IChrome iza kube sele inenkxaso yeWebGPU kwaye iya kwenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo

Zimbalwa iintsuku ezidlulileyo IGoogle ityhiliwe ngesaziso esinye inkxaso engagqibekanga yeWebGPU yemizobo API kunye neWebGPU Shading Language (WGSL) kwiChrome 113 yesebe, ecwangciselwe ukukhululwa ngoMeyi 2.

Kwabo bangayazi iWebGPU, kuya kufuneka uyazi loo nto inikeza i-API efana neVulkan, iMetal kunye ne-Direct3D 12 ukwenza imisebenzi ye-GPU-icala elifana nokubonelela kunye nokubala, kunye ivumela ukusebenzisa ulwimi lwe-shader ukubhala iinkqubo ze-GPU-side.

Malunga neWebGPU

Ngokwenyani, IWebGPU yahluka kwiWebGL ngendlela efanayo neVulkan yemizobo yeAPI yahluke kwiOpenGL, kodwa iWebGPU ayisekelwanga kwi-API yemizobo ethile, kunoko ngumaleko wenjongo ngokubanzi osebenzisa i-primitives yomgangatho ophantsi ofanayo ofunyenwe kwi-Vulkan. Isinyithi kunye ne-Direct3D. WebGPU ibonelela ngeJavaScript yezicelo ezinomgangatho ophantsi wolawulo kumbutho, ukusetyenzwa kunye nokuhambisa imiyalelo kwi-GPU, ukulawula izixhobo ezihambelanayo, imemori, i-buffers, izinto ze-texture, kunye ne-graphics shaders ezihlanganisiweyo. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ufezekise usetyenziso lwemizobo ephezulu ngokunciphisa ngaphezulu kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-GPU.

IWebGPU ikuvumela ukuba wenze iiprojekthi ze-3D ezintsonkothileyo kwiwebhu ezisebenza kanye njengeenkqubo ezizimeleyo ezisebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo iVulkan, iMetal, okanye iDirect3D, kodwa ayibotshelelwanga kumaqonga athile. IWebGPU ikwabonelela ngeenketho ezongezelelweyo zokwazisa iinkqubo zemizobo yemveli kwifom eyenziwe ngewebhu ngokuqulunqa kwiWebAssembly. Ukongeza kwimizobo ye-3D, iWebGPU ikwagubungela izinto ezinokwenzeka eziyayanyaniswa nokukhuphela iikhompuyutha kwicala le-GPU kunye nokusebenza kweeshadi.

Kwiimpawu eziphambili zeWebGPU, sinokugqamisa oku kulandelayo:

• Ukwahlula ulawulo lwezibonelelo, umsebenzi wokulungiselela kunye nokuhanjiswa kwemiyalelo kwi-GPU (kwiWebGL, enye into yayinoxanduva kuyo yonke into kanye). Imixholo emithathu eyahlukileyo inikwe: I-GPUDevice yokudala izixhobo ezifana nokuthungwa kunye ne-buffers; IGPUCommandEncoder ukufaka ikhowudi kwimiyalelo yomntu ngamnye, kubandakanywa amanqanaba okuqhuba nokubala; GPUCommandBuffer ukudlula kumgca wophumezo weGPU.
  Isiphumo sinokunikezelwa kwindawo ehambelana nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezinto zeseyile, okanye zinikezelwe ngaphandle kwemveliso (umzekelo, xa uqhuba imisebenzi yokubala). Ukwenziwa kweqonga kwenza kube lula ukwahlula ukudalwa kwezixhobo kunye nemisebenzi yokubonelela kubalawuli abahlukeneyo abanokuqhuba kwimisonto eyahlukeneyo.
• Indlela eyahlukileyo yokuphatha urhulumente. I-WebGPU ibonelela ngezinto ezimbini, i-GPURenderPipeline kunye ne-GPUComputePipeline, ekuvumela ukuba udibanise amazwe ahlukeneyo achazwe kwangaphambili ngumthuthukisi, okwenza kube lula ukuba umkhangeli zincwadi ungachithi izibonelelo kumsebenzi owongezelelweyo, njengokubuyisela i-shaders. Amazwe axhaswayo aquka: i-shaders, i-vertex buffer kunye nokwakheka kweempawu, iiplani zeqela ezisisigxina, ukudibanisa, ubunzulu kunye neepateni, iifomathi zemveliso ye-post-render.
• Imodeli ebophelelayo, efana nezixhobo zokuhlanganisa izixhobo zikaVulkan. Ukuqokelela izixhobo zibe ngamaqela, iWebGPU ibonelela ngento ye-GPUBindGroup enokuthi iboshwe kwezinye izinto ezifanayo ukuze zisetyenziswe kwi-shaders ngexesha lokurekhoda komyalelo.
  Ukudala amaqela anjalo kuvumela umlawuli ukuba enze izenzo eziyimfuneko zokulungiselela kwangaphambili kwaye uvumela isikhangeli ukuba sitshintshe izibophelelo zemithombo phakathi kweefowuni zokutsalwa ngokukhawuleza. Uyilo lwezibophelelo zemithombo lunokuchazwa kwangaphambili kusetyenziswa into yeGPUBindGroupLayout.

Ukongeza kwiChrome, Uvavanyo lwenkxaso yeWebGPU iye yavavanywa ukusukela ngo-Epreli 2020 kwiFirefox kwaye ukusuka ngoNovemba 2021 kwiSafari. Ukwenza iWebGPU isebenze kwiFirefox, kufuneka usete i dom.webgpu.enabled kunye ne gfx.webgpu.force-enabled iflegi malunga:config.

Akukho zicwangciso okwangoku zokwenza iWebGPU isebenze ngokungagqibekanga kwiFirefox kunye neSafari. Ukuphunyezwa kweWebGPU ephuhliswe kwiFirefox kunye neChrome ifumaneka njengamathala eencwadi ahlukeneyo: Dawn (C ++) kunye ne-wgpu (Rust) ongayisebenzisa ukudibanisa inkxaso yeWebGPU kwizicelo zakho.

Kwakhona okuqaphelekayo kukuba umsebenzi uyaqhubeka ukongeza inkxaso yeWebGPU kwiilayibrari zeJavaScript ezidumileyo kusetyenziswa iWebGL. Ngokomzekelo, inkxaso epheleleyo yeWebGPU sele ibhengezwe kwi-Babylon.js kwaye inxalenye kwi-Three.js , PlayCanvas , kunye ne-TensorFlow.js.

Ukuphunyezwa kwe IWebGPU iya kuthi iqale yenziwe kuphela kulwakhiwo lweChromeOS, iMacOS, kunye neWindows, ngelixa iLinux kunye ne-Android, inkxaso yeWebGPU iya kwenziwa emva kwexesha.

Okokugqibela, ukuba unomdla wokwazi okungakumbi ngayo, unokujonga kwiinkcukacha Kule khonkco ilandelayo.