo ethelekiswa neLinux kernel yanamhlanje inezigidi ezingaphezu kwe-28 zekhowudi.
Ngokophando olugunyaziswe yi-European Union ngo-2010, iindleko eziqikelelweyo zokuphuhlisa iprojekthi efana ne-Linux kernel yanamhlanje kwakuya kuba ngaphezulu kweebhiliyoni zeerandi (kubalwa xa i-kernel yayine-13 yezigidi zekhowudi), ngokwe olunye uqikelelo olungaphezulu kweebhiliyoni ezi-3.
Kancinci malunga neLinux
Ikhonkco leLinux iphefumlelwe yinkqubo yokusebenza ye-MINIX, uLinus wayengayithandi nelayisensi yakhe encinci. Emva kwexesha, xa iLinux yaba yiprojekthi eyaziwayo, abakhohlakeleyo Bazama ukutyhola uLinus ngokukopa ngqo ikhowudi Ezinye zeesistim ezisezantsi zeMINIX.
Uhlaselo lwaphendulwa ngumbhali we-MINIX, Andrew Tanenbaum, othume umfundi ukuba enze uthelekiso oluneenkcukacha lwekhowudi yeMinix kunye neenguqulelo zokuqala zikaLinux. Iziphumo zoPhononongo zibonise ubukho beekhowudi ezine kuphela zekhowudi ezingafunekiyo ngenxa yePOSIX kunye ne-ANSI C iimfuno.
I-Linus kwasekuqaleni ndicinge ukubiza i-kernel Freax, ukusuka simahla, freak kunye X (Unix). Kodwa i-kernel ifumene igama elithi "Linux" ngesandla esikhanyayo sika-Ari Lemmke, owathi, ngesicelo sikaLinus, wabeka i-kernel kwiseva ye-FTP yeyunivesithi, esithi igama lesikhombisi ngefayile hayi "i-freax," njengoko iTorvalds yacela, kodwa "i-linux."
Ngokuqaphelekayo, usomashishini oshishino uWilliam Della Croce ukwazile ukuthengisa uphawu lweLinux kwaye wafuna ukuqokelela imirhumo ngokuhamba kwexesha, kodwa ke watshintsha ingqondo wagqithisela onke amalungelo kuphawu lwentengiso kuLinus. Imascot esemthethweni ye-Linux kernel, i-Tux penguin, yakhethwa ngokhuphiswano olwabanjwa ngo-1996. Igama elithi Tux limela iTorvalds UniX.
Ngokumalunga nokukhula kweKernel kule minyaka ingama-30 idlulileyo:
- 0.0.1-Septemba 1991, amawaka ali-10 ekhowudi
- 1.0.0-Matshi 1994, 176 lamawaka imigca
- 1.2.0-Matshi 1995, 311 lamawaka imigca
- 2.0.0 - Juni 1996, 778 amawaka imigca
- 2.2.0-Januwari 1999, 1,8 yezigidi zemigca
- 2.4.0-Januwari 2001, 3,4 yezigidi zemigca
- 2.6.0-Disemba 2003, 5,9 yezigidi zemigca
- 2.6.28-Disemba 2008, 10,2 yezigidi zemigca
- 2.6.35-Agasti 2010, 13,4 yezigidi zemigca
- 3.0-Agasti 2011, 14,6 yezigidi zemigca
- 3.5-Julayi 2012, 15,5 yezigidi zemigca
- 3.10-Julayi 2013, 15,8 yezigidi zemigca
- 3.16-Agasti 2014, 17,5 yezigidi zemigca
- 4.1-Juni 2015, 19,5 yezigidi zemigca
- 4.7-Julayi 2016, 21,7 yezigidi zemigca
- 4.12-Julayi 2017, 24,1 yezigidi zemigca
- 4.18-Agasti 2018, 25,3 yezigidi zemigca
- 5.2-Julayi 2019, 26,55 yezigidi zemigca
- 5.8-Agasti 2020, 28,4 yezigidi zemigca
- 5.13-Juni 2021, 29,2 yezigidi zemigca
Ngelixa kuphuhliso kunye nenxalenye yeendaba:
- NgoSeptemba 1991: I-Linux 0.0.1, ukukhutshwa kokuqala koluntu okuxhasa kuphela i-CPU ye-i386 kunye neebhutsi kwi-floppy disk.
NgoJanuwari 1992: I-Linux 0.12, ikhowudi yaqala ukuhanjiswa phantsi kwelayisensi ye-GPLv2 - Matshi 1992: I-Linux 0.95, inikwe amandla okuqhuba i-X Window System, inkxaso yememori ebonakalayo kunye nokwahlulahlula ukwahlula, kunye nokusasazwa kokuqala kwe-SLS kunye neYggdrasil.
- Ngehlobo lowe-1993, Iiprojekthi zeSlackware kunye neDebian zasekwa.
Matshi 1994: I-Linux 1.0, inguqulelo yokuqala ezinzile ngokusemthethweni.
Matshi 1995: I-Linux 1.2, ukonyuka okubonakalayo kwenani labaqhubi, inkxaso yeAlpha, iMIP kunye namaqonga e-SPARC, ukwandiswa kwamandla emfumba yenethiwekhi, ukubonakala kwesihluzo sepakethi, inkxaso yeNFS. - NgoJuni 1996: I-Linux 2.0, inkxaso yeenkqubo ezininzi.
- NgoJanuwari 1999: I-Linux 2.2, ukwanda kwenkqubo yolawulo lwenkumbulo, ukongezwa kwenkxaso ye-IPv6, ukuphunyezwa komlilo omtsha, kwazisa inkqubo esezantsi yesandi
- Febrero de 2001: I-Linux 2.4, inkxaso yeenkqubo ze-8-processor kunye ne-64 GB ye-RAM, inkqubo yefayile ye-Ext3, i-USB, inkxaso ye-ACPI.
- Disemba 2003: I-Linux 2.6, inkxaso ye-SELinux, izixhobo ezizenzekelayo zokucwangcisa i-kernel, ii-sysfs, inkqubo yolawulo lwenkumbulo ehlelwe ngokutsha.
- NgoSeptemba 2008, Kwenziwa ingxelo yokuqala yeqonga le-Android esekwe kwi-Linux kernel.
- NgoJulayi 2011, emva kweminyaka eli-10 yophuhliso lwe-2.6.x yesebe, ukutshintshela kwinani le-3.x kwenziwa.
- Kwi 2015, I-Linux 4.0, inani lezinto ze-git kwindawo yokugcina izinto lifikelele kwizigidi ezi-4.
- Nge-Epreli ye2018, Ndoyisile umqobo wezinto ezi-6 zezigidi ze-git-core kwindawo yokugcina izinto.
- NgoJanuwari 2019Kwenziwa isebe le-Linux 5.0 kernel.
- Kuthunyelwe ngo-Agasti 2020, I-kernel 5.8 yayiyeyona inkulu ngokwenani lotshintsho lwazo zonke iinkozo ngexesha lobomi beprojekthi.
- Kwi 2021, khowudi yokuphuhlisa abaqhubi beelwimi zeRust yongezwa kwisebe elilandelayo leLinux kernel.