Kungekudala i-imeyile yakhululwa Uluhlu lweposi lweLinux Kernel kwaye le imeyile ineyona njongo iphambili susa ikhowudi kulwenziwo lwe-x32 (ungabhidaniswa ne-x86 IA-32).
Okuvumela ukuba usebenzise imodeli yedilesi ye-32-bit (hybrid x86 kunye x86_64) kwiinkqubo ezingama-x86 ezingama-64.
Yintoni i-x32 yoyilo?
Kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba i-x32 sub-architecture iyi-hybrid x86_64 ABI, evumela imodeli yokujonga imemori engama-32-bit ukuba isetyenziswe kwiinkqubo ezingama-64-bit (iprosesa isebenza kwimowudi engama-64, kodwa isebenzisa izikhombisi ezingama-32 kunye nokusebenza kwezibalo).
I-ABI X32 ivumela usetyenziso ukuba lusebenzise ngokupheleleyo uyilo lwe-x86_64, ezinje ngeerejista ezongezelelweyo kunye nemiyalelo ekhawulezayo, iPIC ABI.
Kwangelo xesha, i-ABI X32 ixhasa izikhombisi zememori ezingama-32, ezigcina imemori, inegalelo ekugcwaliseni ngokufanelekileyo i-cache processor, kwaye inefuthe elifanelekileyo kwisantya esipheleleyo sokwenza ikhowudi.
Umda we-ABI X32 yinto engenakwenzeka ukuhambisa ngaphezulu kwe-4 GB yememori kwisicelo.
Inkxaso yeX32 ibiyinxalenye yeLinux Kernel okoko yakhutshwa i-3.4, yenziwa ngoMeyi 2012.
Abaphuhlisi baya kuxoxa malunga nokuba baqhubeke nokugcinwa kolu lwakhiwo okanye hayi
Ngokwomphuhlisi ucebisa ukususwa kwetekhnoloji ye-x32 ayigwetyelwanga kwaye ayifumananga sicelo sisebenzayo kubume bemizi-mveliso yanamhlanje.
Ngaphandle koko, kunyel x32 khowudi isebenzisa indlela enempikiswano yokusebenza kweefowuni zenkqubo, ethi idale umngcipheko wokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwesiqhelo emva kokuqhubekeka kwenkqubo yokumiliselwa kweefowuni.
U-Linus Torvalds uthe uyakuvuma ukususa i-x32 ukuba akukho zimpikiswano zingenisiweyo okanye ukuba iinkqubo apho kusetyenziswa ubuxhakaxhaka x32 obusetyenzisiweyo aziboniswanga.
Linus kwaqaphela ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-x32 yoyilo kwakucacisiwe kuvavanyo lokusebenza olugqithisileyos, njengenkxaso kolu lwakhiwo lungaphantsi inxulunyaniswa nengxaki enkulu yokugcina ulwabiwo kunye nemeko yophuhliso.
Iposi:
Molweni nonke.
Ndikuthathele ingqalelo ukungenisa isicatshulwa ukususa i-x32 inkxaso kwiLinux. Nantsi eminye imiba ngale:
- Akucaci gca ukuba inabasebenzisi. Ngokwazi kwam, ixhaswa kwi-Gentoo nakwi-Debian
- Indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yokubiza iyamangalisa kakhulu. Uninzi lwee-syscalls ezikwi-x32 zingena nge-native * yazo (okt ayiyiyo i-COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE) ngendawo yokungena, kwaye oku kuyinjongo.
Umzekelo, adjtimex () isebenzisa okokufaka kwendalo, hayi okokufaka, kuba i-x32 struct timex ithelekisa ubume be-x86_64. Kodwa ii-syscalls ezimbalwa zinendawo yokungena eyahlukileyo-ezi zi-syscalls eziqala kuma-512.
Oku kungena ngeendawo zokungena ze-COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE.
Izikwere ze-X32 ezingekhoyo * kuluhlu lwama-512 lwaphula yonke imbonakalo yendibano yekernel syscall.
Kwi syscall handlers, in_compat_syscall () ubuya eyinyani, kodwa COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE Ungeniso aluzukuphambuka kwaye uyababeka emngciphekweni wokophula izinto xa abantu bephinda basebenzise ukwenziwa kwe-syscall.
Kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke, akukho mntu uzama ezi zinto.
Ngesinye isihlandlo Xa kuvavanywa i-x32, omnye wabaphuhlisi be-Gentoo wagqiba kwelokuba ukuphuculwa kokusebenza xa utshintshela kwi-ABI x32 akukukhulu njengoko kuvavanyo lokwenziwa Ukusuka kubenzi beABI x32:
inkqubela phambili ebonakalayo ibonwa kuphela xa kuthelekiswa nolwakhiwo lwangaphambili lwe-x86, kodwa xa kuthelekiswa nolwakhiwo lwangoku lwe-x86-64, inzuzo ayibalulekanga (iimvavanyo ze-SPEC ngabenzi be-x32 zibonise ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40% yokukhawulezisa xa kuthelekiswa ne-ABI x86_64 yakudala, iimvavanyo kunye ne-H.264 codec ibonakalise ukukhawulezisa kwe-15-20%).